Which county in Guizhou is Sandu County?

Sandu County is located in the southeast of Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province, in the hinterland of "Moon Mountain and Leigong Mountain", which spans from107 40' to10814' in east longitude and 25 30' to 26' in north latitude. It is adjacent to Rongjiang and Leishan in the east, Libo in the south, Dushan and Duyun in the west and Danzhai in the north. It is 56 kilometers wide from east to west, 78 kilometers long from north to south, 230 kilometers away from Guiyang, the provincial capital, and 85 kilometers away from Duyun, the state capital, with a total area of 2,400 square kilometers. The county has jurisdiction over 10 town,1/township, 270 village committees, 4 neighborhood committees and 24 13 villagers' groups, with a total population of 314,700, including 304,700 ethnic minorities, accounting for 96.8% of the total population. The population of the Shui nationality is 202,400, accounting for 64.3% of the total population. More than 60% of the national Shui population lives in Sandu, and there are Han, Shui, Buyi, Miao and Yao nationalities in the county 14. National Highway 32 1 runs through the county, which is one of the important passages for southwest provinces to go south to sea, and also the most convenient passage on the tourist routes of Dazhangjiang National Karst Forest Reserve in Guilin, Guiyang and Kunming. [ 1]

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The development of history

Map of Water Town of Yaorenshan National Forest Park in Sandu County

The three capitals of Xia Dynasty belong to the southeast of Liangzhou; It belongs to the southwest of Jingzhou; Zhou belongs to Yue and leads the country; Qin belongs to Xiang County and Lan County; Han is a county of Han nationality; From Jin to Southern Dynasties, Song belonged to the southeast corner of xian county and the southwest corner of Wuling County. The Southern Dynasties belong to the junction of the southeast corner of xian county and the northwest corner of Qixi County. Liang and Chen belong to Nanyi County; Sui county. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, it began to establish governance in Sandu. In the third year of Zhenguan (629), Gaolan County was established, that is, Hengfeng, Tang Zhou and Hejiang of the three capitals today. Duchamp County, that is, today's Sandu Du Jiang area, is under the jurisdiction of Yingzhou, and Yingzhou is under the jurisdiction of Duchamp County. The Song Dynasty (960- 1279) was under the jurisdiction of Shao Qingfu (now Pengshui County, Sichuan Province) in the south and 56 Jimi States in the east. From the Yuan Dynasty to the 26th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1289) in June, there were 300 caves and10 villages in Southwest Yi. In October of the 28th year of Zhiyuan (129 1), Yunfu built a cave and changed Chenmeng Cave to Chenmeng House and Hejiang House. Zhiyuan twenty-nine years in the first month, the establishment of the military and civilian appeasement department. In the 19th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1386), Duyun was changed to Yun 'an House, which was the appeasement department of Duyun. In March of the 24th year of Hongwu, Zhang Jun was appointed as a rotten soil official in Chen Meng, Hejiang County, and transferred to Wei Yun. In the seventh year of Hongzhi (1494), in May, the governor was transferred to Dushan Prefecture and the newly established Duyun Prefecture. In July of the 9th year of Yongzheng (173 1 year), Dujiangtang was awarded the title of Du Jiang Town, Sandu County. Yongzheng 12 (1734), with rotten toast land, established three-legged villages and towns, namely Sanhe, Dahe, Pu 'an and Zhonghe. In the second year of the Republic of China, in 65438+ February (19 13), Dujiang Hall was renamed Dujiang County, and Sanjiao House was renamed Sanhe County. In the 30th year of the Republic of China (194 1), the Guizhou provincial government merged Du Jiang and Sanhe counties and renamed them Sandu counties. Sandu county established sanhe town, and Du Jiang County Bureau was changed to Regional Bureau. [2]

1949 65438+February 6, Sandu was liberated, 1950 65438+ 10/4, Sandu county people's government was established. On September 1956 and 1 1, the 37th plenary meeting of the State Council made a decision to cancel Sandu County and establish sandu county. On February 1956, sandu county was renamed Sandu County. 1957 1.2, Sandu County was formally established, and Sanhe Town was established in the county, belonging to Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. Since then, the county name and county governance have been passed down to this day.

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topography

What is the scenery like in Zhai Lei?

