Introduction to Heather

Contents 1 Pinyin 2 Source 3 Pinyin name 4 English name 5 Alias ??of Heather 6 Source 7 Original form 8 Habitat distribution 9 Characteristics 10 Chemical composition 11 Pharmacological effects of Heather 12 Toxicity 13 Identification 14 Processing 15 Sex Flavor 16 Meridian tropism 17 Function and indication 18 Usage and dosage of heather 19 Prescriptions 20 Discussions by various experts 21 Excerpts attached: 1 Prescriptions using the traditional Chinese medicine heather 2 Chinese patent medicines using the traditional Chinese medicine heather 3 Heather in ancient books 1 Pinyin

shí nán 2 Sources

From 1. "Bielu": Heather, born in Huayin Valley. The leaves are collected in February and April, and the seeds are harvested in August and dried in the shade.

2. "Tang Materia Medica": The leaves of heather are like wormwood and do not bloom in winter. The ones with thin leaves are good and the ones in Guanzhong are good. They are the key to treating wind evil pills. Those whose country has reached the south grow up like loquat leaves and have no smell, so they should not be used. Doctors no longer use it today.

3. "Shu Materia Medica": "Illustrated Book" says that in the heather, the Zhongnan sloping valley near the rocks is very fertile. Nowadays, most Bu people regard Wawei as Shiwei and Shiwei as heather. It cannot be ignored.

4. "Ben Cao Tu Jing": Heather, some very tall plants, found in rivers and lakes, leaves like loquat leaves, some small

3 Pinyin name

Shí Nán 4 English name

Chinese Photinia Leaf 5 Alias ??of Heather

Fengyao, Luancha 6 Source

Medicinal source: Rosaceae The leaves or leafy twigs of the plant heather.

Latin plant, animal and mineral name: Photinia serrulata Lindl．

Harvesting and storage: It can be harvested all year round, but it is better to harvest in summer and autumn. It can be dried in the sun after harvesting. 7 Original form

Heather is an evergreen shrub or small tree, 46m high, sometimes up to 12m. Branchlets brownish gray, hairless. The leaves are alternate; the petioles are stout, 24cm long, hairless when old; the leaves are leathery, oblong, long obovate or obovate oval, 922cm long, 36.5cm wide, with a pointed tip and tail, a rounded or wide wedge-shaped base, and an edge. There are sparse glandular fine serrations, the whole edge near the base, the upper surface is bright, the midrib has villi when young, and both sides are hairless when mature.

The leaf shape of this species varies greatly, with serrations and needles in the seedling stage. Flowers bisexual; compound corymbs terminal, total pedicel and pedicel glabrous; flowers 35mm long; flowers dense, 68mm in diameter; calyx tube cup-shaped, about 1mm long; sepals 5, broad triangular, about 1mm long, apex acute 5 petals, white, nearly round, 34mm in diameter; 20 stamens, outer whorl is longer than petals, inner whorl is shorter than petals, anthers are purple; styles are 2, sometimes 3, connate at base, stigma capitate, ovary with soft tip at apex hair. The pear fruit is spherical, 56mm in diameter, red, bright-eyed, and later turns brown-purple. 1 seed, oval, 2mm long, brown, smooth. The flowering period is from April to May and the fruiting period is from October. 8 Habitat distribution

Ecological environment: Born in mixed wood forests at an altitude of 10,002,500m.

Resource distribution: distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places. 9 Characters

Character identification: The stem is cylindrical, with a diameter of 0.40.8cm, and has branches; the surface is dark gray-brown, with longitudinal wrinkles, and the lenticels are fine dots; the texture is brittle, easy to break, and the cross-section skin is The part is thin, dark brown, the wood part is yellow-white, lobed.

The leaves are alternate, stalked, 14cm long, with a longitudinal groove on them; the leaves are oblong or obovate-elliptical, 815cm long and 26cm wide; the apex is pointed or protruding, the base is nearly round or wedge-shaped, and the edges are finely serrated. The tooth tips are brown, but when young and on the toothed branches, the leaf margins are awn-like serrated; the upper surface is brown or brown-green, hairless, with feather-like veins and a concave midrib. The lower midrib is clearly prominent. The leaves are leathery and brittle. The smell is slight, the stems are slightly bitter, and the leaves are slightly astringent. It is better to have tender branches, even strips, and intact leaves without any broken leaves.

