Tongxiang Gong Yu Hotel

Hukou Waterfall is the second largest waterfall in China, and is known as the "Yellow River Wonder".

Don't you see how the water of the Yellow River flows down from the sky? The Yellow River, rolling in from the upper reaches, seems unwilling to bear the surging praise. The huge conveyor belt runs smoothly, and the bell of the flooded kettle mouth is almost silent. Only in vision, the water flows dizzyingly. However, the power of water is fully reflected in the hukou. The 400-meter-wide river suddenly bundled into a column less than 50 meters like a funnel, forming a huge horseshoe-shaped waterfall and falling straight into a stone trough 30 meters deep. It's really "the Yellow River in the world".

Hukou Waterfall is located in the Grand Canyon 48 kilometers east of Yichuan County. Hexi belongs to Hukou Township, Yichuan County, Shaanxi Province, and Hedong is connected with Jixian County, Shanxi Province. It is the only yellow waterfall on the Yellow River, centering on Hukou Waterfall, integrating Yellow River Canyon, Loess Plateau and Guyuan Village, showing the magnificent natural landscape and colorful historical and cultural accumulation in the Yellow River Basin. 1988 was identified as a national key scenic spot, 199 1 was rated as "the top 40 tourist attractions in China" and was promoted to a national geological park in 2002.

The name hukou has a long history. Gong Yu said: "The whirlpool of the river is like a pot of natural water", hence the name Hukou. "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books" says: "At the foot of Shanxi Cliff, the water of the Yellow River overflows, from top to bottom, like throwing a pot." According to legend, Hukou is the place where Dayu chisels stones to divert water, so the Water Classic Notes says, "Yu governs water, and Hukou begins."

Hukou Waterfall is a flowing waterfall. According to "Shangshu Gong Yu", in about 770 BC, Hukou was next to Mengmen. With the passage of time, the Records of Yuanhe County, which was completed in August13, records that the hukou is 0/000 steps (1660 meters) away from Mengmen, and now it is in the upper reaches of Mengmen. Move upstream at a speed of about 70cm every year. During the movement of Hukou Waterfall, a dragon trough with a depth of about 60m and a width of about 30-40m was made on this sandstone riverbed. Therefore, Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty wrote in the Notes on Water Classics: "Water can enter the stone without a stone chisel, believe it!"

Hukou Waterfall has a drop of about 30 meters, a maximum width of more than one meter and a maximum waterfall surface of 30,000 square meters. The torrent quickly gathers here, injecting people into deep pools, and the sound is like thunder, which can be heard several kilometers away; The water waves splash violently, stirring up a hundred feet of water column, forming a steaming fog, which really has the potential to hit the shore, emptying the turbid waves and rolling up the long smoke! Every summer and autumn, the rainbow penetrates the clear sky and is particularly beautiful. Its sound, its potential and its scenery can be summarized as "strength, beauty and strangeness", which makes people intoxicated.

The width and height of Hukou Waterfall are not large, but surprisingly, its flow is considerable. In the dry season of winter, the minimum flow is only 150 ~ 300m3/s, at this time, the river freezes and trickles, giving people a sense of beauty; At the beginning of April, as soon as the glacier thawed, the flow suddenly increased to more than 1000 cubic meters per second, up to 8000 cubic meters per second. At this time, a huge stream came crashing down with a lot of ice, such as roaring lions and roaring tigers, which was earth-shattering; In summer, the flow rate increases to 1000 to 2000 cubic meters per second. As the downstream water level drops, the gap increases and the huge waterfall breaks, causing the water column to shoot directly at the pale bend like an arrow. In an instant, the water column turns into tiny water droplets, forming a misty white fog, and occasionally seven-color rainbows appear. In the golden autumn rainy season, thousands of streams and rivers converge, and the river flow increases sharply to more than 3000 cubic meters per second, and all waterfalls are connected together. At this time, Hongbo roared, the torrent rolled, and the sound was like thunder. The scene was extremely spectacular.

Due to natural ecological reasons, the Yellow River is yellow and turbid, which constitutes a harmonious natural beauty with the environmental colors of the surrounding plateau canyons. The coastline of the Yellow River is tortuous, the shape of the river surface is changeable, and the water quantity is different in dry season, normal season and high season, forming different spatial feelings. The Yellow River flows through the Qin Jin Gorge, with steep cliffs and stone banks on both sides, which inspires the magnificent scenery of different rivers in the Central Plains. The heroic momentum of "Don't let the Yellow River go, lock the stone gates layer by layer, snow waves fall on the top of your head, and fight for Kun in chaos" gives people a strong feeling that man can conquer nature.

