Linyi City, Shandong Province, 20 1 1 Chinese answers to the junior high school graduation level examination

20 1 1 Linyi junior high school students' academic examination questions

language

Precautions:

1. This volume is *** 10 page, the total score is 120 points, and the examination time is 120 minutes.

2. Fill in the items in the sealing line and the seat number clearly before answering the questions.

3. Multiple choice questions, fill in the serial number in the air after choosing the answer.

I. Cumulative use (17 points)

1.2011May16th, the 4th Zhuge Liang Culture Festival was held in yinan county, Linyi. At the cultural festival, people once again recited the famous sentence in Zhuge Liang's Book of Commandments-not indifferent, not clear, not quiet, not far away. Please copy this famous saying of Tian Zi. I believe you can write correctly, normally and beautifully. (2 points)

2. Of the following words, all the words and phonetic symbols are correct () (2 points).

A. Pickpocketing at Station (zh) (bā) (shí) came to an abrupt end (jiá)

B. Laugh at (chθ) vegetable fields (qθ) beware of (dθ) creepy (sǒng)

C haze (mái), yin (pü), willfulness (suí) and deep-rooted (dü)

D. blasphemy (xié) imprisonment (gü) absorption (jǐ) improvisation (yü ng)

There is a typo in each of the following groups of words. Please mark it with a horizontal line and correct it in the box. (2 points)

A. brand-new, a group of people are so beautiful that they are sleepy.

Accelerated business collection and delivery system (adopted by the United States post office)

B. flustered, scared, in full view, it's incredible.

C. rhyme with rhyme, and it will be better to make a sharp edge.

D. Seriously, it's clever and equally important.

4. Write ancient poems by heart (8 points)

⑴《lt； The ten clauses in The Analects of Confucius explain the dialectical relationship between learning and thinking:

(2) Zhou Dunyi in "love lotus" and "near the ink is black" the opposite statement is:

(3) Bai Juyi shows the scenery of early spring by describing the happy and busy life of birds in Qiantang Spring Tour.

(4) Chengdu Du Fu Caotang has a couplet: "The poet is always wet with tears, but Du Lao is not old; I have lived in a thatched cottage, and I hope people live in spacious buildings. My heart is pure. " The poems contained in Du Fu's second couplet are:,.

Reading poetry can not only cultivate sentiment and enlighten people's wisdom, but also comprehend philosophy and make people think deeply. Please write four famous poems containing philosophy silently, and indicate the author in brackets (both in and out of class). (4 points)

① , 。 ( )

② , 。 ( )

③ , 。 ( )

④ , 。 ( )

5. Read famous books (3 points)

He is a "resolute, silent and lively" first-class driver. He struggled for the minimum right to live, and finally embarked on the road of self-destruction.

He is a Liangshan hero, known as the "black whirlwind" in the Jianghu, waving an axe and being extremely brave. Find it on time, make a scene in Tokyo, tear up the imperial edict, and kill the imperial envoys. ...

He comes from a middle-class family in England and has longed for an adventurous life since he was a child. He lived a primitive life on an uninhabited desert island for 28 years.

(1) Works:; "He" is called.

(2) Works: "He" is called.

(3) Works: "He" is called.

Second, classical Chinese reading (13)

Read the following two excerpts from classical Chinese and do questions 6-9.

On the night of 20061October 12, Jia Yuanfeng undressed and wanted to sleep. He entered the house in the moonlight and set off happily. People who have nothing to do go to Chengtian Temple to find Zhang Huaimin. People didn't sleep, so we walked in the yard together. In the moonlight, the courtyard is full of clear water, as clear as clear water. The algae and shepherd's purse in the water are the shadows of bamboo and cypress. What night is there no moonlight? Where is there no bamboo and cypress? It's just the lack of free people like us.

(From Night Tour of Chengtian Temple)

People who walk happily swim in the lake, stopping at noon, stopping at noon and stopping at noon. As a matter of fact, the work of dyeing the lake green and the beauty of Shan Lan's coloring started from Asahi, and it was extremely charming before evening. Moonlight is particularly indescribable. Flowers fall and willows fall, and mountains are high and water is long, which is a kind of interest. This music is for the benefit of monks and tourists, how can it be the way of ordinary people?

