What places of interest are there in Shanxi Province?

Guashan

Guashan is a famous tourist attraction in Sanjin that integrates natural scenery and thousand-year-old ancient temples.

It was famous as early as the Tang Dynasty for its mountain-shaped hexagrams, towering ancient cypresses, majestic temples and Huayan Taoist temple.

Mi Fu, a famous calligrapher and painter in the Song Dynasty, ranked it among the three mountains and five mountains and praised it as "the first mountain".

In the Qing Dynasty, someone once listed "the pines of Huangshan Mountain, the cypresses of Guashan Mountain, and the bamboos of Yunxi" as the wonders of Chinese trees.

Guashan ancient cypresses are rooted in the cliffs, drilling through rocks and boulders with different postures. The famous ones include Longzhao cypress, Niutou cypress, Lianli cypress, Wenwu cypress, etc., which are lifelike. , full of interest, and there are many mysterious and wonderful myths and legends spread throughout the ages.

Tianning Temple was founded in the first year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (627). It is the earliest and largest Buddhist temple among the many temples in Guashan.

According to legend, Fashun (also known as Dushun) (557-640), the founder of the Huayan Sect of Chinese Buddhism, once preached scriptures on this mountain and built a temple. It was also expanded with donations from Taiyuan Jiedushi Li Shuo and his wife. It became a giant temple of Huayan Sect in the Tang Dynasty.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Notre Dame Temple, Guashan Academy, Zhugong Temple, etc. were added. The palaces and pavilions lined up row after row, forming a magnificent ancient building complex.

Guashan Tianning Temple is a key cultural relic protection unit in Shanxi Province, a patriotic education base in Shanxi Province, and a moral education base in Shanxi Province.

White Pagoda

White Pagoda is located in Puci Temple in the southwest corner of Taigu County, Shanxi Province.

The temple site was originally Baita Village, and it was moved to this county during the Northern Qi Dynasty.

The temple was founded in the eighth year of the Jin Dynasty (AD 272). It was originally named Wubian Temple. It was rebuilt during the Zhiping Period of the Northern Song Dynasty and was renamed "Puci Temple".

In the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090) of the Northern Song Dynasty, the construction was continued. A pagoda was built in the temple, towering in the sky, with a Zunsheng stone tower on the top. It has been chalky for a long time but its white color has not diminished, so it is commonly known as the White Pagoda.

It was repaired many times during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.

Except for the White Pagoda, which is a relic of the Song Dynasty, other buildings such as the music tower, main hall, wing rooms, side halls, and Sutra Pavilion are all Qing Dynasty buildings with gorgeous carvings and bright paintings.

The tower has an octagonal plane, seven floors, and a height of 50 meters. Each floor has eaves and flat seats. There are brackets under the eaves. The arched door openings on each floor are connected to the outside of the eaves, and are carved with false doors and windows. .

The bottom floor of the tower is a small square room with a stairway to go up. The second floor and above are hollow and equipped with floor slabs and wooden ladders for people to climb up.

This system is a transitional form from the hollow pagoda of the Tang Dynasty to the solid pagoda of the Song Dynasty.

The tower is white in color and has a pavilion-like appearance. It is magnificent, magnificent and exquisite, and can be seen dozens of miles away.

Guanghua Temple

Guanghua Temple is located in Baicheng Town, 7 kilometers southwest of Taigu County, Shanxi.

In the 13th year of Zhenguan of the Tang Dynasty (639 AD), the Daxing Buddhist temple was founded, named Longxing Temple. Zhao Heng, Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty, lived here. I occasionally saw a dragon statue. In the 10th year of Xianping (999 AD), he ordered it to be rebuilt. , changed the name to "Guanghua Holy Temple".

In the Yuan Dynasty, the temple declined and was rebuilt in the third year of Taiding (1326). It was repaired several times in the Ming and Qing dynasties and has been preserved to this day.

The structure of the Main Hall is spectacular, magnificent and neat. The hall is five rooms wide and four rooms deep, with eight citrons and a single eaves and nine ridge tops.

There is a front eaves corridor. There are only two gold pillars in the back channel. The beams intersect with the big gold pillars. The two hills are huge. The eaves and brackets are simple and clear. The humps, horn backs, Shu pillars and In terms of Liang Fang regulations and other aspects, the techniques of the Song and Jin Dynasties are still preserved, which is an important material for studying the development and changes of architecture from the Song and Jin Dynasties to the Yuan Dynasty.

*** Ancient Temple

On the east side of Jiefang South Road, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province.

It was built during the Zhen period of the Tang Dynasty and is now a relic of the Ming Dynasty.

