What kind of place is Madrid?

Spanish capital, the largest city in China, the national economic and transportation center, the capital of madrid province. The urban area is 607 square kilometers, with a population of about 3 10. 1 10,000, including suburbs and satellite towns, with an area of 1020 square kilometers and a population of about 4.687 million. Located in the middle of Meseta Plateau in Iberian Peninsula, in the intermountain plateau basin at the southeast foot of Gua Dalama Mountains, it is 670 meters above sea level and is the highest capital in Europe. The southern part can be connected with the Gibraltar Strait defined by the African continent, and the northern Pyrenees can reach the hinterland of Europe directly. Historically, it has been called the "Gate of Europe" because of its strategic position.

It is snowy in winter and the climate is cold. Since the summer, the temperature has risen, it seldom rains, and the sky is often blue. Locals often use "March is like ice, September is like baking" to describe this distinctive seasonal feature.

The terrain is blocked, the climate is continental, the precipitation is less, and the annual temperature difference is larger. 5438+ 10 The average temperature in June is 4.8℃, and in July it is 25℃, with an annual precipitation of 425mm.

Get a name

It is said that in the distant ancient times, Madrid was an inaccessible place, with only a few families scattered in the virgin forest. One day, a child was playing outside the house when suddenly a black bear came at him. The child was in a hurry and climbed up the tree. At this time, his mother asked him to go home. She was so busy looking for the child that she didn't notice the black bear crouching under the tree with its big mouth open. At the critical moment, the child ignored his own safety and shouted in the tree: "Mom, run!" " "Mom was frightened and hid in a safe place. In memory of this brave child, after the city was built here, people used the phrase "Mom Run" (Spanish "Madrid") as the name of the city.

history

1 1 century ago was a Moorish military fortress and small market town. /kloc-In the first half of the 6th century, Spain gradually moved from feudal separatism to unification. 1560, Madrid, located in the middle of the country, was designated as the capital and the city began to prosper. In the early days of colonial expansion, Madrid developed rapidly with the wealth plunder of Spain. After the decline of overseas expansion, the agriculture and animal husbandry in Meseta Plateau declined, and the urban economy was in a state of stagnation. /kloc-moved to valladolid at the beginning of the 7th century. Soon, it was restored as the capital and gradually became the industrial and trade center of the central region. At the end of 19, it has developed into a national railway and highway network hub. For hundreds of years, cities have been concentrated around castles, and gradually expanded eastward in the 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, the population increased rapidly.

economic development

The comprehensive economic center of Spain's central economic zone. The textile and food industries are developed on the basis of local agricultural raw materials. After the 1960s, departments such as airplanes, automobiles, mechanical equipment, optical instruments, electronics, electrical equipment, chemistry, plastics and arms industry emerged. Due to the lack of raw materials and fuel in plateau areas, industry is developing in the direction of high precision and comprehensive utilization. The nearby intermountain basin is rich in cotton, grapes, olives, oranges and other fruits, and the natural grassland is used to develop animal husbandry. China's main land transportation hub. Radial railways connect Madrid with other cities and coastal areas in China, and there are many international railways connecting French and Portuguese. Ba Laha Airport is the largest international airport in China. Madrid is also an important financial and commercial center. One of the famous cultural cities in southern Europe has a profound cultural tradition, but its position as a modern Spanish cultural center has been replaced by Barcelona. Many museums in the city, the famous Prado Museum, mainly collect Spanish and Italian paintings from 15 to 19, especially works by Goya and velazquez. Four of many libraries are famous for collecting manuscripts and treasures. There are also ancient buildings such as palaces. There are more than 300 squares, including the Mayor Square (built during the Habsburg Dynasty, which is one of the most entertaining city squares in Europe) and Lavila Square. There are many green spaces in the park with a green area of 28 million square meters. The city is divided into two parts: the new city and the old city. The old one was built in15 ~18th century with narrow streets. The new town is a newly-built urban area in the 20th century, with wide and clean streets. Modern high-rise buildings are in sharp contrast with the ancient pattern of the ancient city. The northern and southern parts of the city are mainly industrial areas and residential areas.

travel

Madrid is a city suitable for walking and roaming. From the Sun Gate to Sybil Square, or from the Grand Square to the Palace, there are arts, cultures and treasures along the way. Tourists gather everywhere to enjoy historical sites, world-famous museums and nightlife. Oriental Palace and Prado Painting Palace are world-famous art halls. There are many parks and fountains in the city center, and the squares have their own characteristics, such as Sun Gate Square, Central Square, Spain Square and Columbus Square. Bullfighting is a prestigious entertainment, and the Bindas bullring is the largest.

There are many cultural relics and historic sites in Madrid, including many places of interest, and the world-famous painting exhibition hall-Prado Museum.

The modern high-rise buildings in the city stand shoulder to shoulder with the ancient buildings with different styles, which set each other off. Woods, lawns, fountains with unique shapes and fountains carved with the statue of Nibelle, the goddess of nature revered in ancient Asia Minor, are the most attractive. The magnificent Alcala Gate is located in Independence Square on Alcala Avenue. It has five arches and is one of the famous ancient buildings in Madrid. Spain's Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Education and major banks are located on both sides of Alcala Street. Wang Jia Academy of Fine Arts, founded in 1752, has a collection of masterpieces by Spanish artists such as Renzhiluo and Goya. The majestic Cervantes Monument stands in the Spanish Square, in front of which are statues of Don Quixote and Sanco Panza. The huge monument is reflected in the pool in front, with lush trees on both sides. The Spanish skyscraper known as the "Tower of Madrid" is located on one side of the square.