The county is located on the southeast slope of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and the terrain is inclined from northwest to southeast, with an average elevation of 500 to 1000 meters. The highest is Gengding Mountain in the northwest, with an altitude of 1665.5 meters. The lowest point is the exit of Duliujiang River near Ba Street, with an altitude of 303 meters. The continuous mountains and criss-crossing streams in this area are sandwiched by some rolling hills and flat dams. Of the total area, cultivated land accounts for 9.4%, woodland accounts for 55.6%, grassy mountain accounts for 29.7%, and water surface accounts for 1.3%, which is called "nine mountains, half water and half fields". The county's forest resources are well protected, with a forest coverage rate of 50.08%, making it one of the top ten key forestry counties in the province. It belongs to the moderate monsoon climate type in the middle subtropical zone, characterized by long summer and short winter, clear spring and autumn, no heat in summer and no cold in winter. The annual average temperature is 18℃, the frost-free period is 328 days, and the annual average rainfall is1349.5mm. [3][ 1]

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natural resource

waterpower resources

zhong he waterfalls

There are 42 rivers in the county, which are rich in hydraulic resources and have a theoretical reserve of 250,000 kilowatts. At present, only 2524 kilowatts are developed. Duliujiang River, which passes through the county, is an important tributary of the Pearl River and the largest river in the county, with a total length of 83.5 kilometers and a drop of 197 meters. River basin control area 1680 square kilometers, accounting for 70.6% of the county's total area, with a river basin area of 20. At the same time, the total hardness of Duliujiang River is 66 to 70 mg/L, which belongs to the second-class standard, and the main water quality indicators such as pH, dissolved oxygen and oxides all belong to the first-class standard, and the water quality is good. Duliujiang River can be developed in cascade, especially after the completion of Bajie Power Station and Baiziqiao Power Station, which will help to integrate Duliujiang River resources, give full play to its economic benefits and value effects, and play a powerful role in promoting local economic and social development. [4]

tourist resources

China aquarium Mao culture style park

There are Yaorenshan National Forest Park, Duliujiang Provincial Scenic Area, five provincial-level cultural relics protection units, as well as quaint and confusing folk customs and charming natural landscapes in the county, and the tourism resources are unique. In the long history of human development, the Shui people have created rich and colorful national culture and unique national customs in their long-term production and life practice. Shui people have their own language, writing and calendar, as well as traditional festivals such as Duanjie and Mao Jie. Shuishu is known as the living fossil of hieroglyphics in China. There are various forms of folk songs, such as duet, single, Kunge, tune, chant, etc. Especially Kunge, which is a wonderful folk song, is rich in content and unique in tone, and has been listed as a new genre in Guizhou Quyi Garden. There are rough and bold dog fighting dances, bronze drums celebrating harvest, solemn sacrificial ceremonies of the Shui people, simple and elegant "dry fence" buildings, exquisite and famous traditional diets of the Shui people-ponytail embroidery, paper-cutting, costumes and unique flavors, waterfalls, Xianqiao in Tang Zhou, "rain stones" in the sky and mysterious "spawning cliffs". At the same time, there are Du Jiang Ancient City Wall, yangfu Cliff Tomb and Yinlang Slate Tomb, which are of great research and development value. A number of ethnic tourist villages, such as Miaoliang Village in Zhonghe Town, Bamaozhai Village in Du Jiang Town and Bangao Village in Sandong Township, have been built one after another and received Chinese and foreign tourists. [5]

mineral resources

The territory is rich in natural products, and underground mineral deposits include mercury, antimony, gold, lead, zinc, copper, iron, sulfur, coal and diamonds. There are: antimony ore metal reserves of 80 thousand tons; C+D pyrite reserves of 4,845,500 tons; The gold deposit is a fine disseminated gold deposit with antimony and arsenic coexisting, and it is a rare medium-sized deposit in China with a gold reserve of 7 tons. The total coal reserves are150,000 tons; The geological reserve of lead-zinc mine is Pb+2nC+D grade 12736 tons; Hematite is 22.82 million tons, and other 20 mineral resources have certain mining value.

