How to Improve Narrative Reading Ability

How to Improve Narrative Reading Ability

First of all, we should understand the stylistic features of narrative. Narrative reading should pay attention to four aspects:

First, the six "elements" of narrative, namely, time, place, people, the cause, process and result of events. It is helpful to grasp the content of the article as a whole.

Second: the clue that runs through the whole article. There are mainly the following types of narrative clues: taking characters as clues, such as Yule in My Uncle Yule; Take things as clues, such as the jujube pit in the prose Jujube Pit, and emotional changes as clues, such as Mr. Fujino. There are Xiao Shi Chi Ji with the clue of whereabouts, Mr. Fujino with the clue of time and so on. Analyzing clues helps to grasp the idea and structure of the full text.

Third, the narrative order of the article. Narrative order mainly refers to time order, including time order, flashback, insertion and so on. Understanding the narrative order is helpful to grasp the thinking of the article from a macro perspective.

(1) Time sequence (according to the sequence of events)

Function: The narrative has a beginning and an end, which is clear, clear and impressive to read.

(2) Flashback (write the results first, and then explain what happened before. )

Function: arouse suspense, attract readers, avoid dull narration and enhance the vividness of the article.

(3) insert (interrupt the clue when telling, and insert another related thing. )

Function: complement and set off the plot, enrich the image and highlight the center.

Fourth, the role of description. There is no simple narrative, because it will make the article look dull and lifeless. Narration is often combined with description, and the article will appear lively. Infectious.

Descriptions in narratives mainly include the following types:

1, description of social environment, expounding social background and characteristics of the times, setting off characters' personalities, suggesting characters' fate, promoting plot development and revealing the theme of the article. For example, the Xianheng Hotel in Liru Town, Kong Yiji.

2. Description of the natural environment, explaining the time and place where the story happened and the space for the characters' activities, and setting off the emotions of the characters or their character or moral spirit. Such as the snowy mountains and grasslands in the Long March.

3, character description, through the description of language, action, appearance, psychology, expression, etc., directly show the character. For example, Kong Yiji in Kong Yiji has a look (reflecting that he is pedantic, loves to put on airs as a scholar, and despises working people, etc. ).

Secondly, to correctly interpret the narrative, we must master the general steps of narrative reading. Narrative reading trilogy: whole-part-whole. The specific contents and steps are as follows:

(1) Read the article, perceive the basic content, basic viewpoints and the author's main emotional tendency as a whole, and set the direction for specific answers.

(2) Examine the stem of the question, and then find the relevant paragraphs of the original text: choose the correct paragraphs, read and analyze them intensively, and extract useful information. .

(3) Overall analysis, comprehensive answer and point-by-point expression: combine the main idea, grasp the key words, clarify the answering steps, and use terminology to answer the main points. Thirdly, the most important thing to correctly interpret narrative is to understand the common types of examination questions and answering skills in narrative reading. Narrative test questions type

There are mainly the following 10:

1. Explain the meaning:

The answering skills are: first explain the original meaning of the word; Answer the meaning in the context again. Pay attention to the change of emotional color of words. Form: A: What does the word "××" mean? , here refers to? , played a role? The role of. "。

2. Hierarchical.

According to the different organizational methods of narrative materials, we can divide paragraphs and levels from the following aspects:

(1). According to the structural characteristics of "total-divided total". Its basic model is generally: general narration or discussion of specific narration, description-discussion or lyricism. Like green.

2) In chronological order. This kind of article often has obvious text marking time, and finding out these words is helpful to correctly divide the paragraph level. For example, the words that explain time in Laoshan Street are: afternoon, dark, midnight, dawn, and after two o'clock in the afternoon. According to these words.

(3) according to the location of the transfer. (such as "From Baicao Garden to San Tan Yin Yue")

(4) According to the development of stories, mainly novels and plays in literary works, such as The Chameleon, the text can be segmented according to the plot development of police officer Ralph's trial of dog bites.

(5) according to the changes of thoughts and feelings. If the article takes the change of thoughts and feelings as a clue and clarifies this clue, it will find the key to dividing paragraphs. For example, the full text of "litchi honey" takes the change of the author's feelings for bees as a clue, that is, he doesn't like bees-wants to see bees-appreciates bees-wants to become bees. Based on this, it is not difficult to divide the text into four paragraphs.

3. Summarize the paragraph:

(1) syntax extraction. That is, pick out the central sentence in the paragraph. For example, in the second paragraph of My Teacher, we can extract the sentence "She never beats and scolds us" to summarize the meaning of the paragraph and make a summary. Several meanings of a passage can be divided into primary and secondary meanings, but the main ones can be extracted.

(2) Overview method. Summarize the main meaning of the whole paragraph in your own words. For example, the second part of Hometown is very rich in content, with many people and events, which can be summarized in my own words: what I saw, heard and felt when I returned to my hometown. "

(3) Joint method. Some paragraphs speak more than one meaning, and several meanings must be expressed in concise language when summing up, which is the main point of the joint content.

(4) Induction at the end of the paragraph. Several layers of meaning in the paragraph are getting deeper and deeper, and the final inductive meaning is extracted.

5. Summary Center:

The general format is "who"+"under what circumstances", "what to do"+"what result".

Coping skills are:

(1) Analysis of article titles: Some article titles can reveal the center of the article; Love life

(2) Analysis of the end of the article: Some narrate Zhang Xianzhi to reveal the center of the article with brief comments and lyricism; petrel

(3) Analyze the lyric sentences in the article, which are often closely related to the center;

Sentence pattern: "Pass? Expression (praise, expression or criticism)? Feel (spirit, quality or behavior) ".

