The longest man-made building in the world

The longest man-made building in the world

The longest man-made building in the world, there are many buildings in this world, some are wonderful, some have left us countless unsolved mysteries, and the pace of architecture has never stopped since ancient times. Let's introduce the longest man-made building in the world. Let's have a look.

The longest man-made building in the world The Great Wall in Wan Li, China is the longest man-made building in the world.

The Great Wall is a general term for large-scale military projects built in ancient China in different periods to resist the invasion of nomadic tribes in Saibei. The Great Wall stretches for tens of thousands of miles from east to west, so it is also called the Great Wall of Wan Li. The existing Great Wall remains are mainly the Ming Great Wall, which was built in the14th century, starting from Jiayuguan in the west and east to Hushan in Liaodong.

Current function

Now the Great Wall, more than 20 kilometers east of Wuwei, Gansu Province, has been seriously damaged, because the site of the Great Wall here is made of special clay on the Loess Plateau. It is precisely because the building material of the Great Wall is excellent clay that local farmers scrape it off with tools and scatter it in their own farmland. There is another most important reason for the destruction. The Great Wall here was restored in the Ming Dynasty. After more than 450 years of wind and rain, it has been seriously damaged in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and tourists littering everywhere on the Great Wall is also a reason. Only the lonely city wall is left, because the only remaining city wall has completed the role of the Great Wall in resisting enemy invasion, and now its role is only to resist sandstorms. To the east of the Great Wall is the vast Tengger Desert, and to the west is the vineyard base of the winery.

With the Great Wall of Wan Li as the intermediary, the Great Wall Belt, which is composed of vast northern and southern regions, runs through a considerable part of Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Qinghai, Xinjiang and other provinces (cities, autonomous regions), including parts of the Mongolian People's Republic and the Korean Peninsula in historical period. Its range is hundreds or even thousands of kilometers wide from north to south and thousands of kilometers long from east to west. The Great Wall Belt has been inhabited by many ethnic groups since ancient times, and the development of ethnic groups and their relations is the key to observing and understanding everything in the Great Wall Belt.

According to the data released by National Cultural Heritage Administration in 20 12, the total length of the Great Wall in China is 2 1 196,18km; National Cultural Heritage Administration released the survey data of the Ming Great Wall in 2009, and the total length of the Ming Great Wall in China was 885 1 8 km. The Great Wall is a great miracle created by the working people in ancient China and a witness to the long history of China. Together with Tiananmen Square and Terracotta Warriors, it is regarded as a symbol of China by the world. At the same time, the Great Wall was listed as a world cultural heritage in 1987 and 65438+February.

The Great Wall in China is the longest building in the world. It is like a dragon, from Jiayuguan in northwest Gansu to the east, across Qilian Mountain, along Helan Mountain, Yinshan Mountain and Yanshan Mountain, across the desert, across the grassland to Yalu River, with a total length of 12700, which is collectively called the Great Wall of Wan Li. In history, there were 20 dynasties (including vassal States) that built the Great Wall, among which the Qin, Han and Ming dynasties built the largest scale.

The construction of the Great Wall began before Qin Shihuang. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Chu, Qin, Qi, Wei, Zhao, Yan, Han and Zhongshan all had their own city walls. In 22 1 BC, after Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, in order to prevent the invasion of Xiongnu nobles in the north, he ordered to build a new Great Wall on the basis of the original Great Wall in Yanbei, Zhao and Qin.

The beginning and end of the Great Wall

According to historical documents, the Great Wall was built over 5,000 kilometers in three dynasties: First, the Great Wall of Wan Li, which started from Lintao in the west and went to Liaodong in the east, was built by Qin Shihuang; Second, the Wan Li Great Wall, which starts from Hexi Corridor in the west and ends in Liaodong in the east, was built in the Han Dynasty, with a total length of 1 10,000 kilometers. These Great Wall sites are located in Beijing, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Xinjiang, Tianjin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Shandong and other provinces, cities and autonomous regions/kloc-0. Among them, only Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has 1 and more than 50,000 kilometers of stations. Followed by the Great Wall of Gansu.

