Why is it on fire?

According to the statistics of the fire department, among all fires, family fires have accounted for about 30% of the national fires. There are many reasons for family fires, which may be in places we notice or hidden in places we don't notice at all. So, what are the specific causes of family fires? First, the installation of line overcurrent protector does not meet the requirements. Common problems in life are: (1), the power of the overcurrent protector used is too large. When the heat generated by the line exceeds the load, it is not enough to blow the fuse. At this time, the protector will not play a protective role and cause a fire. (2) replace the fuse with copper wire, lead wire and iron wire. (3) There are combustible substances around the overcurrent protector. The overcurrent protector is placed in or under the wooden distribution box to store flammable items. When the fuse is broken, the molten bead will drop or splash, and the excessive temperature of the molten bead will ignite flammable materials. (4) Use inferior overcurrent protector. 2, line aging, leading to leakage and lighter phenomenon. The common sense of using electricity is that the current increases when the wire is short-circuited, which is easy to cause fire. According to the investigation data of relevant experts, the so-called short-circuit fire is mostly caused by grounding short circuit, especially when the line is aging, the insulation layer is easy to crack and damage. At this time, the live wire is too close to the zero line, and it is easy to discharge, often because the generated current is small, which can not make the overcurrent protector act in time to cut off the power supply and produce sparks or arcs. If there is combustible material near the pipeline, this spark or arc is enough to cause the combustible material to burn. 3. The lines are randomly pulled and connected, resulting in line overload. With the increase of electrical equipment, the original lines are usually used for connection, and some of them are for saving trouble. One line can be connected with five or six plugs, and five or six high-power appliances are used at the same time, which causes serious overload of the line, and it is easy to cause fire accidents without qualified overcurrent protector. 4. Neglect in using electrical equipment. When people use electrical appliances, they often leave without turning off the power supply, which leads to long-term work of electrical appliances and fire accidents. This kind of fire is quite common in household electrical fires. The main causes of fire caused by negligence are as follows: First, electrical appliances work for a long time. If you use a hair dryer or electric heating rod, you forget to turn off the power supply because of sudden power failure or something to leave, which leads to the long-term operation of electric heating appliances, rising temperature and igniting surrounding combustible materials; Second, the electric heating appliance is placed on the base made of combustible materials. If you use an electric iron or soldering iron, put it on a wooden base, or put it on paper or cloth, it will cause a fire after a long time; Third, electric heating appliances are too close to combustible materials, such as putting combustible materials next to the heater or drying clothes on the heater. Here are some examples: 1. The refrigerator is on fire. For example, dangerous chemicals with low boiling point, such as ether, are stored in the refrigerator, the power cord plug is not tightly connected with the socket, and the grounding wire is not installed in line with the requirements, or the grounding wire is connected to the gas pipeline, so that the refrigerator is flushed with water, so that the water of the temperature control electrical switch is damp. All these may lead to a fire in the refrigerator and cause a fire. The washing machine is on fire. If the clothes that have just been scrubbed with flammable liquids such as gasoline are immediately put into the washing machine for washing, or too many clothes are put in one time, or the pulsator is caught by small objects such as ropes and hairpins, the motor will be too heavy, or even stop rotating, resulting in heating, short circuit and fire on the line. The air conditioner is on fire. Many people use air conditioners in winter and summer. If the air conditioner is used improperly, it will also cause a fire. For example, don't hang the window air conditioner next to the curtain of flammable fabric. Don't cut off and turn on the air conditioner power frequently in a short time. 4. Charging the charger on a fire for a long time will make the charger and receiving board heat up and even lead to a fire. 5. The gas cooker joint is loose and the gas pipe is aging, which leads to gas leakage, and a fire will occur when using the gas cooker. 5. The line connection is not standardized. First, connect the switchgear to the neutral line. If the switch is installed on the neutral line, even if there is no loop when the switch is turned off, the voltage between the phase line and the ground is still 220 volts. In the case of complex line laying, the phase line will be short-circuited when it meets the zero line. Second, the line connector is loose. There is no hinge when the line is connected, and after a long time, there will be a phenomenon of sparking or excessive contact resistance at the joint; Third, copper and aluminum are connected. When the copper core wire is connected with the aluminum wire, an oxide layer will appear on the surface. As time goes on, the oxide layer will accumulate thicker and thicker, resulting in greater contact resistance. 