Hukou Waterfall of the Yellow River has become a rare waterfall in the world because of its unique erosivity and latent nature. The types of geological relics in the park are complete, clear and large-scale, typical, scientific and ornamental. The valley landforms here are: Hukou Waterfall, Gully (Qin Jin Canyon, Shililong Trough), River Island (Mengmenlidui Mountain), Vortex Cave, Water Erosion Dent, Side Erosion Cave, Steep Wall Falling into Water and Funnel; Differential erosion phenomena and river erosion landforms include: suspended valley, gully at the bottom of tributary and submerged gully; Gravity erosion landforms include: landslide, collapse, landslide, Fangshan landform, etc. Other types of stratigraphic profiles, insect trace fossils, plant fossils, joints, turtle cracks, erosion platforms, sedimentary structures and other geological relics are even rarer. Therefore, in 2002, Hukou Waterfall officially entered the ranks of national geological parks.

The natural landscape and human landscape of Hukou Scenic Area are magical, magnificent and unpredictable, which can be summarized as "Ten Scenes of Hukou".

The first scene is called the suspended flow of the Tianhe River: the Yellow River falls at the mouth of Hukou with a drop of 40 meters, forming a precipice, mountains flying and sea standing, and the thousands of feet is blurred by wind and rain, which is an earth-shattering river waterfall spectacle.

The second scene is called Ice Waterfall Yinchuan: In winter, the ice and snow are frozen, and the waterfall is covered with ice, wrapped in silver, which is full of fun. In spring, the Yellow River thaws and the ice collapses. The ice is as small as a cow, as big as a house, and as spectacular as a landslide.

The third scene is called Yellow River Thunder: Yichuan folk proverb says "There is thunder at the mouth of a pot in one mile". When a jar was poured into the flood, the power of hosts aroused earth-shattering thunder, and you could hear the roar from miles away. Artists call it "The Yellow River is roaring" and "The Yellow River is roaring". If Hukou Waterfall is compared to the heart of the Yellow River, then the sound of waves is its heart sound.

The fourth scene is called rainbow flying: at sunrise, there is a rainbow flying frame over Hukou, just like Xianqiao. The ancient poem chants, "There are stone waves underwater, and there is no rain on the shore to hang Changhong".

The fifth scene is called smoke at the bottom of the pot: the waterfall goes down and stirs up clouds of water mist, just like yellow smoke at the bottom of the pot. The ancient poem goes: "Collect a pot of water and let the clouds fly for half a day."

The sixth scene is called Shili Dragon Trough: According to legend, when Dayu was controlling water, a dragon helped him to cut a stone trough to divert the flood, which formed today's Shili Dragon Trough. Due to the huge scouring force of the waterfall, a long and narrow stone ditch was washed out on the hard rock for 5 kilometers.

The seventh scene is called "Lie Zhen Kuang Liu": Looking down from the Yellow River Bridge at the junction of Qin Jin, the dragon groove rushed out by the river suddenly becomes clear. Where the water surface gradually widens, a huge reef stands in the middle of the river, looking down like a door, looking sideways like a boat and looking up like a mountain. It's actually an island in the Yellow River. It stands in the middle stream and cuts the river, which is the legendary Mengmen Mountain, where the rocks are cut by jade. According to legend, when Dayu was in charge of water control, he first dug the first "Longkou" underground hole to stop the flood, and called it Mengmen. So far, there are four scarlet letters, one meter square, written by the chief of Jin Ming, "Lie Zhen Kuang Liu". If the river falls, these four words will come out of the water for tourists to watch. According to folklore, it is a sacred stone that never goes out and is quite spiritual.

The eighth scene is called "jathyapple Dream": It is said that a state official was sent to Beijing in ancient times. At that time, the land was underdeveloped, so he had to go down the Yellow River by boat. The ship arrived at the foot of Mengmen Mountain, and it was dusk, so it landed. In the evening, he climbed Mengmen Mountain and looked at the night view of this small island of the Yellow River. He saw the bright moon hanging high and reflected in the river, which was very beautiful. He climbed to the top of the mountain to see the scenery, and he was full of interest, so he sang the poem "The mountain moves with the waves, and the moon shines on the waves". After a sleep, the boatman dreamed that the bright moon had entered the boat. The next morning, the assistants got up early to interpret his dreams. One of them said: "Mengmen is the upper entrance of Longmen, and it is a good omen for carp yue longmen to dream of getting on the boat on the moon." Later, the state official was promoted. It is said that the four Chinese characters on the boulder were written by him and ordered to be engraved. Therefore, people also call this misty mountain MengMeng Mountain.

