Historical evolution of book provinces in Lingbei and other places

Causes and influence of Jianling's northbound travel

From Genghis Khan to Mongolia (1206 ~ 1259), Mobei area is the inland of the Great Mongolian Khanate. 1260, staying in the location of Ali Bug, Hala, Helin and Khan in the capital, which is reported to be Mobei. Kublai Khan is still sweating on his own in Kaiping City, which is said to be in the south of the desert. After four years of battle for position, Ali Buge was defeated and Mobei was all owned by Kublai Khan. Because Kublai Khan's political, military and economic power was established in monaghan, he no longer took Helinger as the capital, but moved the capital to Yanjing (later called Dadu). As the political center moved southward, Mobei became the border area of Yuan Dynasty, which was only guarded by Marshal's House, the capital of Lin Xuanwei. However, as the "fundamental place" of Mongolian rulers, Mobei area still plays an important role in politics and military affairs. Although Ali Bug was defeated, Mungo and Ali Bug's sons were still scattered in the same place. Sun Hai of Wokuotai stood on the west side of Mount Tai (now Altai Mountain) and refused to obey orders. They don't want to lose the sweat of their parents and grandparents. Kublai Khan must control Mobei in order to maintain the stability of sweat level. In the third year of Zhiyuan (1266), Prince Namuhan was made King of Beiping and went out of the city to the north. In the seventh year of the Republic of China, he was appointed as Yilan, in charge of the northwest departments such as Geely Keith. In eight years, Namuhan led the armies of the kings of Mobei to Ali Muli to prevent and contain the sea; In the thirteenth year, the kings of the army led by the son of Mongolia, Siriji, launched a rebellion, embracing Namuhan and worshipping Siriji as Khan. According to Mobei, west of Girigi, attack Helin and its east area in the following year. Kublai Khan sent Bo Yan, Mongolian and Han troops to the north, putting down the rebellion in Li Ji in the past. In twenty-one years, Namuhan returned to Korea, changed to King Bei 'an, stayed in Mobei, and sent troops to guard Mount Tai, wasteland and forest, calling Hai (now the eastern part of Kobdo, Mongolia) a food army to prevent Haidong from invading. In twenty-four years, Naiyan contacted the Mobei vassal king to rebel, and the Yuan army concentrated in the east to suppress the rebels. In twenty-five years, Haidu crossed Mount Tai and occupied the sea. The following year, the Yuan army was defeated in Hanghailing (now Hang Gai Mountain in Mongolia), and the soldiers forced the forest. And emissary Lin Xuanwei rebelled against the sea. In July, Kublai Khan led an army to make a personal expedition, recovered the dense forest, and took Bo Yan as the Privy Council to curb the dense forest. Chincha generals Bo Yan and Tu Tu Ha attacked Haidu troops and drove them out of Mount Itai. In twenty-nine years, due to the death of Namuhan, Kublai Khan made Emperor Sun Ganma king of Jin, and ordered him to command Simoer of Genghis Khan and all Mongolian soldiers and civilians in Mobei to be stationed in Damoer of Qielanlian River (now Krulun River). The following year, timur was ordered to guard Mount Tai; Tu Tu's army was sent to recover all the land in Gillikis. Thirty-one years, Kublai Khan died and timur acceded to the throne. It is for Yuan Chengzong timur, whose uncle, King Ningyuan, enclosed the garrison troops. In the second year of Dade (1298), the Guangjun army was destroyed by Duwa, and Haishan, a nephew of the Sect, went out of the city to crush Mount Tai. In five years, Haidu and Tuwa allied forces invaded Mobei eastward, and Haishan and Ganma armies refused to fight, and Haidu was injured and died. After that, Du Wa and Hai Duzi were exhausted and asked for peace. In ten years, Haishan led an army across Mount Yitai and invaded the Wokuotai khanate. Chahar was defeated and fled, and he divided the land in Ye Er Shihe (now 274 River) and merged into the Yuan Dynasty. At this point, Mobei was calm.

After the destruction of Haidu, a large number of people under his rule moved to Mobei, reaching more than one million, and the population of Mobei surged, so it was necessary to establish corresponding administrative institutions for governance. On the other hand, there are many kings in Mobei area, and they also need the control of more powerful court officials to strengthen centralization and prevent the rebellion from happening again. In the eleventh year of Dade, Haishan ascended the throne with the power of heavily guarding Mobei, which was used by Yuan Wuzong. He knew the importance of controlling Mobei, that is, setting up a book province in Helin and other places, with a surname yuechi county Chaer as the right prime minister of the province, a teacher Harahasun as the left prime minister of the province, and all the kings and thousands of households in Mobei were controlled by him. At the same time, the Governor's Office of Helin Road was set up, and another propaganda department was set up to take charge of the western border of the province. In the first year of the Qing Dynasty (13 12), Lingbei and other places were changed to Zhongshu Province, and Helin was renamed Hening, which was still under the jurisdiction of the provinces. Provincial jurisdiction, east to Hala Wenshan (now Daxing 'anling), and then Liaoyang Province; West to the Shihe River in Ye Er, connecting Qincha khanate and Chagatai khanate; The southern desert borders Zhongshu Province and Gansu Province. From the north to the North Sea (now northern Siberia) and the Arctic Ocean, all the forest tribes belonging to the Yuan Dynasty were under the jurisdiction.