Who knows about Fengdu Ghost Town?

The construction of the Three Gorges has flooded half of Fengdu's scenic "ghost town". Fengdu was called "Bazi Biedu" in ancient times. It got its name from the poem "Pingdu's Ancient Famous Mountains in the World" written by Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty. Fengdu Famous Mountain is one of the 72 Taoist caves and blessed places. There are as many as 27 famous mountain and ancient temples. In the second year of Emperor Yongyuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor He established the county. It is known as the "Ghost Kingdom of Kyoto" and the "Underworld". It is the legendary destination of the souls of human beings and gathers Confucian, Buddhist and Taoist people. Fengdu County is located on the southeastern edge of the Sichuan Basin and on the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The county covers an area of ??2,910 square kilometers. Fengdu is an ancient city surrounded by mountains and rivers. It was called "Bazi Biedu" in the Spring and Autumn Period. In the second year of Yongyuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Yongyuan established a separate county from Zhi County and named it "Fengdu County". It has a history of more than 1,900 years. . The first tourist attraction along the Yangtze River Three Gorges from Chongqing. Legend has it that this is the place where the souls rest after death. The "ghost city" Fengdu is unique in the world. It has towering ancient trees on famous mountains and numerous temples. In the huge underworld, immortals, Taoism and Confucianism are established. Gods and ghosts are entrenched in each temple. The hierarchy is strict, each performs his own duties and rules with harsh punishments and laws. The legendary ghost world. The treasure house is known as the "Hometown of Divine Comedy" in China and the "Capital of the Soul" of mankind. Ghost Town "Ghost Town" Fengdu was called "Bazibiedu" in ancient times. The county was established in the second year of Emperor Yongyuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is known as the "Ghost Kingdom of Kyoto" and the "Underworld". It is the legendary destination of human souls and a folk culture and art that integrates Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. The treasure house is known as the "Hometown of Divine Comedy" in China and the "Capital of the Soul" of mankind.

Geography

Qing Dynasty

The eighth year of Tongzhi (1869) County boundaries:

The north bank meets the Zhongzhou border in the east and the Zhongzhou border in the north It is bounded by Zhouzhou and Dianjiang, Fuling to the northwest;

The south bank is bounded by Fuling to the southwest, Pengshui to the south, Shizhu and Hubei Lichuan to the southeast.

Republic of China period

County boundaries in the 30th year of the Republic of China:

Connected to Zhong County in the east, Dianjiang in the north, Fuling in the west, Pengshui and Shizhu in the south. It is connected to Qianjiang River in the southeast and Lichuan, Hubei Province in the east.

In July of the 31st year of the Republic of China, Feng and Shi counties assigned flower arrangement areas to each other:

Shizhu County ranked Huhai Township No. 12 and No. 15, and Jiangchi Township No. 1. The four guarantees, the first to the eighth guarantee of Changpo Township, and the ninth guarantee of Shagu Township, were transferred to Fengdu County; ***15th guarantee, 163 A, 1,765 households, 9,044 people.

Fengdu County divides the 9 townships of Qiaotou, Zhongyi, Longsha, Sanhui, Zihe, Xixin, Lixin, Shasha and Jinling in the fourth district and Qilianba Yibao, Wuping Township in the third district. , the sixth to the fourteenth guarantees of Dejian Township, the third, fourth, and fifth guarantees of Ping'an Township, the first to fifth guarantees of Taiping Township, were transferred to Shizhu County; ***1 District, 9 Townships, 69 guarantees, 631A, 7276 households, 37285 people.

In November of the same year, Fengdu County embedded Chongxing Township in Ma'anshan in Fuling and transferred it to Sanhui Township in Fuling County; the total number was 1 guarantee, 40 households, and 148 people.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China

In August 1952, Zhong and Feng counties adjusted their flower arrangement boundaries:

Feng belonged to Yangdu and Taiji Township and was transferred to Zhong County,* **5826 households, 22659 people.

The fourth to the fourteenth villages of Zhongzhong Honghe Township are assigned to Fengdu County, with 2074 households and 8940 people.

In October of the same year, Zhong County inserted the 1st, 8th and 9th groups of Hongmiao Village, Guantang Village, Qili Village, Longtou Village and Xinkai Village in Shizhi Township of Fengdu County and transferred them to Fengdu County. ***1073 households, 4278 people.

In September 1963, Fengdu County belonged to Fengsheng Public Company and Dianjiang County, with 4 production brigades, 23 production teams, 593 households, and 2,091 people.

At this point, Fengdu County is 71.76 kilometers wide from east to west and 79.85 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of ??2901.16 square kilometers. Its boundaries are: Xialu District of Shizhu County to the east, Houping Commune of Wulong County and Ditang Commune of Pengshui County to the south, Luoyun and Longju Communes of Fuling County to the west and Qingkou and Peixing Communes of Dianjiang County, and adjacent to the north Renjia and Miaoya Commune, Zhong County.

