A composition that combines knowledge and action.

In the third year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty (1508), Wang Shouren, a psychologist, gave a lecture at Guiyang Institute of Civilization, and put forward the theory of the unity of knowing and doing for the first time. The so-called "integration of knowledge and practice" is not a general relationship between understanding and practice. "Knowledge" mainly refers to people's moral consciousness and thought. "Doing" mainly refers to people's moral practice and practical actions. Therefore, the relationship between knowing and doing, that is, the relationship between moral consciousness and moral practice, also includes the relationship between some thoughts and practical actions. Wang Shouren's thought of "unity of knowledge and action" includes the following two meanings. 1, there is a line in knowledge, and there is knowledge in the line. Wang Shouren believes that knowledge and action are the same thing, and cannot be divided into two parts. "Knowing and doing are two words, and it takes time to say it." From the perspective of moral education, Wang Shouren strongly opposes the disconnection between knowledge and practice and "knowing but not acting" in moral education, and it is of positive significance to put all morality on personal conscious action. Because from the perspective of moral education, moral consciousness can not be separated from moral behavior, and moral behavior can not be separated from moral consciousness. The two are inseparable. Knowledge must be manifested in action, and failure cannot be regarded as real knowledge. Moral knowledge and moral consciousness must be manifested as moral behavior. If you don't act, it can't be regarded as real knowledge. Wang Shouren thought: Conscience is everything, but conscious action means knowing. This is undoubtedly profound. 2. Do what you know, do what you know. Wang Shouren said: "knowing is the idea of doing, and doing is the work of knowing;" Knowing is the beginning of doing, and doing is the achievement of knowing. " It means that morality is the guiding ideology of human behavior, and it is time to achieve "conscience" and act according to the requirements of morality. Ideological activity under the guidance of morality is the beginning of behavior, and behavior that meets the requirements of moral norms is the completion of "conscience" [edit this paragraph]. Background: The theory of unity of knowledge and action is mainly aimed at Zhu's learning, which is opposite to Zhu's thought. Oppose Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism's theory of "dichotomy of knowing and doing, thinking that you must be a prophet and then you can do it" and the resulting style of study of "valuing knowledge but neglecting action". Zhu Cheng Neo-Confucianism, including Lu Jiuyuan, advocates "knowing after the prophet", divides knowledge into two parts, and holds that knowledge must be known before it can be practiced. In order to save Zhu Xuezhi's deviation, Wang Shouren advocated the unity of knowing and doing. [Edit this paragraph] The theory of the integration of knowledge and practice in theoretical analysis deepens the relationship between consciousness and practice of moral consciousness, overcomes the shortcomings of Zhu Prophet, but at the same time obliterates the epistemological elements in Zhu Zhihang's theory. Although Wang Shouren's point of view is beneficial to moral cultivation, it ignores the study of objective knowledge, resulting in the abuse of Wang Xuedi's willful abandonment of school in the future. Thinkers in the early Qing Dynasty even attributed Ming's death to Wang Xuedi's shortcomings. In this way, Wang Yangming replaced the reasonable aspect of "doing" with ideas, requiring people to establish a belief that they should act according to the principle of "good" at the beginning of their ideological activities, and eliminate evil and good at the beginning, which is also called "unity of knowledge and action". Therefore, we should fully understand the "unity of knowledge and action" in order to correctly evaluate it. In addition, Wang Yangming's educational thought still has many places worth learning from: First, the responsibility of determination, diligence, correction and goodness. "If you don't succeed, nothing can be done in the world. ... if you don't stand up, like a boat without a rudder and a horse without balance, what will happen in the end? " Moreover, determination can promote diligence. "If you don't study hard, you will have unfinished business." "Repentance" refers to oneself, and "responsibility for goodness" refers to persuading