There is an archway in front of the door with a horizontal plaque reading "*** Ancient Temple".

The main hall is a mixed structure of brick and wood, with eaves and columns built into the wall. The interior of the hall is decorated in a Japanese style, with columns grooved and ruffled, painted with lime powder and gilded, making it magnificent.

Several passages from the 29th and 30th books of the Koran are carved on the surrounding wooden walls, and the carvings are fine and neat.

In the courtyard, there is the Ming Dynasty Maple Tower with double eaves resting on the top of the mountain. The eaves are flying and colorful.

The left and right stele pavilions are facing each other. The inscriptions in the pavilions are in Huang Ting cursive script. The inscriptions are inscribed by Zhao Mengfu in the Yuan Dynasty and Fu Qing in the early Qing Dynasty. Liu Shi'an wrote eight big characters in his calligraphy: "Practice loyalty and filial piety in your heart, be righteous and benevolent in your ambition."

Mianshan

Also known as Mianshang. Later, because of the promotion of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period, he took his mother to live in seclusion and was burned. It was also called Jieshan.

It is located in the shade of Fenhe River, 20 kilometers away from Jiexiu urban area, spanning the three cities and counties of Jiexiu, Lingshi and Qinyuan. The highest altitude is 2566.6 meters, and the relative height is more than 1000 meters. It is the largest mountain in Taiyue Mountain. (Huoshan) A branch extending northward.

With beautiful mountains and waters, cultural relics, Buddhist temples, and revolutionary sites, it is a key scenic spot in Shanxi Province and a famous historical and cultural mountain in China.

The reason why Mianshan is famous at home and abroad, and has been visited by an endless stream of people for thousands of years, is that it has beautiful scenery every step of the way, and the scenery is classic.

Hundreds of natural caves, such as Fenyanhui, Li Guyan, Fengfang Spring, Tianqiao, Zhujiaao, Baofuyan, Fengfang Spring, and Yingong Cave, are wonders.

The "belly" of Baofu Rock is so big that it can hold more than 200 palaces, buildings and 10,000 to 20,000 tourists in its "belly", and can accommodate 2,000 years of history and civilization, making it the largest in the world. rock.

The dangerous paths such as Rabbit, Deer Bridge, Overpass, Ancient Cloud Ladder, Tiesuo Ridge, and Weishen Cliff are breathtaking and amazing.

The "Mianshan Shitong Water" described in Li Daoyuan's "Shui Jing Zhu" of the Northern Wei Dynasty turned and flowed thousands of times, forming various waterfall groups such as Wulong Waterfall and Water Curtain Cave.

There are hundreds of hanging natural stone milks in the Big and Small Fengfang Spring. The "milk" is clear and sweet, like a broken pearl, dripping with sound.

This mountain and water are hard to find even in the famous Three Mountains and Five Mountains.

The crown of cypress trees in the country - ancient cypress from the Qin Dynasty, as well as dragon cypress, tiger cypress, rabbit cypress, deer cypress and primitive cypress, form a fairyland-like "cypress kingdom".

The famous steles in the world are the "Tang Fenzhou Baofu Temple Stele" and the inscriptions of the Song, Jin, Yuan and other dynasties, as well as the Yunfeng Temple Stone Buddha Hall, Maming Bodhisattva Hall, Mingwang Hall, Tianqiao Xumi Hall, Wu A large number of sculptures from before the Song Dynasty and from the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties in Longfeng Wulong Temple are colorful and of great cultural relic value.

Tiewa Temple, an ancient temple in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Baofu Temple in Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms, Luangongyan in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Huiluan Temple in the Tang Dynasty and many other temples, as well as Daluo, the largest temple in the world with a construction area of ??more than 30,000 square meters. The ancient, numerous and magnificent palaces and temples are unmatched by other famous mountains.

The above-mentioned strange rocks, dangerous roads, beautiful waters, ancient cypresses, Tang steles, Song sculptures, famous temples, giant palaces, the introduction of the true gods, the true Buddha Kongwang Buddha, and the cold food and Qingming customs that have been passed down for thousands of years , constitute the unique natural and cultural landscape of Mianshan, which makes people linger and forget to leave because of their dizzying views and endless thoughts.

Qiao Family Courtyard

Located in the beautiful and fertile Shanxi Jinzhong Basin, Qiaojiabao Village is located 12 kilometers northeast of Qi County, 50 kilometers away from the provincial capital Taiyuan, and Qi County. The county's famous Chinese Zhouyi Palace, Yanshou Temple, Jiugou Scenic Area, Qujia Courtyard, Ming and Qing Streets, Changyuchuan and other scenic spots form a one-day tour pattern.