(Excerpted from The Journey to the West, Yuan Hongdao? Visiting the Six Bridges at Night and Waiting for the Moon ")

6. Explain the words added in the following sentences (2 points)

(1) Enter the house by moonlight. family

(2) Cover with bamboo and cypress. Gai [Source: Xue. Part. Net]

(3) Stop at noon, noon and three o'clock. stop

In fact, the lake was dyed green by the lights. worker

7. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. (4 points)

(1) But there are few idle people like me.

(2) How does Encore serve Shu Ren?

8. What are the sentences describing moonlight in A and B? Both of them are articles about moonlight. What's the difference between them? (5 points)

(1) Prepare monthly report

(2) Description method

9. What kind of life attitude or feelings did the discussion at the end of the two articles reveal respectively? (2 points)

Three, modern reading (40 points)

(1) Read the following article and do the questions 10- 15. (23 points)

Moginoa by the water.

When I was a child, I made a fire in the field and played by the river. I often make a hut out of mud, branches and weeds under a big tree. Sometimes, several children work together and are busy, just like a family is really building a house, with masons, carpenters and laborers on standby. When building it, I imagined the purpose of this house. The house is covered, and everyone's mouth is crackling, indicating that firecrackers are being set off. Then, sit or kneel in front of the hut and watch quietly. Finally leave, the child will take a few steps back, very reluctant. When I get home, I still think about it from time to time. Sometimes after a while, children will come back to watch. Fang Buddha left his home and wandered in the outside world for a while. Now he is back, back to his home and back to his door.

(2) Then there are toys-building blocks.

I built house after house with these blocks of different shapes and colors. Unlike building a house with mud, branches and weeds in the field, I can keep building and push them to build different houses. I am surprised that so many different houses can be built with so many pieces of wood. In addition to building according to the patterns on the drawings, I will also use the flexibility of these building blocks to build one house after another that is not on the drawings. There will always be a time to stop. At that time, I must have an ideal house standing on the bedside table in my heart. No one can move that house, only to enjoy it. Until a hen or a cat jumped on the table and destroyed it. [Source: Xue Ke. com]

A house is a home.

The house is the oldest memory of mankind.

The appearance of the house is related to human understanding of home. Home is shelter, warmth, the place where the soul is placed, and the fundamental reason for the continuation of life. In fact, many things that happen in the world are related to family. Happiness, suffering, rejection, prayer, struggle, retirement, sacrifice, escape, war and peace are all related to home. Thousands of people roared by, screaming and bleeding, just to defend their sacred homeland. Like a bird's nest on the top of a tall locust tree. I still remember a scene I saw when I was a child: a magpie's nest was stabbed to the ground, and countless magpies flew, swooped down and barked, all showing signs of despair. People close to the bird's nest dared to cut it down suddenly, which startled everyone present.

The meaning of home is endless.

When I grew up, my desire to build a house as a child did not fade-not only did it not fade, but my understanding of life became deeper and stronger with my age. It's just that the material has changed, not mud, not branches and weeds, nor building blocks, but words.

Pet-name ruby Wen Lou house, is my refuge-spiritual refuge.

Attending whether happy or painful, I need words. Whether it is expression or appeasement, words will never leave me. Especially when I hit a wall in this world, I need it-the house it built, my home, although sometimes it is just a failure, but after all, I have a place to go-Moginoa. At this time, I will find that the home made of reinforced concrete can only solve some of my problems, not all my problems.

⑾ How many years have passed, how many words have been written and how many books have been published. Actually, it's all about building houses. This house is not only built for yourself, but also-if others don't mind or like it, it can also be used as their own house.

I think other writers are close to words, and my understanding of words is probably the same. The difference is that I grew up by the water, and my house was built by the water.

