What drinking utensils are good for drinking liquor?

Abstract: Wine glasses are to fine wine as bowls and chopsticks are to delicious food. Without drinking utensils, it always feels like the mood is missing when drinking wine. A good wine set can also virtually enhance the taste of wine. As far as the common liquors on our country’s dining tables are concerned, the choice of wineware seems to be more casual, but liquorwares are also particular. Let’s share with you how to choose liquorwares, so go take a look. What kind of wine utensils are best for drinking liquor

1. Crystal liquor glasses

High-standard crystal liquor glasses are made of high-purity silica without residue. Generally speaking, it is more elegant. Some cups have a capacity of 10 ml. This kind of wine glass is suitable for elegant drinking-little by little!

2. Glass cup

The glass cup is generally It is most commonly used in hotels and restaurants, with large and small capacities, one or two cups, two or two cups, and even beer glasses. Generally speaking, large cups are more common in the north, which brings out the generosity of drinkers. Nowadays, some restaurants also use some thick-bottomed glasses. The cups look quite tall, but the bottoms of the cups are very thick, some exceeding 3 centimeters. The picture shows an imposing manner, and the drinker drinks it all in one gulp, but the capacity is not much. This kind of wine glass is suitable for heavy drinking - no matter whether there is a lot of wine or not, the momentum can rival Qiao Feng anyway, and it is a heroic spirit.

3. Ceramic cups

Ceramic cups are generally rare in restaurants, often found in some clubs or private dining restaurants, for the sake of mood. Of course, this kind of cup was very common in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. Good porcelain cups are white in color, have thin walls, and have traditional patterns on the outside. The author thinks that in the past, because glass was still a luxury item, porcelain cups were more common. Older friends may have the impression that ceramic cups were also very common before and in the early days of reform and opening up. This kind of wine cup is suitable for literary drinking - if you don't say a few words about the talented man and the beautiful woman, chanting the wind and making the moon, it seems like you are sorry for this cup!

4. Earthen pottery cup

In China This kind of cup can still be seen in rural areas and towns. The texture is rough and the color is not as white as the porcelain cup. It is often gray-brown. This kind of cup is often the standard configuration for villagers to drink alone. It is served with side dishes and peanuts and is full of the times. feature. To this day, traces of it can still be found in some towns and local restaurants and Jianghu restaurants in Hunan, Sichuan and Chongqing. This kind of wine glass pursues local drinking-the return and natural taste are what you want.

5. Standard tasting cups

As the times progress, cups have become more colorful. Influenced by the systematization and standardization of Western wine tasting, the domestic liquor professional community has also begun to With the standard cup, look at the national liquor judging examination site, there are more and more standard liquor cups. This kind of cup can collect the aroma of liquor. The cup material is good and easy to transmit light. It is convenient to observe the color of the wine during tasting, and it can allow the drinker to It is easier to judge the four major indicators of "color, aroma and style" of liquor. This wine glass is suitable for wine tasting - this one is really tasting!

How to choose a white wine glass that suits you

Since the quality of white wine is not affected by the drinking utensils, when purchasing a white wine glass, drinkers only need to base their choices on their own aesthetics and drinking habits. Just get used to the choice. If you are new to liquor drinking, it is recommended that you buy a small wine glass worth three or two cents, because drinking it slowly and carefully can help you avoid getting drunk without being familiar with your drinking capacity.

1. How many liquor glasses are there?

White wine glasses come in different sizes and shapes. Large cups can hold two or three taels of wine. This size is suitable for those who are addicted to alcohol. There are also some white wine glasses that cost a few dollars, which look a lot more elegant.

2. White wine cup capacity

The capacity of white wine cups is as follows: Korean white wine cups have a capacity of about 32 ml, thickened glass wine cups have a capacity of less than 50 ml, and glass white wine cups have a capacity of less than 50 ml. The cup capacity is between 100ml and 200ml, which are the capacities of white wine glasses.

3. What is the appropriate size of a white wine glass?

Generally speaking, whether it is a cup for home use or a cup suitable for hotels, you will choose a white wine glass of about 2 taels in size.

4. White wine cup material

Which material is better for white wine cups depends on personal consumption level. The more common ceramic white wine cups are more affordable, while jade wine cups are relatively more expensive. expensive.

However, the jade wine cup’s appearance and collection value are also quite high!