The Qiao Family Courtyard is the "Zai Zhongtang" residence of the Qiao family in Qixian County. "Zai Zhongtang" is the name of Qiao Zhiyong, the third generation of the Qiao family, a well-known commercial capitalist at home and abroad.

The Qiao Family Courtyard was first built in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and was later renovated many times during the Tongzhi and Guangxu periods of the Qing Dynasty and the early years of the Republic of China. Although the time span spanned two centuries, the architectural style has been maintained. Made in heaven.

The Qiao Family Courtyard covers an area of ??8724.8 square meters and consists of 6 large courtyards, 19 small courtyards and 313 houses.

Viewed from a high place, the overall layout is in the shape of double happiness and is a castle-like building.

Inside the fully enclosed brick wall with a height of more than 10 meters, the courtyards are connected to the courtyards, and the houses are connected to the houses. There are rows of hanging tops, resting tops, hard tops, roll roofs and flat roofs. There are passages connected to the battlement walls.

The whole courtyard is divided into six courtyards on both sides by a straight corridor. There is a courtyard in the courtyard and a garden in the courtyard.

The doors, windows, oak eaves, step stones, railings, etc. of the Siheyuan, Chuanxin Courtyard, Eccentric Courtyard, Jiaodao Courtyard, and Suite Courtyard are all exquisite in shape and unique in craftsmanship.

The brick carvings in the courtyard are impressive when viewed from above, including ridge carvings, wall carvings, screen carvings, and railing carvings... with themes of characters, allusions, flowers, birds and beasts, music, chess, calligraphy and painting, each with its own unique style.

In 1986, Qixian County turned a courtyard into the Qixian County Folklore Museum. There are 42 exhibition rooms with the themes of seasonal events, food, clothing, housing and transportation, wedding and funeral etiquette, and agricultural and commercial activities. There are more than 2,000 exhibits. It systematically reflects the folk customs in Jinzhong, Shanxi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The Qiao Family Courtyard has been declared a national cultural relic protection unit and is one of the top ten tourist attractions in Shanxi Province.

It has received 5 million domestic and foreign tourists, and more than 50 movies and TV series have come to the compound for filming and location selection.

The smash hit "Raise the Red Lantern" directed by Zhang Yimou and starring Gong Li was filmed in the Qiao Family Courtyard.

Pingyao Ancient City

Location: Pingyao Ancient City is located in the center of Shanxi Province, 100 kilometers away from the provincial capital Taiyuan

Pingyao Ancient City was announced by the State Council in 1986 as the second batch of national history A famous cultural city.

At present, the county has 3 national key cultural relics protection units, 6 provincial key cultural relics protection units, and 90 county-level cultural relics protection units.

The number of cultural relics and historic sites, the high value and the rich content are rare among county-level cities across the country.

Among the precious cultural relics of this ancient city are the Ten Thousand Buddhas Hall of Zhenguo Temple built in the seventh year of Tianhui in the Northern Han Dynasty (963); Shuanglin Temple; there is the Qingxu Temple built in the second year of Xianqing of the Tang Dynasty (657); the Dacheng Hall of the Confucian Temple built in the seventh year of Tianhui in the Northern Han Dynasty (963); and the Hui Temple built in the tenth year of Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1671). Ji Bridge.

Pingyao is called the ancient pottery land and was the fiefdom of Emperor Yao.

The ancient city of Pingyao was originally a rammed earth city wall, which was built during the period of King Xuan of the Western Zhou Dynasty (827 BC to 782 BC).

In the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1370), in order to meet the needs of military defense, the original city ridge of the Western Zhou Dynasty was expanded into today's masonry city wall.

Pingyao Ancient City is the most complete surviving Ming and Qing Dynasty city within the territory of the Republic of China.

It is a typical representative of the ancient counties in the Central Plains region of the Han nationality in China.

Due to the establishment of the county seat, in the third year of Daoguang's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1823), the country's first bank account "Rishengchang" was born in the ancient city of Pingyao.

The establishment of "Rishengchang" has epoch-making significance in the history of ancient and modern Chinese finance. It marks the emergence of a new type of financial industry in modern China in the commercial and financial structure of China's late feudal society.

So far, the city’s city walls, streets, residences, shops, temples and other buildings are still basically intact, and the original architectural pattern and style characteristics have remained largely unchanged.

Most of the treasures in the ancient buildings in the city and suburbs are well preserved. They are all organic parts of the existing historical relics of Pingyao Ancient City. They are also important for the study of Chinese politics, economy, culture, military, architecture, art, etc. A living specimen of historical development.

Pingyao County City Wall.

Built in the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1370), with a circumference of 6.4 kilometers, it is the oldest and largest existing city wall in Shanxi.