History: Mingshan Town, the original county seat of Fengdu, is located in the middle of the county, on the north bank of the Yangtze River, at the southern foot of Mingshan and Shuanggui Mountains, at 29°53` north latitude, 107°42` east longitude, and 160 meters above sea level. . The place was called Fengminzhou in ancient times and the "Bazi Biedu" in the Zhou Dynasty. Since the establishment of the county in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it has been the seat of the county government and has been briefly moved three times. In the late Ming Dynasty, successive wars destroyed government offices and civilian buildings. In the early Qing Dynasty, county magistrates once lived in Gaojia Town. In the 17th year of Shunzhi (1660), the county magistrate Shang Qiyu rebuilt the county government office in Xuanhuamen, the old city. In the ninth year of Tongzhi (1870), the administrative center was destroyed by the Yangtze River flood. In the eleventh year, a new city was built in Fujiabao, and the county government moved to Liukoujing in the new city. In the third year of Guangxu (1877), the county magistrate Lu Rong restored the old administration and the county government was moved back. In the 29th year of the Republic of China, the county government moved to Maliusui to avoid Japanese bombings, and moved to its original location two years later. The office was located on today's Commercial Road and became the seat of the County People's Government after liberation.

In the 20th year of the Republic of China, Mingshan Town was established in the county seat, and the administrative office was located at the Ba Sheng Palace (today's Meat Factory) at the southern foot of Mingshan Mountain. In the 29th year of the Republic of China, the upper half of the city was divided into Pingdu Town, and the administrative office was located at Qiaosheng Palace (today's Social Welfare Institute) at the southern foot of Shuanggui Mountain. In the 35th year of the Republic of China, the two towns of Mingshan and Pingdu were merged into Wuyun Town. In the 36th year of the Republic of China, the two towns of Mingshan and Pingdu were restored. In October 1950, the two towns were merged into Chengguan Town. In September 1951, it was changed to Chengguan District. In 1956, it was renamed Chengguan Town. In July 1980, it was renamed Mingshan Town, and the administrative office was located on today's Zhongshan Road.

There was only one river street in the ancient Fengdu city. In the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1371), the county magistrate Guizhongquan built the county in the south-east direction and was relatively simple. Later, the streets were gradually expanded towards Mingshan and Shuanggui Mountains. In the fourth year of Tianshun (1460), the magistrate Chai Guangchu built the city. During the Heng and Hongzhi years, the county magistrate Li Yi , the Ming Dynasty gentry rebuilt the city wall, which was two feet high and six hundred feet in circumference. There were five city gates: Xuanhua Gate in the southeast, Yingen Gate (also known as Shouzhi Gate) in the east, Huichuan Gate (also known as Guanyi Gate) in the south, Xiyang Hemen (also known as Da Ximen) and Beidu Fengmen (also known as Beimen). Four additional small gates, namely East Water Gate, West Water Gate, Xiaodong Gate and Xiaoxi Gate, were built. During the Shunzhi, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Xianfeng, Tongzhi, and Guangxu periods of the Qing Dynasty, the city wall was repaired, and the number of official offices, private houses, shops, schools, and temples in the city increased year by year.

In the early years of the Republic of China, houses were built inside and outside the city, but the streets were narrow. From the 18th to the 20th year of the Republic of China, the garrison Chen Lanting set up a road bureau, demolished the city walls and some private houses to widen the streets, and built a smooth Sanhe mud road more than 20 feet wide. From the monument to the main street of the park, it is four feet wide, nearly one mile, and straight. Trees are planted neatly on both sides of the streets in the city, and the houses are mostly made of bricks and wood. There are usually shops downstairs and residences upstairs.

After liberation, multi-story buildings increased year by year. In addition to county and town offices, shops, banks, primary and secondary schools, there were also mustard, brewing, canning and other factories. They were generally reinforced concrete structures with grindstone floors. , some facades are embedded with ceramic tiles. The streets are made of cement pavement, and the street houses are clustered together. The city covers an area of ??0.92 square kilometers. It is shaped like a sword and stretches across the river. There is a bus station in the northwest of the city, and there are daily shuttle buses to Dianjiang, Shizhu, Fuling and other places in the county and neighboring counties; there is a dock outside the South Ring Road, commercial field, and Guanyi Gate, and it is 52 kilometers west to Fuling and Chongqing. 172 kilometers, 476 kilometers to Yichang and 1,102 kilometers to Wuhan in the east, with shuttle boats available day and night. Mingshan Town has a population of more than 20,000 and is the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the county.

Characters To make it clear that Fengdu was rumored to be a ghost town, the earliest historical origin probably has to be told from the time when Tu Bo, the first generation ghost emperor of the Bashu Diqiang tribe, lived in the "Ghost Kingdom Youdu".