The history of Chinese wine utensils

In different historical periods, due to the continuous development of social economy, the production technology, materials and appearance of wine utensils will naturally have corresponding changes. Changes; therefore, a wide variety of wine vessels have been produced, which are dazzling to people today. According to the materials of wine vessels, they can be divided into: natural material wine vessels (wood, bamboo products, animal horns, conches, gourd mushrooms), pottery wine vessels (Yi five-mouth rescue wine pots), bronze wine vessels, and lacquer wine vessels , porcelain wine vessels, jade vessels, crystal products (Tang Dynasty jade square cups, jade cups, jade bamboo tubular cups), gold and silver wine vessels (Tang Dynasty gold cups, Tang Dynasty silver cups, Ming Dynasty gold pots, Song Dynasty silver pots), tin Wine vessels, cloisonné wine vessels, glass wine vessels, aluminum cans, stainless steel drinking vessels, bagged plastic flexible packaging, paper packaging containers.

1. Wine vessels from ancient times

In ancient times, people drank hair and drank blood. The use of fire brought an end to this primitive way of life. With the rise of agriculture, people not only had In addition to the food they depended on for survival, grains could also be used as raw materials for wine making at any time. With the emergence of pottery, people began to have cooking utensils; starting from the cooking utensils, special drinking utensils were differentiated. It is still difficult to determine when the earliest special drinking utensils originated. Because in ancient times, it was very common for one utensil to be used for multiple purposes. Liquor in ancient times was unfiltered mash (this kind of mash is still very popular today), which was pasty and semi-liquid. This kind of wine was not suitable for drinking, but for eating. Therefore, the drinking utensils used for eating should be ordinary tableware, such as bowls, bowls and other large-mouthed utensils. The materials for making wine vessels in ancient times were mainly pottery, hornware, bamboo and wood products, etc.

As early as the Neolithic Cultural Period more than 6,000 AD, pottery with shapes similar to later wine vessels appeared, such as the pottery from the Peiligan Cultural Period.

The pottery from the Hemudu Culture period in the south can also remind people that the drinking utensils from the Shang Dynasty should have a long historical origin.

The development of the brewing industry and the noble status of the drinker made it possible for wine utensils to be differentiated from ordinary eating utensils. The quality of wine utensils often becomes one of the symbols of the drinker's status. Professional wineware makers emerged as the times require. In a tomb from the Dawenkou Culture period in present-day Shandong, a large number of wine vessels (brewing utensils and drinking utensils) were unearthed. According to the analysis of archaeologists, the deceased may have been a full-time wine utensil maker during his lifetime. In the late Neolithic period, especially represented by the Longshan Culture period, the types of wine vessels increased, their uses were clear, and they were very similar to the wine vessels of later generations. These wine vessels include: jars, urns, bowls, bowls, cups, etc. There are many types of wine glasses, including: flat-bottomed cups, ring-foot cups, high circle-foot cups, high-handled cups, inclined-wall cups, curved-belly cups, goblet-shaped cups, etc.

2. Bronze wine vessels of the Shang and Zhou dynasties

In the Shang Dynasty, due to the development of the brewing industry and the improvement of bronze production technology, China's wine vessels reached unprecedented prosperity. Among the professions at that time, there were also clans such as the "Long Shao Clan" and the "Wei Shao Clan" who specialized in making drinking utensils. Although the drinking culture of the Zhou Dynasty was not as good as that of the Shang Dynasty, the wine vessels basically followed the style of the Shang Dynasty. In the Zhou Dynasty, there were also "Zi people" who specialized in making wine sets.

Bronze ware originated in the Xia Dynasty, and the earliest copper wine vessel discovered is Jue from the Erlitou Culture period of the Xia (Figure 5). Bronze ware reached its peak in the Shang and Zhou dynasties and declined in the Spring and Autumn Period. The use of wine vessels in the Shang and Zhou dynasties was basically one-specific. According to the General Theory of Shang and Zhou Bronze Wares, the bronze wares of the Shang and Zhou dynasties are divided into four categories: food vessels, wine vessels, water vessels and musical instruments, with a total of fifty categories, of which wine vessels account for twenty-four kind. According to the purpose, they are divided into wine boilers, wine containers, drinking vessels, and wine storage containers. There are also ritual vessels. The shapes are rich and varied. But there are also basic combinations. The basic combination is mainly jue and gou, or plus jia. The same shape and style also bear the imprint of different historical periods.