others to mend their ways, including "admonishing teachers", that is, admonishing teachers and pointing out mistakes. The second is independent spirit and learning ability. The third is to teach students in accordance with their aptitude step by step. The fourth is to emphasize personal practice. These educational thoughts have a good reference significance for today's young people to learn. [1][ Edit this paragraph] Representative Wang Shouren was born in 1472 and died in 1529. His name is Boan and he is called Mr. Yang Ming. Ming Xianzong was born in Yuyao, Zhejiang during the Chenghua period. Father Wang Hua won the first prize of Xin Chou in the seventeenth year of Ming Chenghua (148 1), and Wang Shouren moved to Shaoxing with his father. The Preacher and Practitioner of the Theory of "Unity of Knowledge and Action" —— Zhang PTT Professional Trainer. Excellent trainer, excellent consultant, once won the title of the most popular trainer among the top ten human resources figures in the Pearl River Delta. Distinguished lecturer of Guangdong Private Enterprise Association, lecturer of Guangdong Chain Store & Franchise Association and member of American International Secretaries Association. Professional experience: successively served as account manager, human resource manager, training director and vice president of operations in famous consulting companies, foreign-related five-star hotels, large state-owned enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises and private enterprises. With the service concept of "honest service and common growth with customers", Mr. Zhang pays attention to long-term communication and cooperation with customers, changes the traditional consulting training mode, effectively resolves the risk of consulting training, and enables consultants and enterprises to truly realize the "partner" relationship! Clients served: China Telecom, China Mobile, China Unicom, China Post, Guangzhou Metro, China Oil and Gas Group, China Guangsha Holdings, COFCO, Nanjing Metro, Zoje Group, Kaiyuan Group and Hong Kong Productivity Council (Guangzhou); China Life Insurance, China Ping An Insurance, Shanghai Yongxin Co., Ltd., Jianguo Hotel (four-star), Purple Mountain Hotel (five-star), City Hotel (four-star), Guangyuan Electronics, Xujin Electronics, Ogilvy Digital, Meiwei Circuit Board, Jinbaize Circuit, Daikin (Group), Fuji Intelligent System, baiyun hotel, Hanweitai Electric Appliances, Golden Hyatt Hotel and Shenzhen Jinweitai. Shanda lighting; Yaxiu plastic industry; Dehao Runda Electric; Seiko first; Aimeida Group; Qunguang Group, etc. Legend has it that Wang Hua is very strict with his son's family education. When Wang Shouren was a teenager, he studied literature and martial arts very hard, but he liked playing chess very much, which often delayed his lessons. Although his father scolded him repeatedly, he never changed his mind. In a rage, he threw chess into the river. Wang Shouren's heart shook, and he suddenly realized it. He immediately wrote a poem to express his ambition: chess is fun all day long, and once he is kissed severely, he loses. The soldiers fell into the river without rescue, and the generals drowned together. A horse travels thousands of miles with the waves, like swimming in the Three Rivers. There was an earthquake with a cannon, and Wolong immediately became worried. Wang Shouren took Zhuge Liang as a metaphor and made up his mind to do something. After that, I studied hard and made great progress in my study. Riding, shooting and the art of war have become more and more skilled. In the twelfth year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1499), he was admitted to the imperial examination and served as the minister of war. At that time, the imperial court knew that Wang Shouren was a learned man, but Zhong Zhang, the eunuch of the prefect's military affairs, thought that Wang Shouren had taught the scribes of the Ministry of War, so he looked down on Shou Ren. Once forced Shouren to shoot an arrow in public in an attempt to fool Wang Shouren. Unexpectedly, Shouren filed a bow and arrow, brushed three arrows, hit three shots, and the whole army cheered, which made Zhong Zhang very embarrassed. Wang Shouren was the director of the Ministry of War for three years, and suddenly suffered from lung disease and died of it. The building is located in Yangming Cave next to Long Rui Palace in Huiji Mountain. The deceased was called Mr. Yangming. After recovering from illness, Wang Shouren was sentenced to 40 years old in Zheng Deyuan (1506) of the Ming Dynasty and relegated to Longchang (xiuwen county). After Liu Jin was punished, he was appointed as