Microscopic identification, cross section of leaf: both upper and lower epidermis are composed of one row of nearly square cells, with the outer side covered by cuticle. There are 34 rows of palisade cells in the mesophyll tissue, which do not pass through the main vein. The spongy tissue is loose, and the midrib protrudes downward. There are 34 rows of thick angular cells on the inside of the upper and lower epidermis, and the wall is keratinized; the vascular bundle is "U" shaped, and the pericycle is Fibers and parenchyma cells containing yellow substances are alternately arranged in a continuous hemispheric shape. The thick horn cells, parenchyma cells, phloem and mesophyll tissue cells of the midrib contain calcium oxalate prisms and clusters. Thin veins containing yellow substances are scattered in the spongy tissue and parenchyma of the midvein, especially around the vascular bundle of the midvein.

Leaf surface view: The upper epidermal cells are polygonal, the vertical walls are straight, the flat peripheral walls are horny, and there are no stomata. The lower epidermal cells are slightly smaller, the vertical wall is straight, the stomata are dense, infinitive, and there are 48 accessory cells.

Powder characteristics: brown. There are many fibers, colorless or light yellow, mostly bundled and broken, with a diameter of about 13 μm. The surrounding parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate square crystals to form crystal sheath fibers. Calcium oxalate square crystals are easily visible, with a diameter of 733 μm. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are mostly found in mesophyll parenchyma cells, with a diameter of 1633 μm. 10 Chemical composition

Leaves and branches contain Cyanophorie glycoside, but roots do not. The leaves contain free hydrocyanic acid, the content of which varies greatly, about 0.0150.120; it also contains prunasin, which can be hydrolyzed to obtain glucose, benzaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid. 11 Pharmacological effects

10 leaf extract can kill Schistosoma japonicum cercariae in test tubes and also kill oncomelania snails. The ethanol extract of 70 leaves can inhibit isolated frog hearts, contract isolated rabbit ear blood vessels, inhibit isolated intestinal tubes, and reduce blood pressure in anesthetized dogs. It has cardiotonic, diuretic and bacteriostatic effects. 3.7 decoction has a stimulating effect on the isolated frog heart, 100 decoction administered through the lymphatic sac on the in vivo frog heart, or 75 decoction 10ml intravenously injected on the in vivo rabbit heart. 12 Toxicity

It is less toxic to rats. Taking 60 and 100 mg/kg for one month has no effect on growth and no change in liver and lipid metabolism. The heather used in Japan is Rhododendron metternichii S. et Z., which is 23 times more toxic (to mice) than heather and can cause convulsions. The two should not be confused. 13 Identification

Physical and chemical identification (1) Take 1g of this product powder, add 10ml of methanol, reflux and extract on a water bath for 1 hour, use the filtrate to do the following test: 1. Take 1ml of the above methanol extract, add magnesium powder A little, add 45 drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and heat it on a water bath, it will become orange-red. 2. Take 1 ml of the above methanol extract, place it in an evaporating dish and evaporate it to dryness on a water bath. Add 1 ml each of boric acid acetone solution and 10 citric acid solution, continue to evaporate to dryness, and observe the residue under a UV light. Strong cracks can be seen. yellow-green fluorescence.

(2) Take 0.5g of this product powder, put it in a test tube and add a little water to make it moist. The test tube is plugged, and a piece of filter paper moistened with picrate solution is hung between the cold and the tube wall. The test tube is placed in a 6070°C water bath and heated for about 15 minutes. The test paper will appear brick red.

(3) Take 1g of this product powder, add 10ml of ethanol, soak for 30 minutes, filter, take 2 drops of the filtrate, put it on the filter paper, add 12 drops of trichloroacetic acid reagent, and heat to 100℃ It starts to appear light red and gradually turns into lavender. 14 Processing

Wash, slightly moisten, cut into shreds and dry in the sun.

15 Nature and flavor

Pungent; bitter; neutral; slightly toxic 16 Meridian return

Liver; Kidney 17 Functions and Indications

Expelling rheumatism; relieving itching; Strengthens muscles and bones; benefits liver and kidneys. Mainly used for rheumatic arthralgia; headache due to head wind; rubella; weak legs and knees; kidney deficiency and low back pain; impotence; spermatorrhea. 18. Usage and dosage of Heather

Oral administration: decoction, 310g; or take into pills or powder. External use: appropriate amount, grind into powder and sprinkle or blow into nose. 19 Attached Prescriptions

Shi Nanwan "Shengji Zonglu": removes rheumatism and activates blood vessels. "Sheng Ji Zong Lu" for "Heather Wine": Rubella is not understood; "Pu Ji Fang" for "Heather Powder": calm down the wind and stabilize the mind. 20 Discussions by various schools

1. "Gangmu": Heirloom is an important medicine for treating wind-induced arthralgia and weak kidneys in ancient times. People today do not know how to use it, and there are very few people who know it. This is explained by Zhen's "Treatise on the Nature of Medicine". It is also said that there is impotence. Little did they know that those who take this medicine can make their kidneys strong, and those who are addicted to it can use it to indulge in excess and cause weakness and weakness. It is a good thing to blame it on the medicine.

