Tour guide words of tianyige

Tianyi Pavilion is the earliest private library in China, the oldest library in Asia and one of the three oldest family libraries in the world. Below, I will share the tour guide words of Tianyi Pavilion for you, hoping to help you!

Friends of tourists:

Hello everyone!

As the saying goes: "I haven't been to Ningbo until I get to Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo." Welcome to Tianyi Pavilion, the oldest private library in China. I am very happy to be a tour guide in your this time (the tour guide introduces himself). Ningbo book collection culture is an important part of eastern Zhejiang culture, and the profound humanistic heritage in eastern Zhejiang has cultivated and promoted the formation and development of Ningbo book collection culture. Our Tianyige Museum is a comprehensive museum featuring book collection culture and integrating social history and art. It is located on the Moon Lake in the west of Ningbo, covering an area of 26,000 square meters. Built during the forty to forty-five years of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (A.D.1561-KLOC-0/566), it is the collection place of Fan Qin, assistant minister of the Ministry of War in the Ming Dynasty.

Tianyi Pavilion is a weather-beaten old man. After more than 440 years of human vicissitudes, it has become the oldest private library in Asia and one of the three oldest family libraries in the world. Antique buildings, elegant gardens and quiet environment are really fascinating. However, Tianyi Pavilion used to be an ordinary private library. After several generations' vicissitudes, Tianyi Pavilion is now a shining "pearl" in Ningbo, integrating library collection, cultural relics and tourism. Tianyi Pavilion is like a small library. All books are loved and carefully collected by the owner, and every bookcase is a history. The arrangement of books is very organized. According to the book catalogue, you can find the books you need, which is quite tasteful of modern catalogue retrieval. Scholars of all ages have been to Ningbo and feasted their eyes on Tianyi Pavilion. But for hundreds of years, only a few dozen people have really been able to board Tianyi Pavilion. Now Tianyi Pavilion is open to the public, which makes more experts and scholars feast their eyes and makes the precious books in the museum "serve the present". 1On February 23rd, 982, Tianyi Pavilion was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council. It has become one of the important symbols of Ningbo's famous historical and cultural city, and it is the most proud civilization constellation of Ningbo people.

Xidamen

Now we are at the west gate of Tianyi Pavilion. The wide stone carving on the wall of galloping horse is the best gift for Tianyi Pavilion to welcome friends. Tianyi Pavilion's style set a simple tone from the moment it entered the door. Let's look at both sides of the gate first. It's a pair of Qing Dynasty stone lions. This wooden door was also built in the Qing Dynasty. Outside the hall, there is a plaque inscribed by Mr. Pan Tianshou, a famous Chinese painter, with the words "Southern Book City" in 1962. There is also a couplet on both sides of the gate. I wonder if you can read it? ..... Let me tell you! This is another kind of writing after Oracle Bone Inscriptions ―― Zhong Dingwen, which is pronounced as "Although the heritage is long and the distance is long, it is especially difficult to keep the profound meaning of Nanlei for a long time", written by the famous calligrapher Mr. Gu. The first part tells the long history of Tianyige Library, and the second part tells the feelings of Huang Zongxi, the first foreigner and thinker in the early Qing Dynasty, after boarding the library. At that time, he said with emotion: "reading is particularly difficult, and it is difficult to hide for a long time." Stacking molding

Dear group members, please follow me into Tianyi Pavilion now. The first thing that caught our eye was a figure statue, which was the owner of this library-Fan Qin. Fan Qin, Yao Qing, Anqing and Dongming were born in Yinzhou, Ningbo. He was born in a family with little wealth and political background. He works hard and studies hard. In the 11th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1532), he was a scholar and later became an official in various places. 1939 (156 1) was promoted to the right assistant minister of the Ministry of War, equivalent to the current deputy minister of national defense. In the same year 10, he resigned and returned to his hometown. During his twenty-eight years as an official, he traveled to China at that time. Fan Qin likes reading very much since he was a child. After he became an official, he paid attention to buying books everywhere, collecting them one by one, buying and copying them widely. He paid special attention to collecting local chronicles and imperial examination documents published in various places at that time. Therefore, there are many local chronicles, political books, records and poems in his library. Fan Qin not only tried his best to collect books, but also studied and arranged them diligently, taking notes by hand and carefully examining them. He carved and discussed books with a clear vision, and made no mistakes. Finally, he collected 70,000 high-quality books. Behind Fan Qin, there is a sculpture ―― a horse map in the western hills. This sculpture is the masterpiece of the late old folk artist Hu Shancheng. There are many other works in the museum.

Everyone saw eight good horses kicking their hooves, swinging their tails, turning their heads, playing and screaming by the stream. Their shapes and postures are lifelike. As a matter of fact, the proportion of the rough picture modeling is unbalanced, which makes full use of China's traditional painting skills and highlights the key points of the picture. When we enter the cave door on the right, we will find a unicorn-like monster on the zhaobi, with a dragon horn and a cow's mouth, called "Lala". It is a strange animal in ancient legends. It is said that it can distinguish right from wrong, and it is a symbol of justice to hit the bad guys with its horns when people fight.

Dongming caotang

This is the library of Fan Qin before Tianyi Pavilion was built. Because the founder Fan Qin's name is Dongming, the title of his study is "Dongming Caotang", that is, "I'll stay together". Now Dongming Caotang is rebuilt at 1980 as a living room and a resting place for important leaders.

