What is the exploded view of a solar water heater?

Schematic diagram of the natural circulation heat collection principle of solar water heaters:

1. Heat absorption process

Evacuated tube solar water heater: Solar radiation passes through the outer tube of the vacuum tube, and then After being absorbed by the heat collecting coating, the water is transferred to the tube along the inner tube wall. At this time, the water is heated and the temperature gradually increases. The specific gravity decreases and rises, forming an upward force and forming a thermosiphon system. As the hot water continues to move up and be stored in the upper part of the water storage tank, at the same time, the lower temperature water is continuously replenished along the other side of the pipe and so on. Eventually, the entire tank of water rises to a certain temperature.

Flat-plate solar water heater: The medium circulates naturally in the heat collecting plate due to thermal siphon, and then transmits the solar radiation heat to the water tank in time. The medium can also achieve heat transfer through pump circulation, so there is a continuous flow. people can keep the water temperature stable.

2. Circulation pipeline

For vacuum tube solar water heaters with a direct plug-in structure, hot water is powered by gravity; however, the flat-plate type is powered by the pressure of tap water. power. However, both solar central heating systems use pump circulation. Due to the small heat collection area of ??solar water heaters, pipe circulation is generally not used due to heat loss.

3. System operation

1) Temperature difference control heat collection cycle

The collector temperature detector and water temperature sensor are placed in the solar hot water floor heating system After it can absorb solar radiation well, the temperature of the collector tube will rise. Then when the temperature difference between the collector temperature and the water tank temperature reaches the △t set value, an instruction will be issued through the detection system, and the circulation pump will circulate the cold water in the central water heater. It is input into the collector, but after the water is heated, it returns to the water tank again, so that the water in the water tank reaches the set temperature.

2) Floor heating pipe circulation system

This system adds a hot water circulation pump as a different point, and then uses the controller to better control the floor heating pipe circulation as a working principle. Then, when the water temperature reaches the set temperature, the floor heating circulation pump is automatically started, so that the high-temperature water circulates indoors through the floor heating coil, thereby continuously increasing the indoor temperature. If the water temperature in the water tank begins to fall below a certain set value, it is best to automatically stop the floor heating pipe circulation pump.

Structure diagram of solar water heater:

Installation of solar water heater

Preparation work

(1) Prepare construction tools. For example: screwdriver, wrench, electric drill, etc.

(2) Open the water heater package and check whether the accessories are complete according to the packing list. 1) The number of vacuum tubes is complete and intact; 2) The electric heating is intact; 3) The water tank body is dented; 4) The supporting accessories are complete; 5) The packaging of the controller is intact, etc.

1. Installation bracket

(1) Installation location selection. Generally, it is chosen on the roof. The direction is north to south, 5 to 10 degrees west of south to ensure there is no obstruction. The number of pipes entering the home should also be reduced to increase the number of hours of sunlight.

(2) Assemble the bracket. During installation, you should assemble the front and rear pieces together according to the instructions, and then use a wrench to tighten the screws until there is no looseness. Then support the front and rear pieces sideways for structural reinforcement.

(3) After installing the water tank and vacuum pipe, check all the screws and tighten them again.

2. Fixed brackets

Generally, cement piers, expansion bolts or wire rope fixed brackets are used. Of course, you need to choose the best fixing method based on your own roof conditions. Wire rope fixing method: Put the wire rope or large steel bars on the left and right frames of the front bracket and the left and right U-rings of the barrel support, and tighten them with nuts. Stretch the four connected steel wire ropes or steel bars toward the four corners of the water heater, and place them on the parapet or other Select an appropriate location, drill holes and press the expansion hook, and firmly connect the wire rope or steel bar to the corresponding U-shaped ring of the expansion hook.

3. Install water tank

(1) Installation of electric heating.

First, open the dust-proof insulation cover of the electric heating port, loosen the screws inside, then pry open the plug at the bottom, check the built-in sealing rubber ring to see if it is tight, then put the built-in electric heating rod in, and restore it after it is tight. Tighten the bolts.

(2) First place the water tank on the assembled bucket support, connect the water tank and the bucket support with bolts, and tighten the connecting nuts between the shelf and the bucket support so that the two ends of the water tank are in contact with the left and right ends of the bracket The distance is equal and the center line of the vacuum tube is parallel to the plane of the front bracket. Then put the silicone sealing ring into the flange hole of the inner barrel and lay it flat.

4. Installation of vacuum tubes

(1) Installation of tube holders. Install the vacuum tube holder first, then install the lower part of the collector tube, and install the tube holder at the designated position of the bracket.

(2) Intubation. First check the sealing silicone ring covering the liner of the insulated water tank, then check whether the tail corner of the vacuum tube is damaged, then check the transparency of the mercury-like coating, and check whether there are processing burrs and roundness at the tube mouth. Insert the outer sealing ring of the vacuum tube about 15cm into the vacuum tube, fully wet the mouth of the tube with soapy water, and hold the tail end of the vacuum tube with your right hand. One is to protect the tail corner of the process, and the other is to facilitate intubation. Insert the vacuum tube vertically to the nozzle, push it into the water tank with even force and gentle rotation, then return the tube seat after insertion, thus completing the installation of all vacuum tubes in sequence.

5. Connect hot and cold water pipes

(1) Wrap tape around the water inlet and outlet, then install the pipe fittings and connect them to the special solar pipes.

(2) The electric heating tape is tightly attached to the outer wall of the pipe and tied tightly with a sticky tie.

(3) Install the sensor in the water level gauge hole of the water tank mall, and use thick polyethylene rubber and plastic pipes for insulation on the outside of the pipe.

(4) The water supply to the solar water tank is connected to tap water.

6. Wiring

(1) Electric heating wiring. The red wire is the live wire, the two-color wire is the ground wire, and the remaining one is the neutral wire. Peel off the skin to expose about 2cm of copper wire, and put it on a heat shrink tube for insulation and dustproofing. Then connect the power cord and these three wires in matching colors, connect them firmly, and wrap them uniformly with waterproof insulating tape from the outside to avoid short circuits.

(2) Electric heating tape wiring. Cut a bevel on the end of the electric heating tape so that its two wires are relatively far apart to avoid short circuiting the link. Wrap it with insulating tape to fully insulate it, align the end of the electric heating tape with the end of the pipe, and fix it on the pipe with insulating tape so that it is close to the pipe wall. The other end is the intelligent controller terminal. If there is a booster water pump, the water pump wiring is connected in parallel with the electric heat tracing.

7. Install intelligent controller

(1) Positioning. Drill holes on the indoor side wall, insert the plastic expansion tube, and install the fixed base of the measuring and control instrument on the wall.

(2) Connect the sensor signal line and the signal line interface of the control box according to the markings and insert them securely.

(3) The constant temperature water mixing solenoid valve should be installed horizontally, and the wiring of the solenoid valve should be connected to the wiring terminals on the control box.

8. Debugging and operation

After the installation is completed, turn on the power of the controller and run it.