Because of its long history, most of the early Great Wall was incomplete, and now the Great Wall built in Ming Dynasty is relatively complete. So when people talk about the Great Wall, they mainly refer to the Ming Great Wall. The length of the Great Wall also indicates the length of the Great Wall, from Jiayuguan in the west to Yalu River in the east.

Construction method of the Great Wall

In the long history of China, many feudal dynasties built the Great Wall many times in order to consolidate their rule. Thousands of working people in ancient Qian Qian contributed their wisdom and blood, making it a miracle of the world. Whether it is a dragon-like city wall, or a production process and a more scientific brick burning workshop. Therefore, the output of brick products has greatly increased, and bricks are no longer precious building materials, so the inner and outer eaves of many places in the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty are built with giant bricks. Under the condition of manual construction and manual handling of building materials at that time, it was not only convenient to build the city wall with bricks with small weight and the same size, but also improved the construction rate and level. Secondly, the gates of many passes are long-span arches made of blue bricks. Some of these blue bricks have been severely weathered, but the whole gate is still magnificent, showing the superb skills of building arches at that time. Judging from the architectural decoration of the Guanta Tower, many stone carvings and brick carvings are extremely complicated and elaborate, reflecting the artistic talent of craftsmen at that time.

The longest man-made building in the world is 2 1, the longest man-made building in the world-the Great Wall of Wan Li, China.

The majestic Great Wall of Wan Li spans the mountains in northern China, with a total length of more than 6,700 kilometers. It was built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is a rare ancient military defense project in the history of human architecture. It is famous for its long history, huge project and magnificent spirit. It has been listed in the World Heritage List by UNESCO and is known as the "eighth wonder of the world".

2. The largest megalithic building in the world-Egyptian pyramid of khufu.

Pyramid of khufu was built during the reign of Khufu, the second Pharaoh of the fourth Egyptian dynasty (about 2670 BC), and is considered as a mausoleum built by Khufu for himself. In ancient Egypt, every Pharaoh began to build a mausoleum for himself from the day he ascended the throne, in order to turn it over to the gods after death. The four slopes of the Great Pyramid of Khufu face east, south, west and north respectively, and the error is less than three points of the arc. The original length of the bottom was 230 meters, but now it is shortened to 227 meters due to the limestone falling off the outer layer of the tower, and the inclination angle is 5 1.52 minutes. The tower height used to be146,59 meters, but now it is136,5 meters, which is equivalent to a 40-story skyscraper. The bottom of the tower is square and covers an area of 50,000-290,000 square meters. The tower in pyramid of khufu consists of 2.3 million huge stones of different sizes, and the weight of each stone ranges from 1 and 5 tons to 160 tons. These stones are tightly bonded together without any adhesive. If these stones are cut into small pieces with an average of one cubic foot and arranged in a row, their length is equivalent to two-thirds of the circumference of the earth. Pyramid of khufu is a huge project with fine structure. Its construction involves surveying, astronomy, mechanics, physics and mathematics. It is called the greatest stone building in human history, and there are still many unsolved mysteries.

3. The world's largest auditorium-style building-Beijing Great Hall of the People

The Great Hall of the People has created a miracle in the history of architecture. At the end of June, ground was broken on 1958+00, and it was completed on 1959 in August. It took only one year from design to completion. The plane of the whole building is mountain-shaped, and the front wall is arched. Building area 17,18,000m2. In the middle is the famous Great Hall of Ten Thousand People. The venue is fan-shaped, with three floors in total, which can accommodate large-scale meetings of 10000 people. Dome-shaped ceiling, with 500 light holes arranged vertically and horizontally, with a huge red five-pointed star at the top, surrounded by sunflower rings and three layers of water wave-shaped light grooves. There is a 7000-square-meter banquet hall in the north, which can be used for banquets of 5000 people. To the south is the office building of the National People's Congress, including conference halls with local characteristics named after China's provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions and special administrative regions.