forest resources

Yaorenshan National Forest Park

This county is rich in forest resources. The main tree species are Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana, Tung oil tree, Camellia oleifera, Quercus acutissima, Cypress, Maple, Phoebe bournei, Cinnamomum camphora, Alsophila spinulosa, Phyllostachys pubescens, Rhus sumac, Eucommia ulmoides and so on. It is one of the top ten forestry counties in the province, with forest areas 1 1. There are large areas of primary forests and secondary forests in Du Jiang, Bajie, Yangfu, Wubao, Fishing and Lalan in the east, and Yang Gong and Jiuqian in the south. State-owned Lalan Forest Farm is located at12km east of the county seat, with an existing management area of 250,000 mu and a forest volume of10.4 million cubic meters, and is known as the "Hundred Miles Forest". The annual output of commercial timber10.5 million cubic meters is above, which is the first state-owned forest poplar in Guizhou province to break through the 10 million yuan mark and one of the top 500 state-owned forest farms in China. [6]

fishery resources

Duliujiang River is the most abundant, with 30 species of main fish belonging to 6 families. Among them, there are 22 species of CYPRINIDAE, 4 species of Sparidae, Silurus 1 species, abalone 1 species and 2 species of loach. High-quality freshwater fish such as rhinoceros produced in Duliujiang River are famous both inside and outside the province. [7]

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administrative division

In 2006, Sandu County administered 10 towns, namely sanhe town, Dahe, fengle town, Hejiang, Pu 'an, Du Jiang, Zhonghe, Tingpai, Qin Zhou and Jiuqian. 1 1 The townships are Li Jiao Township, Lalan Township, Fishing Township, Bajie Township, yangfu Township, Wubao Township, Shuilong Township, Tangzhou Township, Sandong Township, Hengfeng Township and Yanggong Township; It governs 270 villages, 4 neighborhood committees and 2 144 villagers' groups. [8]

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Minority population

According to the data of the fifth census, the total population of the county is 297,442. Population (population) of each township: sanhe town 36875 Dahe Town/KOOC-0/2/KOOC-0/29 Pu 'an Town/KOOC-0/8322 Du Jiang Town/KOOC-0/4995 Zhonghe Town/KOOC-0/044/KOOC-0/Qin Zhou Town/KOOC-0. 07676 Li Jiao Township 18345 Bajie Township 9 182 Dayu Township 10929 yangfu Township 65 19 Wubao Township 4299 Shuilong Township 13578 Tangzhou Township 16893 Sandong Township.

In 2003, Sandu County administered 10 towns,1/kloc-0 townships, 270 village committees and 4 neighborhood committees. At the end of the year, the total population was 325,900, including non-agricultural population 1.720; The population of ethnic minorities is 304,700, accounting for 93.49% of the total population. Among the ethnic minorities, the Shui population is 202,900, accounting for 62.23% of the county's total population. [9]

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infrastructure

Shuishu Cliff Stone Carving

After revising the overall construction plan for three times, the city has carried out detailed planning and phased construction planning and design, and the facilities such as roads, bridges, water supply and drainage, power supply, sanitation, greening, communication, education, health, finance and market in the county have been continuously improved. The planned area of the county has reached 10.84 square kilometers, the built-up area has reached 4.42 square kilometers, the population has reached 49,000, and the daily floating population has reached more than 5,000, forming a relatively prosperous market trade and taking shape. Urban roads have built a "three vertical and four horizontal" trunk road traffic network, namely Jianshe Road, He Bin East Road, He Bin South Road, Huancheng East Road, Du Jiang Road, Zhongshan Road and Wenhua Road. In addition, roads such as Shenzhen Road, Tuanjie Road, Zhenxing Road, minzu road, Shangmao Road, Jiefang Road, Zhonghua Road, Fenghuang Avenue and Maguang Avenue have been built one after another, with a total length of 18.7 km, a hardening area of more than 370,000 square meters and a hardening rate of over 95%. Completed the pavement construction of pavement slab of bluestone road, with a total pavement area of more than 40,000 square meters. Green belts have been built on both sides of the main street, with a total area of 1.5 million square meters. According to the standard of "one street, one scene and outstanding features", more than 3,000 trees have been planted in each street, and the county's green coverage rate has reached over 37%. More than 800 street lamps, 3 pole lamps and more than 300 street lamps in residential areas were installed. Colored lights or neon lights are installed in most units along the street and in the courtyard, and the lights every night become a beautiful landscape in the county. On both sides of the Duliu River, nearly 5 kilometers of flood levees and 25 kilometers of road drains with different specifications were built according to the once-in-a-century standard, which dredged the drainage function of the urban area and greatly improved the flood control ability of the county. [ 10][ 1 1]