A wine utensil is a container used to hold wine and prepare it for drinking. There are many types, the main ones are: Zun, Hu, District, Zun, Pan, Jian, Dendrobium, Gong, Weng, Gou and Yi.

Each type of wine vessel has many styles, some are ordinary ones, and some are in the shape of animals. Taking Zun as an example, there are Elephant Zun, Rhino Zun, Ox Zun, Sheep Zun, Tiger Zun, etc.

The main types of drinking vessels are: goblet, goblet, horn, jue, cup, and boat. People of different status use different drinking utensils. For example, the Book of Rites·Ritual Utensils clearly stipulates: "In the ancestral temple sacrifice, the venerable ones raise their gourds and the humble ones raise their horns."

Wine warmer is used to heat the wine before drinking. It is equipped with a ladle to facilitate taking the wine. Some wine warming vessels are called zun, which was popular in the Han Dynasty.

The bronze mirror in the tomb of Zeng Hou Yi in Suizhou, Hubei can be placed on ice to store wine, so it is also called an ice mirror.

3. Lacquer wine vessels in the Han Dynasty

After the Shang and Zhou dynasties, bronze wine vessels gradually declined. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, lacquer wine vessels became popular in southern China. Lacquerware became the main type during the Han, Wei and Jin dynasties.

The shape of lacquer wine vessels basically inherits the shape of bronze wine vessels. There are wine vessels and drinking utensils. Among drinking utensils, lacquered ear cups are common. 114 lacquer ear cups were unearthed from 11 Qin tombs in Suihudi, Yunmeng, Hubei Province, and 90 ear cups were also unearthed from Tomb No. 1 in Mawangdui, Changsha.

In the Han Dynasty, people usually drank wine while sitting on the floor. The wine bottle was placed in the middle of the floor, with a spoon for drinking wine inside. The drinking utensils were also placed on the ground, so they were shorter and fatter.

In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, enthronement became popular, and drinking utensils became more slender.

4. Porcelain wine vessels

Porcelain appeared roughly around the Eastern Han Dynasty. Compared with pottery, the performance of porcelain exceeds that of pottery, whether it is wine brewing utensils, wine serving utensils or drinking utensils. . The shape of wine glasses in the Tang Dynasty was much smaller than in the past, so some people believe that distilled liquor appeared in the Tang Dynasty. Tables appeared in the Tang Dynasty, and some drinking utensils suitable for use on the table also appeared, such as Zhuzi, which the Tang people called "Pianti". Its shape is like today's wine pot, with a beak and a handle, which can hold wine. , and you can pour wine into the wine glass. Thus replacing the previous bottles and spoons. The Song Dynasty was the peak period of ceramic production, and there were many exquisite wine vessels. People in the Song Dynasty liked to drink rice wine after warming it. Therefore, the matching combination of injection bowl and injection bowl was invented. When in use, place the pouring glass containing wine in the pouring bowl, and pour hot water into the pouring bowl to warm the wine. Porcelain wine vessels are still in use today. The most distinctive porcelain wine vessels of the Ming Dynasty are blue and white, doucai, and sacrificial red wine vessels. The porcelain wine vessels of the Qing Dynasty include French langcai, plain three-color porcelain, exquisite blue and white porcelain, and various antique porcelains.

5. Other wine vessels

In the history of our country, there are some wine vessels with unique materials or unique shapes. Although they are not very popular, they have high appreciation value, such as gold Wine vessels made of , silver, ivory, jade, cloisonne and other materials.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties and even after liberation, tin wine warmers were widely used. Mainly wine warmer.

Luminous cup, a famous poem by Wang Han, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, said: "Luminous cup of grape wine." The luminous cup is a wine cup made of jade, which has been successfully imitated in modern times.

Backflow pot There is a backflow porcelain pot produced by Yaozhou kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty in the Shaanxi Provincial Museum. The pot is 19cm high and 14.3cm in diameter. Its lid is a dummy and cannot be opened. There is a small hole in the center of the bottom of the pot. The bottom of the pot is upward, and the wine is poured into the small hole. The small hole is connected with the central riser, and the upper hole of the central riser is higher than the highest wine level. When the wine pot is placed upright, the lower hole will not leak wine. There is also a water separator under the spout so that the wine does not overflow when the wine is poured. The design is quite clever.

Yuanyang Zhuan Incense Pot was used in the imperial palace of the Song Dynasty. It can pour two kinds of wine in one pot.