10. What exactly does "mojinoya" mean? What does the title Mojinoya by the Water mean? (3 points)

1 1. What kind of houses are written in the sketch * * *? How do you express the author's feelings? (4 points)

12. Please understand the meaning of underlined sentences in the text in the context. (4 points)

(1) The house built with words is my refuge-spiritual refuge.

The reinforced concrete home can only solve some of my problems, but it can't solve all my problems.

13. In paragraph ⑾, the author said, "This house was built for myself" and "Yes-if others don't mind or like it, it can be your own house". How to understand the author's statement? (3 points)

14. This article has remarkable features in language and structure. Please give an example to analyze one of them. (4 points)

Language:

Structure:

15. Mojinoya of Bingxin is bright and elegant, crystal clear, shining with the brilliance of love and beauty; Shen Congwen's Mozi House is simple and heavy, picturesque, and exudes a strong local flavor ... Although you haven't established your own Mojinoya, you must have a unique feeling in the process of getting close to the characters. Please write down your feelings and share them with everyone. (5 points)

(2) Read the following article and do 16-20 (17).

Radioisotope-the protagonist of nuclear radiation

Isotopes are elements composed of several atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Because of the same number of protons, their nuclear charges are the same as those of extranuclear electrons, and they have the same configuration of extranuclear electrons. Because the number of electrons in the outermost layer is the same, some physical properties of the nucleus are different, such as radioactivity. Not all isotopes are radioactive. Radioisotopes are called "radioactive isotopes" and those without radioactivity are called "stable isotopes". Most natural elements consist of several isotopes. At present, there are more than 300 known stable isotopes, but there are more than 500 radioactive isotopes/kloc-0.

Generally speaking, metals with large atomic mass, such as plutonium, uranium and radium, are highly radioactive. In the periodic table of chemical elements, actinides, lanthanides and uranium are radioactive. In addition, some isotopes with small atomic mass are also radioactive, such as carbon 14 and cobalt 60.

(3) The nucleus of a radioactive isotope is very unstable, and it constantly emits radiation spontaneously until it becomes another stable isotope. This is called "decay". When a radioactive isotope decays, it can emit α-rays, β-rays and γ-rays, which are harmless to human body, while γ-rays are harmful to human body and induce gene mutation.

(4) The time required for half the nuclei of radioactive elements to decay is called half-life. In other words, the half-life refers to the time required for half of the nuclei in the sample to decay. The half-lives of different radioisotopes vary greatly, from days, hours, minutes, or even less than 1 sec, to thousands, tens of thousands, even hundreds of millions and billions of years. For example, the half-life of iodine 13 1 in nuclear radiation caused by Japan's "3.1"earthquake and tsunami is about 8 days, cesium 137 is 30 years, plutonium 239 is 24,000 years, and uranium 238 is 4.47 billion years. The shorter the half-life, the more unstable its atoms are.

⑤ After several half-lives, the activity of radioisotopes will be reduced to 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 of the initial activity due to decay, and so on. This means that we can predict the residual activity at any time. With the decrease of the number of radioisotopes, the emitted radiation also decreases accordingly.

⑥ Radioactivity released by radioisotopes can destroy living cells and cause great harm to human body, but it can be used to kill microorganisms and cancer cells in medical treatment. Radiation also has a strong penetration ability, which can be used to observe the target inside the solid, just like X-ray is used to check the lesion. In industry, radioactivity also has many uses, such as measuring the thickness of paper with beta rays and checking the internal structure of machines with gamma rays.

Of course, if improperly applied, nuclear radiation will also cause immeasurable losses.

(Selected from Middle School Science and Technology No.5 20 1 1, with deletion)

16. What problems did the selected text explain? Please summarize it in concise language. (3 points)

17. What are the main interpretation methods used in the selection of the article? Please choose an example to illustrate its function. (4 points)

18. Can the words "most" and "now" in the underlined sentence in the first paragraph be deleted? Why? (3 points)

19.

The following statements and inferences are consistent with the original intention () (3 points)

Human gene mutation is caused by gamma rays emitted when radioactive isotopes decay.

B. Metals with large atomic weight and small atomic weight may be radioactive. Generally speaking, metals with large atomic weights are more radioactive.