6. Children play with fire. Some children are curious and like to explore new things for them. For example, playing with lighters in bed, learning from adults to cook with gas, smoking and so on, these factors can easily lead to fires without adult supervision. Children don't know how to put out the fire, and they will be afraid at the scene of the fire, which will lead to the loss of family property and even hurt those who play with fire. 7. Smoking. Some people throw away cigarette butts without stubbing them out completely when smoking. In this way, if everyone is close to flammable materials, there will be a fire, and more seriously, there may be an explosion. Fire escape skills In the face of a sudden fire, you should keep a cool head and don't worry. Remember in the fire: human life is more important than anything else; A large part of the people who died in the fire were not burned to death, but poisoned by poisonous smoke produced by burning; The toxic smoke produced by combustion spreads very fast, and people can't escape the spread speed of smoke. Now I have compiled some fire escape skills for everyone to exchange. One: don't go into danger, don't be greedy for property. Life is the most important thing. Don't waste precious escape time on dressing up or looking for and taking away valuables because of shyness and care. Don't take away your belongings under heavy pressure, and don't be greedy for money. You have escaped from the fire and returned to it. Two: Simple protection is indispensable. Families, companies and restaurants should be equipped with smoke masks. The easiest way is to cover your nose with a towel and a mask, pour yourself water and crawl forward. Because smoke is lighter than air and floats in the upper part, escaping close to the ground is the best way to avoid inhaling smoke. Three: slow down and escape, slide rope to save yourself. Never jump off a building blindly. You can use evacuation stairs, balconies, downpipes, etc. To escape and save yourself. You can also make a simple lifeline with ropes, sheets, curtains and clothes around you, wet it with water and tie it tightly to fixtures such as window frames, heating pipes and iron railings. , and use towels, cloth, etc. Slide down the rope to protect your palm, or go down to a floor without lights to get out of danger. Four: act decisively and evacuate quickly. When threatened by fire, you should wear soaked clothes, bedding, etc. Rush out in the direction of the safety exit. Don't blindly follow the crowd and compete with each other. When evacuating, pay attention to running to a bright place or an open place outside. When the fire is not big, try to run under the floor. If the passage is blocked by fireworks, you should leave with your back to the direction of fireworks and flee to the rooftop and balcony. Five: make good use of the passage and don't enter the elevator. In case of fire, you should escape to the safety exit. Don't take the elevator at will. Because in the event of a fire, the elevator will lose power, and it is very likely that you will be trapped in the elevator and cannot escape. 6. When a fire breaks out, stick to it. When a fire breaks out, if you feel hot when you touch the door with your hands, open the door at this time and flames and smoke will come. At this time, you can close the doors and windows, block the doors with wet towels and wet cloth, or soak the quilt with water and cover the doors and windows to prevent fireworks from infiltrating and wait for the arrival of rescuers. Seven: The fire has burned your body, so run quickly. If you are on fire, don't run. You can roll on the spot or crush the flame with heavy clothes. Eight: Send a signal for rescue. If all escape routes are blocked by the fire, you should immediately return to the room and send out a distress signal by flashing a flashlight, waving clothes and making a phone call. To attract the attention of rescuers. Nine: be familiar with the environment and memorize the exit. Whether staying at home or going to hotels, shopping malls and karaoke bars, we must pay attention to evacuation routes, safety exits and the direction of stairs. In the case of large fire and thick smoke, you can find out the road as soon as possible and escape from the scene. Ten, be careful of smoke poisoning. Because wood, plastic, chemical fiber and other flammable and combustible materials are widely used in the interior decoration of modern buildings, and the surfaces of decoration materials are often painted, a lot of smoke and toxic gases will be emitted when burning, which is easy to cause suffocation and death. So when you escape, you can fold it with a wet towel, cover your nose and mouth, and hold your breath to filter the smoke. Unless there is an emergency, don't shout or take off the towel. You must crawl to escape (there is usually more oxygen and less smoke in the air near the ground). In addition, in the smoky atmosphere, there is still residual air about 30-40 cm from the ground, so try to escape with a low profile. Eleven, don't easily open the doors and windows of the shelter. Don't open doors and windows easily when taking refuge. If the refuge room is full of smoke and it is impossible to take refuge, you can open the doors and windows on the fire side and close them again immediately after the smoke is exhausted. Twelve, you should escape from high to low, and escape from high floors to low buildings, because the fire burns upward, and the flame will burn to the roof from bottom to top. Generally, the spread speed of fire on the renovated floors is faster than the escape speed of people. When you can't reach the roof, the fire has developed in front of you, so the flame will always surround you. Don't race against the smoke unnecessarily. If you have to, you can escape to the nearby roof and stand in the windward direction of the roof. Thirteen, to prevent fire. Never run on the fire at will, otherwise it will not only lead to a fire, but also cause a new burning point and spread the fire. If your body is on fire, you should take off your clothes or roll around in time to put out the fire. You can also water your body and wrap the fire with wet quilts and clothes to put out the fire. 14. the secret room: this secret room is very important. In order to make full use of this room, generally such a room should have enough water, spacious space and windows. Adequate water can reduce the temperature of fire and the concentration of toxic smoke; There are windows to escape if necessary. After entering this room, be sure to close the door to prevent the flames from rushing in. Wet these items with clothes, quilts and other items in the room, spread them on the walls and doors, and be sure to block the doors to prevent smoke from entering. Wet all the door walls of the room with water to keep clothes and quilts wet. Notify people outside in various ways, such as calling the police through the glass window or using bright objects.