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economic construction

General situation of economy

Sandu County adheres to the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, conscientiously implements Scientific Outlook on Development, adheres to the theme of sound and rapid development on the basis of scientific analysis and in-depth research, renews the development concept, increases investment attraction, integrates resources, and vigorously implements the five strategies of "revitalizing the county through science and education, stabilizing agriculture, strengthening industry, building urban tourism and shaping national culture". The county's economy and society have achieved sustained, coordinated and rapid development, showing a relatively fast speed. In 2006, the county's GDP reached 844 million yuan, an increase of10.03%; The investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 300 million yuan, an increase of 64.39%; The total industrial output value above designated size was 65.438+0.55 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+08.33%.

rural economy

Xue Hua Cave

Agriculture and rural economy have developed steadily. Focusing on the goal of increasing agricultural efficiency and increasing farmers' income, we will strive to build a three-dimensional agricultural industrial chain, constantly adjust and optimize the industrial and product structure, and vigorously promote the "multi-cropping system" planting model. Five golden flowers "bamboo, livestock, vegetables, fruits and tea" have begun to take shape, and the overall quality of agriculture has been further improved. The total agricultural output value of the whole year was 6190,000 yuan, an increase of 5.6%; The total sown area of grain reached 35 1 10,000 mu, and the total grain output reached 97,500 tons, an increase of 3.73%. The county's large livestock 175500, an increase of 6.3%; Large livestock slaughtered 28,600 heads, an increase of 8.95%; Animal husbandry demonstration sites 1 16, including 77 farms with more than 50 heads, 3 cattle farms with more than 100 heads and 3 farms with more than 30 heads/month. Ecological engineering construction completed afforestation of 46,000 mu, including bamboo planting 1.36 million mu. The total output value of township enterprises was 464 million yuan, up by 12.24%. The per capita net income of farmers reached 18 16 yuan, and the per capita income increased by 9.99% 165 yuan. The implementation of poverty alleviation has driven 24 villages in the village, and 60% of the total project quantity has been completed. The pilot work of new rural construction was effectively carried out, and the funds of various departments and Shenzhen were integrated, and more than 5 million yuan was invested to build pilot villages such as Shui Ge, Shuigen and Dabai. [ 12]

industrial economy

Industrial production maintained rapid growth. Intensify environmental improvement, strengthen service awareness, actively implement service commitments, further optimize the investment environment, and further expand the scale of attracting investment. In 2006, the county's total industrial output value above designated size was155.25 million yuan, exceeding the 100 million yuan mark. Among them, the total industrial output value of state-owned enterprises is 50.728 million yuan, and that of non-state-owned enterprises is104.522 million yuan. The total added value of industrial enterprises above designated size is 47107,000 yuan, including12173,000 yuan for state-owned enterprises and 34.934 million yuan for non-state-owned enterprises. County-scale enterprises completed industrial sales output value of 6.5438+0.35464 million yuan, and the sales rate of industrial products was 87.3%. The county completed tax revenue of 6.793 million yuan, including 2.327 million yuan for state-owned enterprises and 4.466 million yuan for non-state-owned enterprises. In 2006, there were five state-owned industrial enterprises in Sandu County: county power supply bureau, county gold mine, county water supply company, county electric power company and county plant oil plant; Ten large industrial enterprises (non-public ownership): Ruijiang Wood Industry Co., Ltd., Jinjiang Cement Co., Ltd., Shunyuan Wood Industry Co., Ltd., Xiang Qian Silicon Industry Co., Ltd., Hunan Hengtong Mining Co., Ltd., Sandu Branch, Concentrate Smelter, Xinyuan Lead-zinc Concentrator, Sandu Sulfide Plant, Hengtong Concentrator and Longteng Bamboo Wood Industry Company. The county has formed a characteristic industrial development pattern focusing on electric power industry, mineral processing and metallurgy industry, forest industry and forest industry enterprises. [ 13]