There were repairs in the Ming and Qing dynasties, but basically it still had the same shape and structure as in the early Ming Dynasty.

The city is square in shape, with a wall height of about 12 meters. The exterior is entirely made of bricks, with crenellations built on the wall. There is a moat outside the wall, which is 4 meters deep and 4 meters wide.

There are six gates around the city, two on the east and west, and one on the north and south.

The east and west deceived and built urn cities to facilitate defense.

On the city wall, there were originally ninety-nine west towers and towers on the city gate, and there were turrets at the four corners. Most of them were damaged, but the city wall remained the same.

The streets, market buildings, shops, etc. in the city still retain their original shape.

It is a physical material for studying the construction of county towns in the Ming Dynasty in my country.

Pingyao County, located southwest of Taiyuan City, is one of the only four complete ancient cities in the country.

The scenic spot is intact and integrated with the buildings inside the wall, which has tourism and appreciation value.

The ancient city borders Jiexiu City to the south and Qixian County to the north. It is a must-pass spot for the Universiade Highway. The transportation is very convenient. All kinds of services are available in the ancient city, and various famous restaurants and shops are unique. , hotels, restaurants and shopping malls are all available outside the city.

Pingyao beef is famous in China for its purity, authenticity and deliciousness.

On December 3, 1997, the UNESCO World Heritage Committee included Pingyao Ancient City in the World Heritage List.

Its report commented on the ancient city of Pingyao as follows:

"The ancient city of Pingyao is an outstanding example of the Ming and Qing Dynasty cities in China. The ancient city of Pingyao has preserved all its characteristics and is in the The development of Chinese history shows people an extraordinary complete picture of cultural, social, economic and religious development."

Shuanglin Temple

Location: Located southwest of the ancient city of Pingyao. 6 kilometers from Qiaotou Village.

Shuanglin Temple is a Buddhist temple with a long history. The Tang locust tree, Song Dynasty stele, Ming bell, colored sculptures and ancient buildings in the temple are all rare treasures, among which the art of colored sculpture is especially famous in the world.

Shuanglin Temple was originally called Zhongdu Temple.

It is still difficult to determine when Zhongdu Temple was built.

According to the existing record in the temple's "Aunt's Monument" written in the fourth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1011) in the Northern Song Dynasty: "Zhongdu Temple was rebuilt in the second year of Wuping in the Northern Qi Dynasty (571)." This can only be estimated to the present day. It also has a history of more than 1,400 years.

In the Song Dynasty, Zhongdu Temple was renamed Shuanglin Temple based on the Buddhist scriptures saying "Shuanglin will be destroyed".

Shuanglin Temple faces south. The Tang Qun covers an area of ??about 15,000 square meters. The Zen Temple is in the east and the temple is in the west.

Ten palaces form a three-entry courtyard.

The Tianwang Hall at the front end of the central axis was rebuilt in the twelfth year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1499).

In the front yard there are the Sakyamuni Hall, the Arhat Hall, the Yama Hall, the Wusheng Hall and the Earth Hall.

In the middle courtyard are the Main Hall, Thousand Buddhas Hall and Bodhisattva Hall. Among them, the Main Hall was rebuilt on the foundation of the burned seven-story pavilion in the early Ming Dynasty.

In the backyard are the Wuying Empress Hall and Zhenyi Temple, which were rebuilt during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty (1506-1521).

There are 2,056 painted sculptures in Shuanglin Temple, some of which are more than ten feet long, and some of which are as small as one foot. They have both form and spirit, and have extremely high artistic value. They are the essence of the colorful sculptures of Yuan and Ming Dynasties in my country.

Shuanglin Temple was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Shanxi on May 24, 1965; Shuanglin Temple Colored Sculpture Art Museum was officially established on August 7, 1987; Shuanglin Temple was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit on January 13, 1988 A national key cultural relic protection unit; on December 3, 1997, the 21st General Conference of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee passed a resolution to include "Pingyao Ancient City" in the "World Heritage List", Shuanglin Temple is one of them.

Xinghua Village

Address: 15 kilometers north of Fenyang County, Shanxi.

There is an ancient well, commonly known as the Divine Well.

There is a pavilion on the ancient well called Shenming Pavilion.

According to ancient inscriptions, the well water "tastes like wine, sweet and refreshing". The water is used to make wine, which is fragrant and fragrant. It is the source of Fenjiu and Bamboo Leaf Green Liquor.

Xinghua Village winemaking began in the Northern Wei Dynasty and has a history of more than 1,500 years.

The literati of the past dynasties wrote poems and carved steles to praise the fine wines. The most popular hotel is the legendary "Zui Xianju" hotel that has been deified.