Bashu Diqiang tribe, according to some historians’ research, originally lived in the Tianshui area in southern Gansu. Due to the 10th century BC to the 9th century BC, the climate of our country experienced a major change. In the early Western Zhou Dynasty, The climate was relatively warm throughout the year, but soon deteriorated. "Bamboo Chronicles" records that during the reign of King Xiao of Zhou, the Han River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, froze twice in 903 BC and 897 BC. After the freezing, severe drought followed. This means that there was a cold period in the 10th century BC, which lasted for about one to two centuries. It was not until the Spring and Autumn Period that the climate became warmer. Because of this cold period, the Di people who originally lived in Longnan and are located at the junction of today's Gansu, Shaanxi, and Sichuan moved southward in large numbers. One of them came down through the Han River Basin and formed an alliance with the Ba tribe. There is Fancheng in Xiangyang, Hubei Province today. It should be a branch of the Di tribe with the surname Fan during the migration to the south.

Another branch passed through the Jialing River basin and moved to northern Sichuan. The "Bandun Man" in northeastern Sichuan includes tribes from the Di and Qiang tribes.

The Di and Qiang tribes moved southward, reaching as far east as today's Hubei and Xiangxi; as far south as western Sichuan and as far as northeastern Yunnan.

The activity center of the Ba people was mainly active in the Han River Basin from the Yin and Shang Dynasties to the Spring and Autumn Period. Later, they moved westward to Sichuan due to the invasion of Chu. After entering Sichuan, the Ba Kingdom was established. When it was strong, southeastern Sichuan and western Hunan were its southern borders. The Shu Di Qiang tribe in Cuba is also known as the ghost tribe. During the long-term exchanges, because they both believed in ghosts and witches, they produced a primitive religious god with the same belief - Tu Bo, who is called the leader of the Bashu and Shu tribes. The first generation of Ghost Emperor, this Ghost Emperor lives in Youdu. Gao You of the Eastern Han Dynasty annotated "Huainanzi." "The Falling Shape Chapter" states: "The ancient capital of Youzhou was north of Yanmen." It is difficult to say clearly whether there is a "Youdu" and the other "north of Yanmen". In ancient times, there was a capital of Youzhou, and Yanmen refers to it. It is the Yanmenguan area in Shanxi; however, the Bashu Di Qiang ghost tribe cannot be in the north, so some people think that this "north of Yanmen" is in today's Sichuan. Fengdu once served as the other capital of Bashu in ancient times, and was later said to be the "secluded capital" of the "Ghost Kingdom". This "Ghost Kingdom Youdu" probably means "the capital of the ghost clan".

The ghost tribe believes in witchcraft. There must be witchcraft; the ghost tribe has primitive religion, and they must establish a god. This god is the first generation of ghost emperors. In this way, Tu Bo was passed down as the first god in the ancient Fengdu land.

Some people may think this is nonsense, but later Zhang Daoling founded the "Five Pecks of Rice Road" in Sichuan, also known as the "Ghost Road". Zhang Tianshi also absorbed the witchcraft of the Low Qiang tribe as his method of exorcising ghosts and curing diseases. Later, Taoism made Fengdu one of the governors, which was intrinsically related to the fact that the first generation of Ghost Emperor of Bashu was said to live in ancient Fengdu.

Fengdu Self-guided Tour Guide

Depart by car from Chaotianmen. Pass through Changshou-Fuling-Fengdu. It takes more than three hours to arrive. The section from Chongqing to Fuling is a full expressway, and the section from Fuling to Fengdu is a secondary highway. The toll is about 60 yuan. You can also take a boat directly to Fengdu, which is OK on the boat. Leisurely enjoy the river scenery along the way. After arriving in Fengdu, it depends on what you want to do. The first place you must go to is the ghost town Mingshan. There are many fun things there, and the tickets are not very expensive. , 80 yuan, I guarantee you will be very satisfied with the game. At night, go and stay in the new county town. The hotels there are not expensive for a night. The Hongsheng Hotel, which can be regarded as a star, only costs about 170 yuan a night. If you think it is too high, there are also cheaper ones. For 50 yuan, it also comes with a TV, bathroom, and air conditioner, ensuring that you can live and eat with peace of mind.

On the second day, you go to Fengdu New County for a tour. The newly built new county is almost the same as the main urban area of ??Chongqing. Look at the Three Gorges Immigration Reservoir Area. The people have built their hometown so beautifully. It is not difficult to sigh that the Three Gorges immigrants are so great! After wandering around, you have to go to one more place, and that is the famous Snow Jade Cave. That place is simply a paradise on earth, a wonderful sculpture of nature.

Transcription of a famous poem by Zhu De, with friend Gu Tengzi:

When Comrade Zhu De visited Qixingyan, he composed a poem to praise:

Seven stars have descended into the world, and their immortality is truly attainable. They have been in high places for a long time, but they are still soaring.

Only when you are happy can you be brave, and if you break your belly, you can be drilled by others. The sky and the earth are vast in your belly, and there are often boats to ferry people.

Some people say: The height of life is based on his/her magnanimity, which makes sense.