the magistrate of Luling County and was promoted to Shao Qing of Nantaipu Temple. At that time, Wang Qiong was appointed minister of the Ministry of War. He thought that Shouren had unparalleled talent and recommended it to the court. In the eleventh year of Zheng De (15 16), he took the right suggestion and succeeded the governor of Gannan. Wang Shouren got on the horse to run the army, got off the horse to run the people, and the civilian was in charge of the military code, combining civil and military strategies, doing things in Zhi Min and using troops quickly. In order to suppress local riots and put down the "Chen Hao rebellion", he worshipped the Nanjing Ministry of War and was named "Xinjian Bo". Later, because of his high performance, he resigned and went back to his hometown to give lectures. He founded academies in Shaoxing and Yuyao to promote "Wang Xue". In the sixth year of Jiajing (1527), he was transferred back to be the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi Army. Later, due to lung disease, he went begging and died in Nan 'an, Jiangxi. Qiao Wencheng. Wang Shouren is a master of subjective idealism in Song and Ming Dynasties. Lu Jiuyuan's theory was developed for Cheng Zhu School. Wang Shouren said: "The body of a person who has no heart of good and evil is used by a heart of good and evil. Those who know good and evil are conscience, and those who know evil as good are things. " And take this as the teaching purpose. Wang Shouren asserted: "The reason of all things is nothing more than my heart", "Being clear in my heart is the reason of heaven"; Deny that there are reasons, things and things outside the heart. It is believed that learning is to "learn only from its heart" and "compare with planting, the heart takes root." Those who study, cultivate, irrigate and support hoes are nothing more than roots. "It is required to use this method of self-cultivation to achieve the so-called' integration of all things'. Wang Shouren's theory of "the unity of knowledge and action" and "the progress of knowledge and action" aims at opposing Song and Cheng Yi's theory of "knowing and acting first" and various statements that separate the relationship between knowledge and action. On the issue of children's education, Wang Shouren opposes "whipping the rope and trying to imprison him", and advocates "being inspired and being happy at the center" in order to achieve the goal of "being natural and having no worries about food and clothing". Wang Shouren's theory appeared in an "anti-tradition" posture, and after the middle of Ming Dynasty, Yangming's theory of mind was formed, which had a great influence. Wang Shouren accepts believers all over the country. After his death, Wang Xue was divided into several schools, but the same school appeared, and each school had its own advantages. Wang Shouren's philosophical thoughts have been widely circulated overseas, especially having a great influence on Japanese academic circles. Tougou Heihachirou, a Japanese general, has a waist tag that "worships Yang Ming all his life". Wang Shouren is not only a philosopher, educator, strategist and politician, but also a famous poet. I love the mountains and rivers in my hometown very much. When I return to my hometown, I often visit places of interest and leave many famous poems behind. Wang Shouren's life is full of works. After his death, his teacher compiled 38 volumes of Wang Wencheng's Book of Public Rights, among which the most important philosophical works were biographies and university questions. Yuyao's "Four Monuments Pavilion" has a monument pavilion. The inscription reads: the hometown of Wang Yangming, a sage of Ming Dynasty. Couplet: once a famous university teacher, there are still high-rise buildings that reveal Ruiyun. Banner: True Three Immortals. [Edit this paragraph] Related events In ancient times, after a great war, the winning party, the metropolis, carved stones near the battlefield to record its merits and demerits. Lushan Mountain also has such a place. There is a stone wall dozens of feet square under Xiufeng Li Jing's reading platform. There are three stone carvings on the stone wall: seven buddha written by Huang Tingjian, a great poet and calligrapher in the Song Dynasty, a poem written in the Ming Dynasty on the right, and an inscription written by Wang Yangming on this stone after Zhu Pingding's rebellion on the left, which is called a merit tablet. Inscription *** 136 words, solemn and vigorous font, stone three points. Later generations commented on this inscription cloud: This mountain is immortal at the moment, and the wind and thunder care for the light in the forest.