Jiugou Scenic Area in Qi County

Jiugou Scenic Area is located 10 kilometers southwest of Dongguan Town, Qi County, close to the west side of National Highway 208, and more than 50 kilometers north of Taiyuan City The scenic spot occupies a land area of ??more than 1,000 acres and a water area of ??500 acres. It is located in the center of tourist attractions such as Pingyao Ancient City, Qixian Ancient City, Qiao Family Courtyard, Qu Family Courtyard, and Taigu Cao Family Courtyard.

Jiugou Scenic Area has a long history and culture, and a collection of cultural landscapes. The Liangcun Ancient Human Site, one kilometer away, is a provincial cultural relics protection zone. Tang Dynasty poets Wang Wei and Wen Tingyun, and Ming Dynasty novelist Luo Guanzhong were all born in the villages surrounding the scenic area.

This is also a strategic location at Zihongkou. Historical records indicate that the military camp of Yang Yanzhao, a famous general in the Song Dynasty, was located in Luoyang Village, one kilometer south of Jiugou.

Celebrities such as Fu Shan and Gu Yanwu in the late Ming Dynasty wrote poems praising the beautiful scenery here.

Zetian Temple

Zetian Temple, also known as Zetian Holy Mother Temple, is located 5 kilometers north of Wenshui County and north of Nanxu Village.

It is adjacent to Luliang Mountain in the west and Wenyu River in the east. It is a scenic spot with beautiful mountains and clear waters.

National Highway 307 runs through the foot of the mountain and is tens of miles away from Zetian Temple in the east. The terrain is flat and the transportation is convenient. It can be reached by driving 60 kilometers south from Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province.

Zetian Temple is the temple of Empress Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty, covering an area of ??26,000 square meters.

Looking at the central axis, there are mountain gates, statues, stages, and the main hall; the two wing halls include bell and drum towers, stele corridors, side halls, and side halls; on both sides of the statue are the monument, the stele of the Prince Shengxian, and the octagonal echo pavilion. ; The courtyard is shaded by willow trees and flowers and plants are everywhere.

Zetian Temple is famous both at home and abroad for the specific identity of Empress Wu Zetian and its own cultural relic value. It is the only temple dedicated to the empress in the country.

In December 1996, it was announced as a national cultural relic protection unit.

The main hall of Zetian Temple is the center of the temple building.

It was originally built in the Tang Dynasty, and the existing structure was rebuilt in the fifth year of Jinhuangtong (1145). However, a pair of Tang Dynasty gold pillars and some Tang Dynasty tiles and Tang bricks are still preserved in the hall and on the top.

During the construction of the beam frame in the hall, the triangle combination and the lever principle were used to disperse the pressure on the beam from the top. Therefore, the span of the beam is very large. It has withstood pressure for more than 800 years without bending. The entire building has been evaluated by experts. It is a masterpiece of Tang and Song Dynasty architecture.

North Wudang Mountain

North Wudang Mountain is located in Fangshan County, Luliang Prefecture, Shanxi Province. It was called Longwang Mountain in ancient times, also known as Zhenwu Mountain. Because it was not worthy of the name, it was renamed Wudang Mountain. Because it was located in the north, it was renamed North Wudang Mountain.

It has both pleasing natural landscapes and cultural landscapes with a long history. It is a famous Taoist holy land in northern my country.

In 1990, it was approved as a Taoist activity site by the Ethnic and Religious Affairs Bureau of the People's Government of Shanxi Province. In January 1994, it was announced as a national key scenic spot by the State Council.

North Wudang Mountain was originally "five miles of dirt road, five miles of sand, and five miles of stone steps to climb up."

Now that the highway has been opened, you can reach the Pantheon by car. There are 1,455 stone steps up the mountain, and iron handrails are installed at steep places.

This mountain is surrounded by mountains. Its natural landscape is steep and beautiful. It is known as "pink in spring, green in summer, red in autumn and white in winter". In addition, the steep stone steps, The ancient and magnificent temple can be said to be "majestic, strange, dangerous and beautiful".

What is extremely strange and spectacular is the various ancient pines and naturally carved rocks, such as: fairy guiding pine, Qingtian exploring sea pine, mandarin duck pine, turtle and snake head wisdom, ancient ape looking at the sun, stone pig The crucifixion...all of them are realistic and lifelike.

There is a Zhenwu Temple on the top of the peak. According to ancient stele records, it was founded in the Tang Dynasty and rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty. There are Taoist activities in the temples on the mountain. In its heyday during the Ming and Qing dynasties, every third day of the lunar calendar From the first to the third day of the lunar month, it is the period of the ancient temple fair, when cigarette smoke fills the air and tourists gather.