4. The largest single project in the world-Three Gorges Water Control Project

The Three Gorges Project, including non-overflow dams on both banks, is 2,335 meters long. The discharge dam section is 483 meters, the hydropower station unit is 700,000 kilowatts ×26 units, and the double-line 5-level lock+ship lift. Upon completion, the surface area of the Three Gorges Reservoir will be equivalent to the total land area of Singapore, and it is estimated that the whole project will cost 24.5 billion US dollars.

5. Pentagon, the largest administrative building in the world.

The Pentagon is located in Arlington on the Potomac River near Washington, USA. It is the seat of the US Department of Defense. Seen from the air, this building is a regular Pentagon, hence the name "Pentagon". It covers an area of 2.35 million square meters and 90,000 square meters. This building is 22 meters high and has five floors. The total construction area is 600,000 square meters and the usable area is about 340,000 square meters. At that time, the cost was $87 million. 1943 was completed in April and opened in May of the same year, with a capacity of 20,000 to 30,000 people. There are large parking lots on the north and south sides of the building, which can simultaneously park 65,438+00,000 cars.

6. The largest ice building in the world-Swedish Ice Hotel

The Ice and Snow Hotel in Harvi, Yukas, Sweden is the largest ice and snow building in the world, with a total indoor area of 5,000 square meters and can receive 150 guests every night. In the past five years, the 65438+ February Hotel has been renovated once a year, and its area has increased year by year. At present, this hotel has an ice sculpture, a cinema, a sauna and an ice bar, and a unique ice sculpture prayer room in the world.

7. The largest ancient architectural complex in the world-the Forbidden City in Beijing.

The Forbidden City in Beijing, China, the largest ancient architectural complex in the world, is located in the center of Beijing. It was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, where 24 emperors successively ascended the throne. Founded in 1406, it has been nearly 600 years. The Forbidden City is the largest and most well-preserved ancient wooden structure complex in the world, covering an area of 720,000 square meters and a construction area of about 6,543,800+0.5 million square meters. It has more than 9,000 halls, among which the Hall of Supreme Harmony (also known as the Hall of Golden Throwing) is the place where the emperor held ceremonies such as enthronement, birthday celebration and invasion of the DPRK. The Yellow Tile Red Wall, Hsi Chin, White Jade Carved Columns and Palace Que of the Forbidden City overlap, which are the essence of ancient architecture in China. There are about 6,543,800 pieces of precious cultural relics and artworks in the palace. It is listed in the World Heritage List.

8. Barbican residential area, the largest apartment building area in the world.

The largest residential apartment complex is Barbican residential complex in London, England, which was designed by architects Chamberlain, Powell and Bond in 1959. Total floor space 16 hectare, 20 apartments14 sets, parking lot for 17 10 cars.

9. Shanghai Pudong New Area, the largest urban development zone in the world.

China Pudong New Area is the largest urban development zone across the Huangpu River in the world, with an area of 520 square kilometers and a population of 6,543.8+0.4 million. Pudong New Area consists of Lujiazui Financial and Trade Zone, Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, Waigaoqiao Bonded Zone and Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park. Construction started in April. 1990. By February, 5548 foreign investment projects had been introduced. There are more than 80 buildings under construction in the financial zone and trade zone, including the World Financial Center, which will become the tallest office building in the world after completion.

10, the most expensive stadium in the world-stade de france.

The stade de france in Saint-Denis, a suburb of Paris, was built to host the 1998 World Cup. It cost 466 million dollars and is the most expensive stadium in the world. France beat Brazil in the final. The stadium can accommodate 80,000 spectators. The total weight of the steel frame used in the huge ceiling is equivalent to the weight of the Eiffel Tower, but most of the supports used are not easy to be noticed. The stadium was designed by architects Michel Mackley, Aymo Like Zubboli, Michel Rijiapol and Claude Constantini, and was jointly built by three French construction companies, namely Bougaines, Marseille large transportation company and enterprise corporation.