Kunming’s legends, stories and customs, urgent!

Legendary stories:

1. The legend of "Golden Horse and Jade Rooster". The legend of "Golden Horse and Jade Rooster" has a long history. According to historical records, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty believed that there was a sacred chicken with green feathers at the southern foot of Yunling Mountains, which was a folklore in the Western Han Dynasty. They can fly through the sky with broken stones, and their voices are long and loud. Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty praised the emperor's visit to Yunnan. Wang Bao didn't come for some reason. He also wrote "Ode to the Moving Golden Horse and Jade Rooster" as a sacrifice.

Chang Bing of the Eastern Jin Dynasty said in "Huayang Guozhi" that there are dragons and horses in Dianchi Lake. When they mate, they produce a good horse, which can "travel 500 miles a day." The Northern Wei Dynasty geographer Duo Daoyuan (472-527 AD) also mentioned in his commentary on "Shui Jing" that there were golden horses and green roosters in Dayao and Yushan. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Buddhists used this wonderful legend. It is said that the golden horse is the "god" of Ashoka in Buddhism. Since the Tang Dynasty, the Golden Horse and Green Rooster Temple has been built in the east and west mountains of Kunming. People worship it as a god, and literati of the past dynasties have sung many poems.

2. The legend of Yuantong Temple. According to legend, during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, it rained heavily overnight in Kunming. The next morning, a monk walked out of the monk's house and saw leaves falling in the yard and falling into the hall to burn incense, but he saw two mud dragons soaking in water on the wooden pillars, as if they had just come back from the water. The monk was shocked, turned around and ran to report to the abbot. The abbot is suspicious. So he led a group of monks into the hall. He saw that the dragons were covered in water, with moss (algae, etc.) clinging to their scales.

The dragon's chest is brought together up and down. When the monks saw this scene, they were frightened and did not dare to vent their anger. Among them, a little Shami looked around curiously. He walked out of the hall and saw a huge watermark on the ground. The water mark stretches along the mud dragon wrapped around the pillar. Little Shami pointed it out to the monks. They seemed to understand this and crawled along the waterways in search of water. A group of people came to Jincui Lake and Jiulongtan (the northwest corner of Jinyuantong Street).

It turned out that when it rained heavily last night, many people heard the roar of the dragon, and the sound of fighting lasted all night. Others found several dragon scales with large bowls on the shore. The monks suddenly understood that the two mud dragons in the temple rushed into the sea (Cuihu, formerly known as Vegetable Haizi) and expelled a dragon occupying the Nine Dragon Pond. Before that, Kunming was often flooded by dragons, flooding half of the city's streets, and people complained endlessly. After the war, the dragon disappeared and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.

Behind the hall of Yuantong Temple, there is a curse platform. It is said that a long time ago, this was the big stone cave where the dragon hid. Flood dragons occupy the main terrain, often breeding monsters and harming people. About 40 kilometers south of Kunming, there is a Panlong Temple with a monk named Azali. He knew the rugged scriptures (ancient Xia scriptures), which recorded in detail the process of Dayu's flood control. One of them is to surrender to the dragon's magic. In order to harvest dragons, a dragon platform was built here. I respectfully invite Azari to recite scriptures day and night on the stage. After a few days, the effects of the magic began to show. The dragon cave on the ground begs for mercy. Azali waved him off. Since then, the floods of Jiaolong have disappeared.

3. The legend of Ashima. Once upon a time, in Azodi, a beautiful girl was born to the poor Geluzhiming family. Her parents wanted their daughter to be as precious and shining as gold, so they named her "Ashima". Ashima is not only beautiful, but also good at singing and dancing. Many young men like her. She fell in love with her childhood sweetheart, the orphan Ah Hei, and vowed not to marry anyone but him.

One year during the Torch Festival, she got engaged to the smart and brave Ah Hei. Azhi, the son of the rich man Rebubala, also fell in love with the beautiful Ashima, so he asked a matchmaker to arrange a marriage, but no matter how he threatened or lured her, it was of no avail. Rebubala's family took advantage of Ah Hei to herd sheep in a distant place and sent someone to kidnap Ashima and force her to marry Ah Zhi. Ashima refused to obey and was whipped and imprisoned in a dark prison. After hearing the news, Ah Hei came to save Ashima day and night. He and A Zhi competed in antiphonal singing, felling trees, catching trees, and sowing seeds, and he won in all competitions with A Zhi.

Rebubala became angry and ordered his servants to release three tigers towards Ah Hei. Ah Hei shot the tiger to death with three arrows and rescued Ashima. The vicious Rebubala and his son refused to give up and colluded with the Yashen. When Ashima and Ah Hei were crossing the river, they released a flood and swept Ashima away.

The girl Ying Shange from Twelve Cliffs rescued Ashima and turned her into a stone peak and the Echo God.

From then on, she will answer you as you call her. Her voice and her shadow will remain in the world forever. The story of Ashima's unyielding struggle against powerful forces reveals the human ideal that light will eventually replace darkness, goodness and beauty will eventually replace ugliness, and freedom will replace oppression and confinement. It reflects the "Bending cannot be bent" of the Sani people of the Yi ethnic group. national character and national spirit.

Customs and habits:

1. Do not touch the heads and headdresses of children, young monks and girls at will.

2. You must take off your shoes when entering the main hall of a Dai temple or going up to a Dai bamboo house.

3. When staying in a Dai bamboo house, you should not put your head towards the owner's door, but your feet towards the owner's door, and you cannot step over a woman's feet.

4. When others serve you rice, you should take it with both hands; when you serve others food, you should not fill it full or add just one spoonful.

5. When visiting Hui areas or entering halal restaurants, avoid talking about pork. Avoid saying the word "fat", usually use "strong" instead of "fat".

Extended information

Kunming is a multi-ethnic city with 26 ethnic groups living in it. Those who form concentrated villages or mixed villages and streets include Han, Yi, Hui, Bai, Miao, Hani, Zhuang, Dai, Lisu and other ethnic groups. In the long-term production and life, various ethnic groups have influenced each other and integrated, while at the same time maintaining their own national traditions and continuing many unique lifestyles, folk customs, culture and art. Compatriots of all ethnic groups living in Kunming are warm and hospitable, good at singing and dancing, and have simple folk customs. Whether it is their etiquette in dealing with others, unique food, colorful costumes, different styles of residential buildings, and interesting weddings, they can all It makes people feel the distinctive national characteristics.

Among the many ethnic festivals, the Yi people's "Torch Festival", the Bai people's "March Street" and "Rao Sanling", the Dai people's "Water Splashing Festival", the Miao people's "Stepping on the Flower Mountain", the Lisu people's The "Knife Rod Festival" of the tribe has long been famous, and the festival activities are rich and colorful. During every festival, people of all ethnic groups will put on their own hand-embroidered and dyed ethnic costumes and gather together from all directions to hold activities such as wrestling, bullfighting, and antiphonal singing. According to the seasons of the year, many customs such as the Xishan Tune Festival on the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, the spring outing in the Golden Palace on the ninth day of the first lunar month, the climbing of Luo Peak on the Double Ninth Festival, and the grand moon viewing on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival are very popular among the people.

Kunming has a wide variety of local literature and art, such as Yunnan opera, lantern opera, folk songs and minor operas, ethnic minority operas, folk narrative poems, folk legends, etc., which have been developed and spread for hundreds of years and are loved by the broad masses of the people.

Baidu Encyclopedia——Kunming