There are currently more than ten Taoists in the North Wudang Mountain Taoist Temple. There are clay sculptures, murals, stone tablets and other cultural relics in the temple, which have precious historical research value.

Contemporary literati and scholars all visit this mountain and write inscriptions and paintings; pilgrims and tourists all visit this mountain and never forget to return.

Niangzi Pass

Niangzi Pass.

Located about 40 kilometers east of Yangquan City, the terrain is dangerous. It is the gateway and transportation throat of the Three Jin Dynasties, and a battleground for military strategists of all ages.

According to legend, in the early Tang Dynasty, Princess Pingyang, the third daughter of Li Yuan, was stationed there, so she attacked the old name "Weize Pass" and changed it to the current name "Niangzi Pass".

Niangzi Pass is a tourist attraction with majestic mountains, overflowing water and splashing waterfalls, integrating natural and cultural scenery.

Niangziguan Scenic Area has very convenient transportation. In the east, there are tourist buses from Yangquan City that lead directly to the scenic area, and in the west, there are buses from Jingjing County, Hebei Province (more than 30 kilometers away from the scenic area) that pass through the scenic area.

The catering, accommodation and other facilities near Niangziguan have reached a certain scale and provide considerate services.

The conditions and comfortable environment make it an ideal destination for guests to travel and sightsee.

The main tourist attractions in this scenic area include: Baijing Ancient City, Tang Dynasty porcelain kilns, waterfalls, etc.

Niangzi Pass

Niangzi Pass was formerly known as Weize Pass.

Located 45 kilometers north of Pingding County, Shanxi, it is the famous pass of the Great Wall, the throat of Shanxi.

Weize County was established during the reign of Emperor Kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty, but was later abolished.

According to legend, Princess Pingyang, the sister of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, led the women’s army to garrison here, hence the name.

The existing Guancheng was built in the 21st year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1542). It has two gates and a residential area in the middle.

The outer city gate is a brick gate with a platform on it, which seems to be used for reviewing soldiers and watching over old friends. The lower part of the city gate is a brick gate and the upper part is a gate tower. The structure is very solid.

The Great Wall on both sides of Guancheng winds along the mountains, becoming a natural barrier between Shanxi and Hebei.

The Tao River on the north side of Guancheng has fast currents, and is connected to the mountains in the south.

The Shitai Line is laid along the mountain gorge. Whenever you drive here, look out the window to the north, and you will see a narrow pass not far away, with waterfalls cascading down like beads. It is a spectacular sight, and the valley is called a water curtain. Hole.

Wang Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty praised this scene with the sentence "The jade sprays are high from the west pole, and the cliffs are majestic from the giant spirits."

Hukou Waterfall

Hukou Waterfall is located in the Yellow River 25 kilometers southwest of Jixian County, Shanxi.

There are mountains on both sides of this place, and a huge ditch has been washed out on the rocks at the bottom of the river. It is 30 meters wide and about 50 meters deep. The roar of the waves can be heard for miles.

It is shaped like a giant boiling pot, hence its name.

In spring and autumn, when the water is clear, the sun shines directly, rainbows dance with the waves, and the scenery is wonderful.

The poem "Autumn Wind at Hukou" written by Chen Weifan of the Ming Dynasty contains the sentence "The autumn wind rolls up thousands of waves, and the evening ushered in thousands of red", which can be described as a true portrayal.

Guangsheng Temple

Guangsheng Temple is located at the southern foot of Huoshan Mountain, 17 kilometers northeast of Hongdong County, Shanxi, the birthplace of Huoquan. The temple area has green ancient cypresses, clear streams, and beautiful mountains and waters.

It was founded in the first year of Jianhe of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 147). It was originally named Julushe Temple and was renamed to its present name in the Tang Dynasty.

It was rebuilt in the fourth year of Dali (769).

It was destroyed by an earthquake in the seventh year of Dade in the Yuan Dynasty (1303) and then rebuilt.

Renovations in the Ming and Qing Dynasties brought it to its current status.

It is divided into two temples, the upper and lower temples, and three water temples.

The upper temple is on the top of Huoshan Mountain, surrounded by green cypresses, with towering ancient pagodas and magnificent glazed components.

The lower temple is located at the foot of the mountain. It is built according to the undulations of the terrain. It is a group of varied temple buildings with staggered heights and layers.

The Water Temple is on the west side of the lower temple, separated only by a wall. The main hall of the temple is dedicated to King Mingying. Among them, the Yuan Dynasty drama murals are famous at home and abroad.