2. "Compendium of Materia Medica": Heather leaves can dispel wind and relieve pain, which is its strong point. The theory of nourishing the kidney is not credible. "Herbal Classic": Break the accumulation and chase wind numbness. 21 Excerpts

"Chinese Materia Medica" uses the traditional Chinese medicine heather Tongding heather powder

Volume 6 quotes "Longmu Lun": Prescription name: Tongding heather powder Alias: Heather powder Composition: 1 tael of heather, 3 points of hellebore, 57 melon stems. Efficacy: Relieve the diaphragm... Dendrobium and Cistanche Powder

Half a liang of Gui, half a liang of ginseng, half a liang of Eucommia ulmoides, half a liang of agarwood, half a liang of Poria, half a liang of heather, half a liang of Citrus aurantium, half a liang of Rehmannia glutinosa. Half a tael, 2 taels of cinnamon, and 2 taels of magnet. Gong... Nanteng wine

gjiǔ "Compendium of Materia Medica" Volume 25: Prescription name: Nanteng wine Composition: Heather Vine (decoction). Efficacy: Treat wind deficiency, expel air-conditioning, remove numbness and pain, strengthen waist... Shufeng Zhitong Powder

Ma 1 qian, zombie 1 qian, Wu Yao 1 qian, Achyranthes bidentata 1 qian, Duhuo 1 qian Qian, Heather Vine 1 Qian, Frankincense 1 Qian, Bauhinia Flower 1 Qian, Drynaria Rhizoma 1 Qian, Ligusticum Chuanxiong... Pan-fried Fuzi Pills with bean paste and wine

Remove the drizzle and fry until thickened), attached ( Side) 2 points (cracked, peeled navel), half a liang of heather, half a liang of Achyranthes bidentata (removed seedlings), half a liang of Fangfeng (removed reed heads), stone... More prescriptions using Chinese medicine heather

Chinese patent medicine rheumatism analgesic wine using the traditional Chinese medicine Heather

45g licorice (honey roasted) 15g safflower 30g Qingfengvine 30g Trachelospermia 60g Heather Vine 60g Pangolin 45g Wu Snake 45g centipede... rheumatism pain wine

jiu standard number: WS3B023090 Prescription: Heather Vine 2812g ephedra 94g Citrus aurantium 75g cassia twig 75g silkworm sand... Qishen rheumatism wine

White peony root 50g, Angelica sinensis 50g Blood Vinegar 32g Ma Kou Pi Zi medicine 50g Heather Vine 32g Guizhi 32g Eucommia ulmoides (stir-fried in salt water? 6g Dipsacus Dipsacus 32g... Sanshe medicinal wine

Tangerine peel 50g Xugufeng 100g Duhuo 100g Angelica sinensis 100g Heather Vine 100g Polygonatum japonica (made) 200g Southern snake vine 200g Wuyao... Tougu Zhenfeng Pills

50g Patchouli 450g Forsythia suspensa 450g Baiziren 450g Talc 450g Poppy shell 450g Wu Yao? 450g Magnolia officinalis (Ginger Zhi)... More Chinese patent medicines using the traditional Chinese medicine Heather

Heather in the ancient book "Compendium of Materia Medica": [Mubu Volume 36 Wood Three] Heather

Product) releases famous wind medicine. Shizhen said: It was born in a sunny place between rocks, so it was named Shinan. Guiyanghu is a wind medicine. Drinking it with tea or wine can cure head wind, hence the name. Note:... "Zheng Lei Materia Medica": [Volume 14] Heather

Heather is pungent, bitter, flat, and poisonous. Mainly nourishing kidney qi, internal injuries and yin deficiency, strengthening muscles, bones and fur, treating weak feet and evil qi of the five internal organs... "Puji Fang": [Volume 246 Athlete's Foot] Hong Kong Athlete's Foot Miscellaneous Treatment Plaster, Lymphoma, etc.

Malignant sores and carbuncles. Swollen shins and weak feet. Partially blighted and diseased. The secret information from outside the station is cloud.

On one side, there are heather and white peony, sixteen kudzu (file), snakehead grass (file), three liang each of sapiens (reed removed)... "Principles of Syndrome and Treatment: Ulcer Medicine": [Volume 5] Addiction Rash

. Or boil the capsules with a little wine and take a bath. ... "Puji Fang": [Volume 14: Various Feng Men] Various Feng are Difficult to Cure With Comments