The famous Plaza Mayol, located in the southwest of the city, was built in 16 19. It is rectangular, and the statue of Spanish King Philippe III le Bon riding a horse stands in the center of the square. Not far away is the sun gate square, where there is the sun gate monument. There are also palace buildings in the city, such as the Palace built in the middle of18th century, and the Oriental Palace where the Spanish king received foreign dignitaries and envoys.

The TV tower built for the TV broadcast of 1982 12 World Cup is the tallest building in Spain, with a height of 220 meters. At the same time, in order to facilitate the interviews of thousands of journalists, a high-altitude pedestrian passage with a length of156m and a width of 4m was built on Castellana Avenue, which is the widest street with the largest traffic volume in the city. There are also golf courses, tennis courts, racecourses, alpine ski resorts, car races and other sports facilities in the city.

Madrid is the hub of railway, highway and air traffic in Spain, with six railway stations, several airports and underground railways.

Madrid is a famous cultural city. Places of interest are all over the country, and the cultural atmosphere is extremely strong. There are more than 1000 Arc de Triomphe and more than 300 street squares in the city, each with its own characteristics. Most of the squares are equipped with statues, fountains and calligraphy, and the center of the square is mostly statues and bell towers, each with its own historical allusions. There are more than 50 museums and 1200 bookstores in the city. The city is characterized by many buildings with different artistic styles, many memorial squares, many celebrity statues and so on. It fully embodies Spain's long history and people's fighting achievements.

football team

There are three teams in this city: Real Madrid, Atletico Madrid and Getafe.

Real Madrid refers to the Spanish real Madrid cf.

Real Madrid is one of the earliest clubs in Spain. Its predecessor was Skye Football Team, which was founded in 1896. 1902 On March 6th, Madrid Club was formally established, with British Arthur Johnson as the first head coach. 1920 On June 29th, the King of Spain added the word "Real Madrid" to the name of the club to promote the development of football in the capital Madrid. Since then, the club has officially changed its name to Real Madrid CF.

Real Madrid began to participate in the national league after its establishment. Because there was no national league in Spain at that time, there was only the King's Cup held by the royal family. The team won the championship for the first time in 1905, and then won the championship in 1906, 1907 and 1908 for three consecutive years, becoming a strong team in Spanish football. 1928, the Spanish first division began, when there were ten teams. In previous sessions, the team failed to win the league championship because of its weak strength. It was not until the famous goalkeeper Chamorra was introduced that he won the championship twice in 1932 and 1933. For more than 20 years, the team has never won the league championship again.

In the early 1950s, Real Madrid invested heavily in foreign experts and introduced Heng Tuo and Stifano, reaching an unprecedented golden age, known as the "Real Madrid era". 1954 regained the long-lost league title of 2 1 year, and 1955 won the championship again. In the same year, UEFA founded the European Champions Cup, and Real Madrid represented Spain. Unexpectedly, the team was out of control and won the first five champions league titles in a row. This record has never been broken, so Real Madrid has become a "dream trip" in European football. In the 1970s, Real Madrid continued to win the championship with Yu Wei in the golden age. Although there were no big-name stars in this period, the team won five league titles: 1972, 1975, 1976, 1978 and 1979 with the team's United efforts. 1980, after winning the league and the cup, it is in a downward trend. Except for 1982, it won the cup championship for six consecutive years and entered a difficult period. 1985, Real Madrid brought in Mexican star Sá nchez and Argentine star valdano, and together with its rising star Boutra Kono, its strength increased greatly. 1985 and 1986 won the UEFA Cup twice, becoming the first team to win the UEFA Cup. 1986- 1990, the team won the league championship five times in a row, setting a Spanish football record. However, in the Champions League, the team missed the championship and even created the worst record of losing to AC Milan at 0:5. Generally speaking, the second golden period in the team's history was marked by the UEFA Cup championship in the late 1980s. 1990 after winning the league title, due to poor management, heavy debts and the rise of old rival Barcelona, Real Madrid was eclipsed and watched its opponent win the championship for four consecutive times. 1995, the team won the league championship, but only one year later, the team only got the sixth place in the league and fell to the lowest point in more than ten years. 1996, Capello took the command seal and led this luxurious division to win the championship. 1998 and 2000, the team won the Champions League twice.

Since entering the 2 1 century, Real Madrid has implemented the "superstar policy" under the leadership of the new president, Flarentino. Figo, Zidane, Cristiano Ronaldo, Beckham and other superstars have come to the team. However, while buying players, the overall structure of the team has problems. After the release of Jerome, Makelele and other players, Real Madrid had a lot of problems in midfield and backcourt. In the 2003-2004 season, Queiroz's team suffered a five-game losing streak at home, and lost the King's Cup, the Champions League trophy and the league title in the final stage of the season.

In the summer of 2004, President Frarentino was re-elected and invited former Spanish national team coach Camacho. In terms of players, Argentine and English defenders Samuel and woodgate joined in succession, Owen left Liverpool to join the "Galaxy Battleship", and on-loan Silades and Morientes also returned to the team. However, this lineup did not bring good luck to Camacho. In the first match of the Champions League group stage, Real Madrid defeated Leverkusen 0-3, and then the league lost to the Spaniards, which directly led to the resignation of coach Camacho. After studying, the board of directors decided to appoint goalkeeper coach Raymond as head coach. Despite the team's problems, there is no doubt that the goal of Real Madrid, which has many top players, remains unchanged, and that is the championship.