C in medicine, the radiation released by radioisotopes can be used to kill cancer cells, but it will not cause other harm to human body.

D. Although some radioactive elements have a long half-life, their activities are getting smaller and smaller, so they have little impact on human beings and nature.

A:

20.2011On March 22nd, an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 occurred in Japan. The earthquake destroyed some nuclear reactors in Fukushima, Japan, resulting in nuclear radiation, causing incalculable losses, and also triggered a debate on whether people should continue to develop and utilize nuclear energy. What do you think of this? (4 points)

Four, writing (50 points)

2 1. Read the following words about "honesty" and write them as required.

Treat people with sincerity and everyone respects them; Everything is done with sincerity.

Losing honesty is equivalent to the enemy destroying himself.

Sow the seeds of honesty, and you will not only gain the trust of your friends, but also gain trusted friends.

Honesty is a traditional virtue, a symbol of civilization and the foundation of civilized life.

Please write an article on the topic of "Keeping Honesty".

Tips and requirements

(1) Connect with real life and express your true feelings. (2) Except for poetry, the style is not limited. (3) About 600 words. (4) There must be no real place names, school names or names in the text.

Reference answer:

One,

1. Hint: 2 points for this question. 2 points for correct, standard and beautiful writing, otherwise 1 point will be deducted; Don't score if there are typos.

2. B (2 points)

3. A. Born in B. (Zhang) Huang C. Graduated from D. (2 points, corrected 1 no point, corrected 2-3 with 1 point, corrected 4 with 2 points. )

4.( 1) Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous. (2) Mud is not stained, and it is clear but not demon. (3) A few early-rising warblers compete for warm trees, whose new swallow pecks at spring mud. (4) Ten thousand buildings are happy for the poor in the world. (5) For example: (1) How can the canal be unblocked? If you want to have a source of living water (Zhu), there is no way to doubt the heavy water, and there is another village. I lived in the highest realm (Wang Anshi), Qian Fan on the edge of China, and Wan Muchun (Liu Yuxi) in front of the sick tree. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but you only lived in this mountain (Su Shi), but you broadened your horizons by three hundred miles and went up a flight of stairs (Wang Zhihuan). Finally, you felt like an armchair strategist.

5.① Camel Xiangzi ② Water Margin or Water Margin Li Kui jy③ Robinson Crusoe.

6.( 1) Windows (2) was initially (3) Only, but (4) was wonderful.

7.( 1) It's just the lack of leisure people like us. How can you tell those secular people?

8.( 1) The lower courtyard of Jiating is as empty as water, and the water is covered with bamboo and cypress. The moon shadow in February is particularly interesting, because it is full of flowers and willows and the mountains are full of water. ⑵ A combines direct description with indirect description, describing the clarity and transparency of moonlight through metaphor, and indirectly writing the brightness of moonlight through the shadow of bamboo and cypress. The second chapter indirectly shows the different taste of moonlight by describing the scenery under the moon.

9. Wen Jia shows the author's bold and broad-minded attitude towards life, and also implies the inner sadness and masturbation after being demoted. The second part shows the author's feelings of enjoying the natural landscape without going along with the secular world.

Third,

10. "Mojinoya" in this paper refers to the spiritual home built by the author with words, that is, his own works. Mojinoya by the Water not only points out that the author lives in a water town, but also shows that the work describes his familiar hometown life, with unique content and distinctive features.

1 1. wrote three kinds of houses, namely: houses built with mud, branches and weeds in the field when I was a child; Later, houses built with building blocks; A house created by words in adulthood is a work. Express nostalgia for childhood life full of childlike innocence through mud hut; Express inner surprise and creative joy through the wooden house; Mojinoya (that is, his works) expressed his love and deep love for writing.

12.( 1) My elaborate works are my spiritual home, where I can express my happiness and pain and comfort my broken heart. The real "home" can provide me with a place to live, solve the problem of food and clothing, let my tired body rest, but it can't appease the trauma of my heart. As a spiritual home, going to Mojinoya can give me spiritual sustenance and comfort.