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Social undertakings

Education has been strengthened and the "two basics" have been consolidated. The enrollment rate of primary school-age children in the county is 99.2%, and the dropout rate is 0.45%. The enrollment rate of junior high school education is 96.2%. New achievements have been made in population and family planning work, with 6,620 cases of "two techniques" completed, and the natural population growth rate is 8.65‰, achieving the annual population control target. Culture, radio and television have developed healthily, and the county has basically achieved "every village is connected". Seriously carry out "going to the countryside" activities. Organize more than 60 professional technicians to form a "science and technology service group" to go deep into 7 townships (towns) to carry out "science and technology, health, culture and law" activities. Strengthening leadership, increasing investment, linking urban and rural areas, and solidly carrying out the work of "cleaning up the mess" have significantly improved the health situation in urban and rural areas and further enhanced the level of mass civilization. [ 13]

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Famous scenic spot

Bamao aquarium tourist resort

The scenic spots in Sandu County mainly include: 100-city coastal scenery, Duliujiang River rafting, forest resort, Yaorenshan Nature Reserve, Buyang Cliff Stone Carvings, Du Jiang Ancient City Ruins, Qing Army Mass Pits, Shui and Miao people's songs and dances, villages and so on. The southern line is dominated by ethnic customs, mainly including: Water Village, Water Festival, Mao Jie Love Song, ethnic handicrafts, Shuilong sarcophagus tomb, Tang Zhou Xianren Bridge, Zhonghe Waterfall, Three-hole Cat Stone Shoutian and other strange stone wonders. There are many scenic spots and historical sites in the county, with rich connotations and picturesque natural scenery. There are 45 cultural relics in China, including 5 county-level cultural relics protection units and 4 provincial-level cultural relics protection units. Places of interest include Du Jiang Ancient City Wall, yangfu Cliff Tomb, Buyang Cliff, Shibanzhai Anti-Japanese Site in Jiuqian Town, Jiuqian Shui Nationality Uprising Site in Jiaodu Mountain, Meicai Village in Jiuqian Town, Yinlang sarcophagus Tomb, Yaorenshan Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Site, etc. The main scenic spots are Yaorenshan National Forest Park and Duliujiang Provincial Scenic Area. [ 14][ 1]

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native products

There are many local specialties, mainly including wood, nine thousand wines, nine thousand plums, Pavilion-brand dried peppers, Xixiang Sydney, Wotun tangerine, navel orange, Shatian pomelo, Qin Zhou homespun, Lalanzhu sofa, Wubu Xiangzhu, auricularia auricula, hemp shoots, mushrooms, tea and peanuts. [ 1]

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National custom

Mao Jie Oriental Valentine's Aquarium

In the long history of human development, the Shui people have created rich and colorful national culture and unique national customs in their long-term production and life practice. Shui people have their own language, writing and calendar, as well as traditional festivals such as Duanjie and Mao Jie. Shuishu is known as the living fossil of hieroglyphics in China. There are various forms of folk songs, such as duet, single, Kunge, tune, chant, etc. Especially Kunge, which is a wonderful folk song, is rich in content and unique in tone, and has been listed as a new genre in Guizhou Quyi Garden. There are rough and bold dog fighting dances, bronze drums celebrating the harvest, solemn sacrificial ceremonies of the Shui people, simple and elegant "dry fence" buildings, exquisite and famous traditional diets of the Shui people-ponytail embroidery, paper-cutting, costumes and unique flavors, waterfalls, Tang and Zhou Xianqiao, "rain stones", mysterious cliffs and wind grass. At the same time, there are Du Jiang Ancient City Wall, yangfu Cliff Tomb and Yinlang Slate Tomb, which are of great research and development value. A number of ethnic tourist villages, such as Miaoliang Village in Zhonghe Town, Bamaozhai Village in Du Jiang Town and Bangao Village in Sandong Township, have been built one after another and received Chinese and foreign tourists. [2]

The festival of the Shui nationality is a big festival of the Shui nationality, which is equivalent to the Spring Festival of the Han nationality. The Shui people call the festival they celebrate "borrowing the end". The date of "borrowing end" every year is calculated according to the water calendar. The water calendar takes the ninth month of the lunar calendar as the first month, indicating the end of everything. Haitian is the twelfth branch of the earth, which is both the end of the year and the beginning of the new year. The Aquarium Festival lasts from August to October of the lunar calendar and is divided into seven batches, which last for 49 days from the beginning to the end. This is the longest festival in the world. [ 1]