What does financial budget management include?

Introduction: As one of the important management tools of modern enterprises, financial budget management is playing an increasingly important role. Strengthening the financial budget management of enterprises can achieve the purpose of increasing income and reducing expenditure, thus improving the efficiency of enterprise assets and improving economic benefits. The following is what I brought in financial budget management, which I hope will be helpful to you.

first, the concept of fiscal budget and fiscal budget management

fiscal budget, that is, public budget, refers to the government's basic fiscal revenue and expenditure plan, which classifies fiscal revenue and fiscal expenditure into specific revenue and expenditure classification tables according to certain standards to clearly reflect the government's fiscal revenue and expenditure situation.

In our country, the financial budget serves the people. People can know the intention and goal of government policy and financial management through the public budget, grasp the situation of national financial revenue and expenditure, and predict the direction and plan of China's economic construction in the next stage. Although each country will differ in the specific details of the financial budget according to its own national conditions, the overall financial budget includes the following stages: budget preparation stage, budget approval stage, budget implementation stage and budget audit stage. In order to maximize the efficiency of financial budget management, countries will also formulate and constantly improve their own financial budget systems to standardize financial budget management.

financial budget management refers to all plans, systems and business work in the whole process of budget preparation and budget implementation. That is to say, each country will proceed from its own actual situation, and predict a financial situation oriented by future expenditure results, mainly involving income estimation and expenditure distribution. The management of financial budget is realized through budgeting, budget execution, budget execution monitoring, execution effect evaluation and result feedback. Relevant institutions can also integrate the performance concept before, during and after the financial budget management to realize the organic unity of budget preparation, implementation, supervision and performance evaluation.

second, the characteristics of financial budget management

as an important part of national management, financial budget has its own characteristics. By grasping its characteristics, we can understand financial budget management more thoroughly and formulate a scientific and reasonable financial budget system.

(1) Openness

The public budget is a government action. As a state machine, the government has the responsibility to prepare a scientific budget and use various means to ensure and supervise its implementation. As citizens of the country, the people have the corresponding right to know and supervise the government's budget, especially in China, where the people are the masters of the country, the government's budget management.

Third, the role of financial budget management in enterprises

(I) the significance of financial budget management

1. Important ways to improve economic benefits

Strictly controlling the operating costs of enterprises, providing products and services with better cost performance to the market and pursuing profit maximization are the fundamental purposes of enterprise management. Carrying out budget management, further optimizing business and management processes, and strengthening the binding force of various budget quotas and expense standards are effective means for enterprise cost control and important ways for enterprises to improve economic benefits.

2. The need of economic development at home and abroad

With the deepening influence of the international financial crisis on China's real economy, the external business environment, investment risk, asset quality decline and financial burden faced by Chinese enterprises frequently appear, and the financial risk of enterprises further increases, and the business risk of enterprises will eventually turn into financial risk.

In the face of the increasingly complex and changeable environment, the business risks of enterprises are increasing. In the future, it is particularly important to improve the cost control ability and reduce the investment risks.

3. Financial budget management can enable relevant personnel to perform their duties and improve efficiency

Financial budget management clearly stipulates the responsibilities and objectives of the relevant production and operation personnel of the enterprise, and the relevant personnel know fairly well, and an effective incentive mechanism can mobilize the enthusiasm of the production and operation personnel of the enterprise, reduce the cost level of the enterprise and improve the operational efficiency of the enterprise.

4. Help enterprise managers to make decisions

Enterprise financial budget management effectively combines the existing resources of the enterprise with the future development goals of the enterprise. In the budget management system, various indicators are reclassified and sorted, and this information is transmitted to managers who have decision-making power, thus effectively helping enterprise managers to make decisions.

Fourth, the common problems in the financial budget of enterprises

(1) The budget of enterprises is often inconsistent with the long-term development goals of enterprises.

The budget should be combined with the enterprise's strategy, and the purpose of the enterprise's budget is to strive to achieve the strategic objectives of the enterprise. In reality, many enterprises have no clear strategic guidance, and their budgets are inconsistent with their long-term development goals. The inconsistency between the enterprise's budget preparation and the development goal of the enterprise group will easily lead to the "myopia" of the budget, which will damage the company's long-term interests.

(2) The feedback of the budget is not timely, and many enterprises just submit the budget execution analysis on schedule.

because it is impossible for an enterprise to predict all possible events when preparing a budget, if it fails to make timely adjustments when the market situation changes significantly or other reasons make the budget impossible to achieve, it will make the budget divorced from reality, become empty and outdated figures, and lose its due role.

(3) There is no effective supervision mechanism in the process of budget implementation.

For the related expenses that need to be dealt with in the budget, the company leaders should discuss and decide how to deal with them collectively, instead of the main leaders having the final say. This will distort the allocation of resources within the company and make resources flow to the departments with surplus budget; Budget surplus will also affect the company's performance evaluation, and unreasonable budget indicators make the assessment lack objectivity and impartiality.

V. Suggestions on improving the financial budget management of enterprises

(1) Establish a scientific financial budget evaluation system and improve the supervision of financial budgets.

The traditional evaluation system is too simple, which can not correctly reflect the efforts of relevant personnel in terms of indicators and methods, and it is easy to dispel the enthusiasm of relevant personnel and have a negative impact. This kind of setting is too narrow, on the one hand, it can't accurately evaluate the business performance of the enterprise, on the other hand, it is easy to force the executor's behavior to be short-term and affect the long-term development of the enterprise.

(2) according to the past experience of effective financial budgeting, make a scientific financial budgeting scheme and strictly define the basic expenditure and project expenditure of enterprises.

Strictly define the enterprise's basic expenditure and project expenditure, and rationally adjust the method of approving the basic expenditure quota, so as to make the allocation of budget funds more just, fair and transparent. While properly classifying, sequencing and strictly auditing the daily expenditures, we will effectively enhance the planning and foresight of the project budget, and realize the close combination of the project budget arrangement and the departmental career development plan. Each business centralized management department shall be responsible for organizing the preparation and implementation of the relevant budgets of the department, examining and approving the business matters in the budget, dynamically monitoring the budget implementation, and giving timely feedback and evaluation; Analyze the execution deviation of business budget, and implement daily management control on this basis.

(3) Enterprises should establish a scientific evaluation system and constantly improve it.

at the end of the financial budget, the budget implementation of each department should be assessed. When determining the assessment rewards and punishments, in order to avoid the phenomenon that the units that prepare the advanced budget are punished for not completing the budget, and the units that prepare the conservative budget are rewarded for completing the budget, the coefficient of the reward scheme can be determined according to the advanced budget of each department while considering the direction and size of the difference between performance and budget. The reward coefficient is larger for departments with large budget difficulties and smaller for departments with small budget difficulties. In this way, employees are encouraged to make scientific and accurate budget plans as much as possible.

(4) change the audit thinking and make audit supervision run through the whole process of budget.

according to the requirements of financial budget management, the audit supervision runs through the whole process of budget. We should not only do a good job in budget preparation audit, but also do a good job in budget implementation audit; Starting with budget revenue, focus on budget expenditure audit; Starting from the results of budget implementation, focus on the audit of the whole process of budget implementation, gradually improve and perfect financial budget management, and promote the legalization and standardization of financial management. Secondly, we should have clear objectives, promote the rationality, accuracy, standardization and effectiveness of the financial budget, and promote the implementation of the financial budget and the realization of business objectives. In particular, increase the audit of expenditure structure adjustment and enhance the transparency and binding force of the budget; Through the audit of material procurement process, the unreasonable phenomenon in the use of financial funds can be effectively suppressed.