6. Thank you for your statement. The so-called key sentences, for narrative, include:

A, a turning sentence that marks the level transition of the article; B, the words are accurate, vivid and expressive; C. Words and phrases that play a key role in understanding the meaning of the text; D, the expressions of characters and things; E. words and phrases that mark the clues or topics of the article.

Coping skills:

Combine the context, look at the structure, look at the content, and emphasize the relationship with characters and themes.

(1) Structure and function:

Beginning: permanent suspense ambush pen, used to pave the way, quote classics, point questions and quote the full text.

The middle part: connecting the preceding with the following, summarizing the above, taking care of the beginning, etc.

Conclusion: echo the beginning, refer to the previous article, summarize the full text, deduce the topic, etc.

(2) Content function:

The beginning is often to lay the emotional tone of the full text and explain the environmental background; In the middle or at the end, it is often the finishing touch, pointing out what center and deepening what center.

7. Appreciate language

Appreciation of language should mainly start from the following five aspects:

(1) Verb or Adjective Expression Effect

(2) Combining with the context, analyze the change of its emotional color.

(3) The rhetorical methods used and their functions:

Personification: release? Give people modality, implicitly express the author? Thoughts and feelings. Ask questions: arouse people's thinking and cause the following problems; Parallelism: enhance language potential, make language concise and powerful, emphasize?

Metaphor: describe things vividly and concisely, and explain the truth. Exaggeration: highlighting features, revealing essence, and giving readers a distinct and strong impression. Duality: the form is neat and the phonology is harmonious. They set off each other and complement each other. Repetition: emphasizing a certain meaning, strong lyricism and appeal. Rhetorical question: clear attitude, strong tone and strong lyricism. Note: Be sure to analyze it in combination with related sentences.

(4) What are the characteristics of sentence patterns: compound sentence and scattered sentences, long sentences and short sentences.

(5) Language features: vivid image, fresh and beautiful, concise, accurate and rigorous, incisive and profound, easy to understand, harmonious phonology and strong sense of rhythm.

Note: Be sure to analyze it in combination with specific sentences.

technique of expression

(1) symbol technology

Give a specific meaning to what is described and express it? Emotional, enhanced the expressive force of the article.

(2) Contrast technology

Through comparison, highlight the characteristics of things and better express the theme of the article.

(3) Pay-off (side pay-off) technology

Set off the main person or thing with the secondary person or thing, and highlight the characteristics, personality, thoughts and feelings of the main person or thing.

(4) Irony

Use metaphor, exaggeration and other means and methods to expose, criticize and laugh at people or things, strengthen profundity and criticism, and make the language spicy and humorous.

(5) Want to promote first inhibition

First belittle and then praise the object described, contrast the context, highlight the object written, and receive unexpected touching effects.

(6) Before and after nursing (echoing from beginning to end)

Make the plot complete, the structure rigorous and the center prominent.

10. Experiencing feelings means evaluating the content, writing style and characters of the article, or talking about feelings in combination with life and personal experience.

Coping skills:

(1) Grasp a center. To answer open-ended questions, first grasp the center, think from multiple angles around the center of the article, and then deepen or sublimate, or boldly express your views in combination with your own thoughts and opinions. Make positive or negative comments on the content or form of an article. Learn to combine the center of the article with the thoughts and feelings of the characters. Don't start a new stove, let alone go against the main idea.

(2) Combine two contents: one is text, and the other is self or life.

(3) Note that the structure of the article is divided into three parts: viewpoint-reason-summary (total score).

Narrative is an article that writes people's notes. This style is the key object of modern text reading. It takes narrative, description, discussion and lyricism as its forms of expression, and describes people and scenery as its main content. The central idea is often expressed through narration. The main test sites of narrative reading are: narrative elements, order, clues, person, narrative center and materials, narrative comments and lyricism. The main questions are:

(1) Phonetic spelling and word interpretation;

2 Write words according to the meaning of the sentence and find the central sentence according to the content;

(3) Dividing paragraph levels and summarizing the main points of the text or article;

(4) Explain the meaning of the title or write the title;

⑤ Analyze the elements, sequence and details of narrative;

⑥ Analyze keywords, sentences and paragraphs or understand keywords, expressed meanings and expressive functions according to the context;

⑦ Imitation or supplement of wonderful sentences;

⑧ Analyze the writing characteristics of the article and understand the author's thoughts and feelings;

Pet-name ruby comment characters, refining the theme of the article;

Attending to understand the article In recent years, there have been many open-ended questions in the narrative reading of the senior high school entrance examination. This kind of topic has a high score, which can test students' reading ability and Chinese literacy, and is the focus and difficulty of narrative reading.

Throughout the Chinese test papers in various places, there are roughly several types of tests:

One is the understanding and taste of the deep meaning of words and sentences;

The second is to explain the expression function of words, sentences and paragraphs in the text, or to explain the expression function of some expressions such as description, discussion and lyric;

The third is to express the content of the article in a personalized way, such as associative imagination, free appreciation and migration and innovation. There is often no unified "standard answer" to this subjective expression of analytical perception, but there is an "answer standard", that is, you should talk about your unique views according to your own feelings and experiences, as long as the words are reasonable and the views are novel and unique.

Practical significance and enlightenment, etc.