When was Sima Qian from?

Question 1: Which dynasty of the Western Han Dynasty did Sima Qian come from?

Question 2: Which dynasty was Sima Qian from? Sima Qian (BC 145) was born in xia yang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi). China is a famous historian and writer in ancient times. People in the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty. Also known as Shiqian and Taishigong by later generations.

Question 3: Which dynasty did Sima Qian belong to and what kind of person was he? He is a historian of the Western Han Dynasty.

Question 4: Which dynasty did Sima Qian come from? Zichang, Zuo Fengyi, was born in xia yang (now southwest of Hancheng, Shaanxi). Born in the fifth year of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty (BC 145), it is said that he was born in the sixth year of Emperor Jian Yuan of the Han Dynasty (BC 135), and the date of his death cannot be verified. Sima Qian 10 years old began to study ancient literature biographies. During Yuan Guang and Yuan Shuo of Han Dynasty, he studied under the modern writer Dong Zhongshu's "The Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ram" and the ancient prose writer Kong Anguo. At the age of 20, he roamed south from Chang 'an, the capital, and traveled all over the Jianghuai Valley and the Central Plains, where he visited local customs and collected legends. Soon, he became a doctor, bodyguard and retinue of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and accompanied him to the Western Seas many times, and sent envoys to Bashu. In the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), Sima Tan, the stepfather of Sima Qian, was the official of Taishi, in charge of astronomical calendar and royal atlas, so it depends on the books collected by historians. In the first year of Taichu (before 104), he, Luo and others customized calendars to replace the Zhuan Xu calendar inherited by Qin, and the new calendar adapted to the needs of the society at that time. From then on, Sima Qian began to write historical records. Later, he was convicted, imprisoned and rotted for defending Li Ling who surrendered to Xiongnu.

After he was released from prison, he worked as a secretary, continued to write angrily, and finally finished the writing of Historical Records. People call his book Taishi Gongshu. It is the first biography of China, which has a far-reaching influence on later historiography. Historical Records is an excellent literary work with vivid language and vivid image. Sima Qian also wrote a book, Bao Ren 'an, describing his imprisonment and his ambition to write a book, which was praised by all previous dynasties.

Sima Qian is a great historian in the history of China. He was imprisoned for his outspoken advice, but he was even angrier because of it. He wrote a book "Historical Records", a famous historian at all times and all over the world, leaving a valuable cultural heritage for the people of China and the people of the world. One, stepfather, is a historian.

Sima Qian, born in five years (BC 145) at the foot of Longmen Mountain (now Hancheng County, Shaanxi Province), was born in the Han Dynasty.

In the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), Sima Qian inherited his father Sima Tan's legacy and became an official, and began to sort out and select historical classics from the Royal Library. Sima Qian's ancestors were not very prominent, and the family was in charge of Taishi's position for generations. But Sima Qian and his father were proud of it. In their minds, compiling history is a lofty cause. They devoted their lives to it.

Sima Tan has been preparing to write a history book linking the past and the present. Under the direct guidance of his father, Sima Qian began to learn ancient Chinese at the age of ten. Later, I studied Chunqiu from Dong Zhongshu and Shangshu from Kong Anguo. Sima Qian studied hard, made rapid progress and was full of learning spirit.

On his deathbed, Sima Qian's father took his son by the hand and said to him with tears: ... After my death, you must continue to be a teacher, and don't forget my lifelong wish to write a general history. You must inherit my career, don't forget! This earnest entrustment greatly shocked Sima Qian. He saw his father's rare sense of mission and responsibility as a historian, and he also knew that his father had pinned his unfinished business on himself. Sima Qian bowed his head with tears in his eyes and replied sadly and firmly: Son, although I have no talent, I will certainly fulfill your wish.

After Sima Qian made the Taishi Order, he had the opportunity to read books and important materials that could not be seen by the outside world. This provided good conditions for him to write historical records in the future. However, data sorting is very complicated. Due to the confusion of books and national archives at that time, even there was no catalogue to consult, Sima Qian had to look for clues from a large number of wooden slips and silk books, and sort out and textual research on historical materials. Over the past few years, Sima Qian has racked his brains and made great efforts to sort out and textual research historical materials almost every day.

Sima Qian has always remembered his father's legacy and is determined to follow Confucius' example in compiling Spring and Autumn Annals and write a historical work that can also be immortal. In BC 104, Sima Qian presided over the revision of the calendar, and at the same time officially began to write the first part of his masterpiece Historical Records.

Second, the truth of castration.

In the second year of Tianhan (99 BC), Sima Qian, while writing historical records wholeheartedly, encountered unexpected troubles, namely the Liling incident.

This summer, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent his favorite younger brother, General Li Guang of the Second Division, to crusade against Xiongnu, and another sent Li Guang's grandson Li Ling to accompany Li Guangli to escort the trench. Li Guang led 5,000 people out of Juyan and went deep into Jishan alone ... >>

Question 5: Which dynasty was Sima Qian from? Sima Qian (a writer, historian and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty) is an editor.

Sima Qian (BC 145-90), born in xia yang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi), was born in Longmen (now Hejin, Shanxi) [1]. China was a great historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Tan's son, Ren Taishiling, was imprisoned for defending Li Ling's defeat and surrender, and later served as the secretariat. He worked hard to complete the historical records he wrote, and was called Shi Qian, Tai Shigong and the father of history by the later Buddha.

Sima Qian studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu in his early years, roaming around, learning about customs and collecting rumors. As a first-time doctor, he served in the southwest. In the third year of Yuanfeng (108), he was appointed as the Taishiling, inherited his father's business and wrote history. He created China's first biography and general history book (formerly known as Taishi Gongshu) with the historical knowledge of "studying the relationship between man and nature, understanding the changes from ancient times to modern times, and making a family statement". It is recognized as a model of China's history books, which records more than 3,000 years' history from the legendary period of the Yellow Emperor to the first year of the founding of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is the first of the "twenty-five histories" and is praised by Lu Xun as "a historian's swan song, and Li Sao has no rhyme".