The Jiulong Justice Cup was produced in the Song Dynasty. It has a cup with a carved dragon with its head raised upward. There are eight dragons painted on the wine set, so it is called the Jiulong Cup. Below is a disc and a hollow base. When pouring wine, if it is moderate, no wine will leak. If it exceeds a certain limit, the wine will be sucked into the base through the siphon effect of the "dragon body", so it is called a fair cup. .

Dushan Dayuhai is a jade urn specially used to store wine. It is made of a whole piece of variegated ink jade, with a circumference of 5 meters. It is surrounded by vivid sculptures of sea dragons and sea beasts that appear in the waves. , majestic, weighing 3500 kilograms, and can store 30 stones of wine. It is said that this large jade urn was brought from other places by Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, in the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (1256 AD) and placed on Qionghua Island. It was used to serve wine and entertain heroes. It is now preserved in front of Beihai Park in Beijing. Tuancheng.

6. Contemporary wine utensils (after the Qing Dynasty)

Modern winemaking technology and lifestyle have had a significant impact on wine utensils. After entering the 20th century, due to the rapid development of the brewing industry, the method of brewing for own use that has been passed down for thousands of years is gradually being eliminated. In modern brewing factories, the main packaging methods of liquor and rice wine are: bottles and jars. For beer, there are bottles, barrels, cans, etc. Before the 1970s and 1980s when living standards were low, in most rural areas and some urban areas, if wine was sold in jars, you generally had to bring your own containers. However, bottled wine became popular in a relatively short period of time, so the wine storage and wine containers commonly used in common people's homes disappeared, while drinking utensils are eternal. Of course, in some areas, the method of brewing wine for one's own consumption is still retained, but it is no longer the mainstream of society.

The types of alcohol consumed by the people have undergone major changes in recent decades. More than ten years ago, high-alcohol liquor has always been the most consumed in both rural and urban areas. Yes, rice wine is common in the southeast. Before the 1980s, beer production was very small. However, after the 1980s, the production of beer developed rapidly and became the largest variety of alcoholic beverages. Consumption of wine, brandy, whiskey, etc. is generally smaller. The consumption characteristics of alcohol determine that the wine of this period has the following characteristics:

Small wine glasses are more popular. This kind of wine glass is mainly used for drinking liquor. Wine glasses are mainly made of glass, porcelain, etc. In recent years, they are also made of jade, stainless steel and other materials.

Medium-sized wine glass, this kind of cup can be used as a tea set or a wine set, such as a drinking vessel for beer and wine. The material is mainly made of transparent glass.

In order to promote the sales of wine, some factories design wine containers into wine glasses, which are loved by consumers. After drinking the wine, it can also be used as a cup. Due to the improvement of living standards, canned beer is becoming more and more popular, which is also a typical example of the combination of packaging containers and drinking vessels.

Foreign wines were introduced to China in the late Qing Dynasty, and drinking methods and drinking utensils were also introduced to our country. When Westerners drink wine, they must choose appropriate wine glasses when drinking different wines on different occasions and cannot use them casually.

Foreign wine and wine sets are used in some higher-end catering establishments. Catering establishments are divided into high, medium and low levels. Since most of the wine sold in high-end catering establishments is foreign wine, the drinking utensils have Western characteristics. With the improvement of people's living standards, the drinking utensils used in these high-end places have gradually gained certain recognition among the people, but they are not popular.

The drinking utensils in catering establishments are more standardized in star-rated hotels or restaurants. Any establishment above a two-star hotel must have a bar. The higher the star rating of a hotel, the larger the bar, the more complete and luxurious the facilities, and the higher the price of the wine. Of course, its drinking utensils are more complete and standardized.

Currently, most of the wines sold in bars are foreign wines. The main varieties include brandy, whiskey, rum, gin, Odek, champagne, liqueur, etc. Cocktails are also relatively common. Different wines require different glasses. This is the basic common sense of bar staff.

There are many types of wine glasses with different shapes. This is due to historical and regional reasons. At the same time, it also reflects a certain degree of science and artistry. In foreign exchanges, it is very important to use wine glasses correctly.

When drinking different wines, choose different wine glasses. The capacity of the cup is the most important. Historically, ounces (Ounce in English, abbreviated as oz) were used as the unit of liquid volume of wine. Both the British and American unit systems have this unit, with slight differences. For example, 1 ounce in the British system is 28.41ml; 1 ounce in the US system is 29.57ml. 16 ounces is equivalent to 1 pint (US system).