At the source in front of the temple, the blue waves are rippling and the scenery is beautiful.

Guangsheng Shangsi

Guangsheng Shangsi is located on the top of Huoshan Mountain, 17 kilometers northeast of Hongdong County, Shanxi.

It consists of the mountain gate, Feihong Pagoda, Amitabha Hall, Mahavira Hall, Pilu Hall, Guanyin Hall, Ksitigarbha Hall, wing rooms, corridors, etc.

Founded in the Han Dynasty, it has been renovated and renovated many times. It is now a relic of the reconstruction in the Ming Dynasty, and its shape and structure still have the style of the Yuan Dynasty.

Inside the mountain gate is the pagoda courtyard, in which the Feihong Pagoda stands. Behind it is the Amitabha Hall with five rooms. There are six large inclined beams inside and two beams are reduced, which is unique in structure.

The hall enshrines Amitabha, Guanyin, Mahasthamaprapta and the Three Saints of the West. The craftsmanship is very good.

The east wall and the fan wall are covered with murals, depicting the Buddhas of the Three Worlds and Bodhisattvas.

The Pingshui edition of the Tripitaka during the reign of Emperor Jin was originally stored here and later moved to the Beijing Library.

The Mahavira Hall has five rooms, hanging from a mountain. The wooden shrines and Buddha statues in the hall are either clear and exquisite, or plump and round, all of which are of excellent craftsmanship.

Pilu Hall has five rooms, verandah-style, with large climbing beams on the two mountains inside the hall. The structure is unique and is an example of the architectural art of the Yuan Dynasty. The wooden carvings on the decoration of the hall are among the small woodwork of the Ming Dynasty. Excellent product.

In the hall, there are images of the three Buddhas Vairocana, Ashan and Amitabha, as well as the Bodhisattva Bodhisattva and the Dharma Protector Vajra. There are wooden niches carved along the walls and thirty-five iron Buddha statues inside.

Among the surrounding murals, the Twelve Yuanjue paintings on the back wall are the best.

Guangsheng Lower Temple

Guangsheng Lower Temple is located at the foothills of Huoshan Mountain, 17 kilometers northeast of Hongdong County, Shanxi.

It consists of the mountain gate, front hall, back hall, stacked hall and other buildings.

The mountain gate is towering, with three square rooms. A single eaves rests on the top of the mountain, and the front and rear eaves are covered with awnings, making it look like a pavilion with double eaves. It is a very unique Yuan Dynasty building.

The front hall has five bays and is in the style of a hanging mountain. There are only two pillars in the hall, and the beams are supported by large climbing beams. They are shaped like a herringbone truss, with a unique structure and exquisite design.

The back hall was built in the second year of Zhida (1309). It has seven rooms with single eaves and a hanging mountain frame. There are sculptures of the Third Buddha and the two Bodhisattvas Manjusri and Samantabhadra in the hall, all of which were made in the Yuan Dynasty.

The upper wall of the hall is covered with murals, which were stolen and sold abroad in 1928. They are hidden in the Narna Art Museum in Kansas City, USA. The remaining 16 square meters of the picture on the upper gable wall is about the fifty-three ginseng of the Good Fortune Boy. , with fine painting skills and rich colors, was created when the temple was built.

The two-duo hall was built in the fifth year of Zhizheng (1345).

Feihong Pagoda

Feihong Pagoda is Guangsheng Shangsi, 17 kilometers northeast of Hongdong County, Shanxi.

The body of the tower is inlaid with colored glaze, so it is commonly known as the colored glaze tower.

47.31 meters.

The tower body is made of blue bricks, with eaves on each floor. The whole body is decorated with yellow, green and blue colored glazes. The first, second and third floors are the most exquisite. Under the eaves, there are brackets, leaning pillars, Buddha statues, Bodhisattvas, Various components and patterns such as diamonds, flowers, dragons, birds and beasts are exquisitely crafted and brightly painted, and the color remains as good as new to this day.

The tower is hollow and has steps that can be turned over so that you can climb up. The design is very clever and it is a representative work of the glazed towers in my country.

In the 34th year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1695), there was an eight-magnitude earthquake in the Linfen Basin, but this tower was unharmed.

Guajia Mountain Stone Carvings

Guajia Mountain Stone Carvings Xu Guajia Mountain is located in the south of Ji County, Shanxi.

This place is backed by Jinping Mountain, facing the Qingshui River, with willows on the cliffs, arch bridges like rainbows, and beautiful scenery.

According to the county annals, Yuchi Jingde of the Tang Dynasty lived here when he went on an expedition. He had already hanged his armor in Jinping and changed his name to Guajiachu. There is also a legend that Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and Qin Qiong went to Chang'an and once visited the top of Guajia Mountain, hence the name.