Former residence of Fan Shi

Fan Qinfu East Hall is the place where his descendants once lived. The present building was rebuilt in the ninth year of Qing Daoguang. Fan's former residence is located outside the library building of Tianyige, surrounded by high walls, which separates the living area from the library area. It was carefully arranged by Fan Qin to protect the library. Please pay attention to this little black door and the words "No Fireworks" on it. Never bring fire in. "After 200 years of book security, there is xx in the world." Tianyi Pavilion can be well preserved after more than 440 years, which is inseparable from Fan Qin's careful arrangement and strict rules. Fan Qin lived to the age of 80. On his deathbed, he called his eldest son Dachong and his second daughter-in-law (the second son Daqian died) to the couch. He divided his inheritance into two parts, one is silver and the other is all books. As a result, Dachong, the eldest son, observed his father's mood and inherited the collection of books, which was passed down as a much-told story by later generations. Since then, the books hidden in Tianyi Pavilion are no longer distributed as property, but belong to the family.

"Every generation does not divide books, and books do not marry." If you want to read a book, you must gather the grandchildren of each house to unlock the cabinet. Fan Qin's descendants made many strict prohibitions on the protection of Tianyi Pavilion's books. Up to now, Tianyi Pavilion still has a ban: no smoking, no drinking and no going upstairs. Those who refuse to open the door and enter the cabinet without reason will be fined three times, those who lead relatives and friends into the cabinet without permission, those who open the bookcase without permission will be fined one year, and those who borrow other rooms and books with his surname will be fined three years. Therefore, people who promise accidents will never be punished except for chasing punishment. This kind of mutual supervision and restriction is not a good way to prevent books from being lost.

According to legend, during Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, Qian, the niece of Qiu Tieqing, the magistrate of Ningbo, was a talented woman who loved reading. She heard that the Fan family has many precious books. In order to go upstairs to study, she entrusted the Taishou as a matchmaker and married Fan Bangzhu, a descendant of Fan. Embroidered Cloud after marriage is full of hope, thinking that she can taste the sweetness as she wishes, but unexpectedly, women are not allowed to enter the cabinet in the clan regulations, which makes her sad and bitter. Everything is flexible, let alone reading in the cupboard! The first person who went upstairs to study was Huang Zongxi in the early Qing Dynasty. Huang Zongxi's character, integrity and knowledge were admired by all walks of life at that time. In the 12th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1673), with the help of his clan, he unexpectedly got permission from each room to study in the pavilion. Six years later, he wrote the Book Secretary of Tianyi Pavilion, which made great contributions to the cataloging of Tianyi Pavilion's books.

Look, this is a bookshelf. "There are doors in front and back, and bookcases on both sides to keep out the wind." . The ventilation of houses and bookcases is an innovation. The most striking thing about the protection of ancient books is to push rue to avoid smoking and push stone to absorb moisture. Not only do you smell the fragrance? This is rue herb, which is a kind of book insect repellent commonly used by ancient people. Fan Qin made good use of this technology in his book collection, but the grass he used was original, a kind of vanilla produced in Guangxi. And "putting a stone under the cabinet to collect moisture" is an original creation of Fan Qin, and no other library has used this method. Tianyi Pavilion

Fan Qin adopted the theory that "water falls from the sky" and built a library with the meaning of aquatic fire. He thinks that books are most afraid of fire, while water can resist fire. There is a big room upstairs and six rooms downstairs, called Tianyi Pavilion. A pool is dug in front of the pavilion to prevent fire. I don't know if you have noticed that this pillar is black without it! Among the five elements and colors, black is water and water is black. In the 4th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1665), Fan Qin's great-grandson Fan Wenguang built a garden in front of the pavilion. The overall shape of the garden is "Happiness, Luck and Longevity", and the nine lions is made of rocks. Where are these nine lions? You might as well look around! Look at that beautiful woman looking in the mirror. This beautiful woman is money. Beautiful scenery, elegant style, unique characteristics of Jiangnan courtyard garden.

Tianyi Pavilion has experienced many disasters in its long history. Although the submission in Qianlong period was a great contribution to the compilation of Sikuquanshu, among the 638 precious ancient books submitted, very few were really returned. Although Gan Long repeatedly warned the handlers not to detain and ask the books submitted by local book collectors, all the books submitted must be carefully returned after copying, but it was Bachelor Hanlin and local officials who embezzled these books, which was a great blow to Tianyi Pavilion's collection.

In the tenth year of Daoguang reign (1840), the British invaded Ningbo, invaded Tianyi Pavilion and plundered dozens of places. In the 11th year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (186 1), before and after the Taiping Army entered Ningbo, local thieves took advantage of the chaos to tear down the warehouse behind the pavilion and sell it to Fenghua paper merchants at a low price. They also hired a thief, Xue Jiwei, to sneak into the museum, sleep on the beam in the morning to satisfy his hunger with dates, and steal books at night, so that he stole more than 1000 books, and later printed books in business. After the "November 28th Incident" in Shanghai, Hanfen Building was unfortunately destroyed by Japanese bombing, and these scattered documents were also destroyed. After several disasters and sporadic losses, on the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, in addition to the newly collected ancient and modern books of the Qing Dynasty, only 1.3 million volumes were left, only about 1.5 volumes of the original collection, and many of them were moth-eaten and moldy, becoming broken books.