The ninth scene is called Shiwo Baojing: On the stone dikes on both sides of Hukou, there are countless Shiwo with different sizes and shapes. The cave is formed by the river hitting the stone dike for a long time and bypassing the valley of the river bed, so it is mostly round, which shows the power of nature. According to folklore, these caves are the horseshoe prints left by Dayu when he was in charge of water control, so they are also called "Shijiu Fairy Traces". In fact, these caves were not artificially dug, but were eroded by the impact of floods and rapids on stones for thousands of years. So each pit is extremely smooth from the pit edge to the pit wall, and there is a round stone in each cave. In the Ming Dynasty, someone wrote a poem praising: "There is a rabbit shadow in the sky at the bottom of the river, but there is no toad light hidden in the mountains. Because of its Mengmen mirror, Yan E wears makeup at night. "

The tenth scene is called dry land navigation: it is a unique shipping mode in Hukou area. The navigation in Shanxi-Shaanxi Gorge is inconvenient. The cargo was unloaded at the mouth of the lake, and the empty ship landed several miles at Fitzcalado. After crossing the mouth of the lake, the boat is loaded with water, and then it goes down to Yumenkou to sell the goods together with the boat. The boatman returned upstream by land.

In the face of this surging Hukou Waterfall and all kinds of strange illusions, everyone will certainly have heartfelt admiration for the Great Yellow River and add a strong sense of national pride. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, revolutionary poets were brilliant, and musicians washed away all the stars. It was inspired by this magnificent Yellow River scene that The Yellow River Cantata was written to inspire people's fighting spirit. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, many literary and art workers put it on the screen as a film and television lens to reflect the great image of the Chinese nation and the indomitable revolutionary spirit.

Standing on the edge of Hukou Waterfall, an impulse also arises spontaneously. You see, turbid yellow and huge water waves are rising into the sky, and white fog clouds are rising. On both sides, there are gullies carved with water, and all are dark brown slates, which overlap like telling a long-term scare. Turbid Yellow River water, like rolling silks and satins, pours down from the top of the waterfall. The lettering on silk and satin is the ripple of flowers rolled up behind the high-speed ship when it is driving in the blooming sea of flowers. This is a bold shape, showing extraordinary brilliance. Facing such water, human eyes will never be as satisfied as facing the endless sea, so we just wander on the shore countless times. No one knows how long it took, and our clothes were all wet. It is the water mist that tirelessly stays on people's faces and bodies, moistening them, while the river that flies down the hukou rushes into the narrow and deep "Shililong Gully", almost becoming an undercurrent in the overlapping stone walls. Our Yellow River, so wide and so swift, left in such a hurry.

In recent years, in order to meet the needs of domestic and foreign tourists, the Yan 'an Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government has invested heavily in improving Hukou's tourism infrastructure, and added some sightseeing projects, such as the statue of Dayu in Mengmen Mountain, the octagonal Wang Longting, the Yellow River turning to Jiuqu and the night view of Hukou. Helicopter sightseeing projects are being planned recently. The road has been rebuilt and the roadside has been afforested. Pear orchards and apple orchards abound, and a three-star standard Guanbaofang Hotel has been built. Living in a spacious and bright room, listening to the sound of waterfalls, tasting the big carp of the Yellow River, drinking the wine of Ganquan and roaring to take a trip to northern Shaanxi is almost like being in a fairyland.

Hukou Waterfall attracts China people with its profound philosophical connotation. People regard it as a spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation's self-improvement and high spirits, and call it "soul of china". Many athletes fight against whitewater here, carry forward China's prestige and create the best in China:

1September, 1987, Ren Lai, a member of the Yellow River drifting expedition, took a sealed cabin made of 40 automobile tires and went down the river, which opened the prelude to Hukou human sports exploration and was called "the first drifting of the Yellow River". Later, Zhang Zhiqiang, a Tianjin warrior, jumped on the Yellow River Bridge and was called "the first jump in China".

In August, 1996, Fengjiushan, Henan Province, crossed Hukou by tightrope, setting the Guinness World Record for the longest tightrope walking at high altitude, and was praised as "the first walk in China".

On June 1997 and 1 day, in order to welcome the return of Hong Kong, Ke Shouliang, the "Asia's first airman", set a world record for flying cars with the largest span in the world and was called "the world's first flight". The huge advertisement of PICC Property Insurance Co., Ltd.' s on-site title was included in the Guinness Book of World Records, and another new world record was created at the same time.

On June 20th, 1999, Zhu Chaohui, a young farmer from Jixian County, Shanxi Province, flew over Hukou by motorcycle, creating a new miracle.

The creation of these miracles, coupled with the breathtaking Hukou Waterfall, is the best reward for raising our mother river.