In the third year of Emperor Kaihuang’s reign in the Sui Dynasty (AD 583), five areas of Buddha statues were carved on the stone cliff at the foot of the mountain, with two to three niches in each area. The niches were in the shape of flames, and inside the niches were mostly one Buddha and two Bodhisattvas. The niche is in the shape of a Xumi-shaped seat covered with lotus petals, and the Bodhisattvas stand on both sides.

Among them, there is a niche for the reclining Buddha, with his right hand supporting his chin and his left knee bent, with a vivid shape and a calm expression.

The carving technique combines ground protrusions with line carvings, which is unique compared with the round carvings in other grottoes

Thousand Buddha Cave

Thousand Buddha Cave is commonly known as Buddha Cave Temple.

On the rock in Yingli Village, 5 kilometers east of Xiangning County, Shanxi Province, at the southern end of Luliang Mountain.

On the mountain, at the southern end of Luliang Mountain.

There are dense trees and fragrant flowers on the mountain. Among the jungle flowers, a huge boulder protrudes, 20 meters long, 20 meters wide and 100 meters high, with a volume of nearly 800 cubic meters. The Buddha cave is dug into the waist of the boulder.

The cave is 3.1 meters high, 4.5 meters wide and 4.5 meters deep. The four walls are fully carved with shrines and Buddha statues, with concise knife skills and solemn postures. Some parts of the cave are later painted with murals about stories passed down by the Buddha. A caisson is carved on the top of the cave. The pattern, according to its sculpture style, should be a work of the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

The two courtyards of the temple in front of the cave were built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including the mountain gate, wing rooms, side halls, dedication halls, etc. The huge stone is at the end, and the Thousand Buddha Cave becomes the Buddhist hall behind the temple.

The temple is small in scale and rigorous in layout. The hall has a simple structure and an elegant shape. It complements the surrounding rocks and trees and is quite elegant.

The stone tablet in the temple records the grand occasion of worshiping Buddha by believers and the reconstruction of the temple.

Ming Dynasty Prison

Ming Dynasty Prison in Hongdong County, Shanxi.

It was built in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that Su San, the star of the Peking Opera "Yutangchun", was imprisoned here. It is commonly known as Su San Prison.

There are two gates in front of the prison, two layers of walls, and the walls are towering.

There are several cave-style prisons as well as wells and sinks for prisoners.

There is a tiger head sign hanging on the front door of the backyard, which is a cell for prisoners and prisoners sentenced to death. Su San was locked in a cave in this courtyard.

It is the earliest existing Ming Dynasty prison in my country. Its layout and shape are important materials for studying the regulation of official prisons in feudal society.

It was later destroyed and rebuilt in Xia Yuan in 1984.

Xiaoxitian

Xiaoxitian is located on the top of Fenghuang Mountain in the west of Xi County, Shanxi Province.

Founded by Zen Master Dongming in the second year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1629), it has a history of more than 300 years.

The temple was originally called Thousand Buddha Temple, so named because there are thousands of Buddhas in the main hall.

Later, it was renamed Xiaoxitian because of the inscription "Tao Enters the West" on the front door and to distinguish it from "Daxitian", another Ming Dynasty temple in the south of the city.

Xiaoxitian consists of three groups of buildings. Moyun Pavilion is built on the top of Fenghuang Mountain, the middle courtyard is built on the back of Fenghuang, the main hall and the extended mountain top form the tail of Fenghuang, plus the two emperors of the ditch The mountain wings are the wings of a phoenix. Viewed from a distance, it looks like a phoenix spreading its wings and about to fly.

Xiaoxitian is famous for the colorful hanging sculpture art of the Ming Dynasty, the essence of which is preserved in the Xiongbao Hall.

The hall is full of colorful sculptures. In addition to the five main Buddhas on the altar, there are thousands of colorful sculptures on the walls, purlins and rafters.

These colorful sculptures are vivid in shape and have different postures. They are numerous but not chaotic, complex and complex. The tall ones are more than 3 meters long, while the small ones are only about the size of a thumb.

The whole hall’s painted sculptures are a rare group of painted sculptures in my country, with measurable historical and artistic value.

Even more precious are the paintings on the beams in the palace - dragons, phoenixes and seals made of lime powder and gold, which are similar to the palace regulations. This kind of painting art is royal painting and is expensive to produce in this remote mountainous area. Discovery is rare.

From 1977 to 1993, the party and the Communist Party carried out large-scale renovations on the temple.

On December 25, 1996, Xiaoxitian was announced by the State Council as the fourth batch of national key cultural relics protection units