13. The works carefully created by "I" are my spiritual refuge, which is used by "I" to bear the joys and sorrows, soothe the trauma of the soul, and readers who like "I" works can also get emotional and spiritual sustenance from it.

14. Key points: Linguistically, the language of this article is concise, cordial, delicate and vivid (examples are omitted). Structurally, the author wrote three kinds of houses in chronological order, from tangible houses to intangible houses, with clear organization and clever conception.

15. Hint: This question is 5 points, so you can talk about your feelings about writing based on your own writing experience. If your point of view is clear, you will get 3 points, and if your sentence is fluent, you will get 2 points. Otherwise, score according to the answer. )

16.( 1) Radioisotope (2) Half-life of Radioisotope (3) Application of radiation

17. List figures, give examples, explain and compare. Example 1. Column number. For example, most natural elements are composed of several isotopes. At present, there are more than 300 known stable isotopes, and more than 500 radioactive isotopes are/kloc-0. Function: By enumerating figures, the characteristics of more radioactive isotopes than stable isotopes are accurately and concretely explained. 2. Give an example. For example, the half-life of iodine 13 1 in nuclear radiation caused by Japan's "3.1"earthquake and tsunami is about 8 days, cesium 137 is 30 years, plutonium 239 is 24,000 years, and uranium 238 is 4.47 billion years. Function: List typical cases, speak with facts, and more specifically and truly explain the characteristics of different radioactive isotopes with large half-lives, which is convenient for readers to understand. 3. Make an interpretation. For example, an isotope is an element composed of several atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Function: Through interpretation, the characteristics of isotopes with the same proton number but different neutron number are explained, which is convenient for readers to understand.

18. Cannot delete. "Most" is limited in scope, the explanation is not all, "Now" is limited in time, and the explanation is only the discovery now. If these two words are removed, the explanation is not accurate enough.

19.B。

20. Tip: The development and utilization of nuclear energy has many advantages: it does not produce air pollution like fossil fuels such as coal and oil. It will not emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. However, the development and utilization of each energy source is accompanied by various drawbacks, such as the nuclear radiation brought by the Fukushima nuclear power plant. Science is a double-edged sword with both advantages and disadvantages. As long as we respect and believe in science, we can develop and utilize nuclear energy well.

Fourth,

2 1 Divided into five categories in terms of content, language, structure and writing, and scored according to the following criteria:

Class paper: 45-50 points. The center is prominent, relevant to the theme and substantial in content; Accurate language and fluent writing; The structure is complete and distinct; Write correctly, neatly and clearly. Up and down on the basis of 47 points.

Class II papers: 38-44 points. The center is very clear. Specific content: fluent language, complete structure and clear hierarchy; The font is correct, and the typos and punctuation errors are below 3. Up and down based on 4 1

Three kinds of papers: 30-37 points. The center is clear and the content is more specific; The language is basically fluent, with occasional language barriers; The structure is basically complete and the level is clear; /kloc-handwriting, typos and punctuation errors below 0/0 are clear. Up and down at 34 o'clock.

Four types of papers: 2 1-29 points. The center is not clear and the content is not specific; There are more language diseases; The level is not clear enough; The handwriting is scrawled, and there are many typos and punctuation errors. Up and down at 25 o'clock.

Five types of papers: less than 20 points. Seriously deviate from the meaning of the question; Unreasonable arts and sciences; Structural confusion; The handwriting is ugly, illegible, and there are many typos. I can't use punctuation.

Description:

1. After the total score of the candidates' compositions is given according to the above-mentioned grading standards, any composition of Class I and II meets one of the following requirements; (1) Profound (2) Rich (3) Literature and Art (4) Innovative, add 2-5 points on the basis of the points given, but the total score is at most 50 points.

2.2 Read the teacher in groups and comment on the candidates' compositions independently. After each candidate's composition score is given, take the average score [where the score of 0.5 is 1, and when the scores given by the two people differ by more than 5 points (including 5 points), the marking team leader will coordinate and evaluate to determine the deserved score] and record it in the test paper table.