Character relationship

put right

Chinese name Sima Qian, alias Sima Zichang, was born in Longmen (now Hancheng, Shaanxi, or Hejin, Shanxi), the birthplace of the Han nationality in the Western Han Dynasty. The date of birth is 65438 BC+045 BC, and the date of death cannot be verified. The author's main achievement is the compilation of Historical Records, which created the official standard of the representative work of biographical history.

catalogue

1 character lifetime

? Early experience

? Learn to travel around the world

? Go back to North Korea to be an official

? Father's decree

? Ancient and modern sages in private schools

? Discuss changing the calendar

? Suffer from corruption

? Biography of Historical Records

2 major achievements

? Literature and history

? think

? astronomy

? well-known saying

3 family lineage

4 Historical evaluation

Character life editor

Early experience

Sima Qian was born in a well-off family in Longmen, Yellow River during the period of Wang and Wu in the Western Han Dynasty (unknown time). [1] [2] Sima Qian's grandfather Sima Xi, under the policy of accepting the title of chestnut rice as a real pawn by the imperial edict of the Chinese emperor, exchanged 4 thousand chestnut rice for the title of ninth-class five people, so the whole family had to avoid the corvee. [3]

Young Sima Qian studied calligraphy under the guidance of his father Sima Tan. By the age of ten, he had been able to read and recite China's ancient books such as Shangshu, Zuozhuan, Guoyu and Jieben. During the first year of the establishment of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Sima Tan took Chang 'an, the capital of the Han Dynasty, as the post of Taishiling [5], while Sima Qian stayed in Longmen, his hometown, to cultivate himself and continue his agriculture, education and animal husbandry. [ 1]

Learn to travel around the world

When he was a little older, Sima Qian left his hometown Longmen and came to his father in Beijing. At this time, Sima Qian had realized that Sima Tan instructed Sima Qian to visit rivers and mountains to collect old news in order to trap old news [6]. Sima Qian began to travel around the world at the age of 20 [7- 14]. He set out from Chang 'an, the capital, and went out of Wuguan to Wanwan. Go south to Xiangfan to Jiangling. Cross the river, return to Xiangxi, and then turn southeast to Jiuyi Mountain. After nine doubts, I went north to Changsha, went to Laoluo Quyuan to mourn, crossed Dongting, went out of the Yangtze River and went downstream to the east. Lushan Mountain, Yu Shu Jiujiang, moved to Qiantang Exhibition. Go to a meeting to discuss Yu's point of view. Back to the Shen Jun Palace, which is at stake in the spring. Go to Gusu to see the five lakes. Later, he crossed the great river in the north and Huaiyin, and went to Linzi and Qufu to inspect Qilu regional culture and observe the legacy left by Confucius. He was trapped in Pu, Xue and Pengcheng, and then went along the Chu-Han battlefield, the hometown where historical figures surged in the Qin and Han Dynasties, passing through Pengcheng, Feng, Ying, Suiyang and Liang (now Kaifeng, Henan). [ 15- 16]

Go back to North Korea to be an official

Sima Qian returned to Beijing as a doctor because of his father Sima Tan [17- 18].

In the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu Ding Yuan (1 1 1), Chi Yihou ordered the southwest barbarians to be pacified, and the corps commander Guo Chang and Wei Guang led eight captains' soldiers to attack Galand and raze the southern barbarians. Yelang was frightened and came uninvited. The Han army also punished Joan and killed Hou Yu. Ran is really scared. Let me set up an official. Later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up Wudu, Ke, Yue, Shenli and Wenshan counties in the southwest of Yi. At this time, Sima Qian, who accompanied Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in his eastward expedition, went down to the southwest again after the Duke, and was sent to the south of Bashu to plan the construction of a new county ... >>

Question 6: Which dynasty did Sima Qian belong to? What is this? Historians, Writers and Historians in the Western Han Dynasty

Writer-Sima Qian

Sima Qian (about BC145-90 years ago) was born in xia yang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi). /kloc-started reading ancient books at the age of 0/0, and studied very hard. When he meets a difficult problem, he always thinks over and over again until he understands it. At the age of 20, Sima Qian set out from Chang 'an and traveled around the world. Later, I returned to Chang 'an and became a doctor. The doctor guarded the palace gate, rode horses and traveled with the emperor. He made several voyages with Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and visited many places. At the age of 35, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent him to Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou. He learned about the customs of some ethnic minorities there. After the death of his father Sima Tan, Sima Qian succeeded to the throne as Taishiling in 10 BC (the third year of Yuanfeng). In BC 104 (the first year of Tai Chu), he signed taichu calendar with astronomer Tang Dou and others. In the same year, I began to compile historical records. In 99 BC (the second year of Tian Han), Li Ling attacked the Huns and was defeated and surrendered. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was furious. Sima Qian defended Li Ling, angered Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, was arrested and imprisoned, and issued a letter. He paid for atonement according to the laws of the Han Dynasty and was "corrupted". In 96 BC (the first year of Taishi), he was pardoned and released from prison, issued a written order and mastered the confidential documents of the emperor. He wrote a book in anger, and finally completed the writing and revision of the whole book at the age of 55. In addition to historical records, Sima Qian also wrote eight poems, all of which have been lost. Only the 30th volume of Literary and Art Newspaper quoted the fragment of Fu's Mourning for the Past. He also wrote "Bao Ren An", describing his imprisonment and his ambition to make a fuss about history.