What are the legends about the Great Wall?

1. Meng Jiangnu cried at the Great Wall

It is said that during the reign of Qin Shihuang, labor was heavy.

Three days after the wedding of young men and women Fan Xiliang and Meng Jiangnu, the groom was forced to set out to build the Great Wall. He soon died of hunger, cold and fatigue, and his bones were buried under the Great Wall.

Meng Jiangnu, carrying cold clothes and going through hardships, traveled thousands of miles to find her husband and came to the Great Wall, but what she got was the bad news of her husband.

She cried bitterly under the city for three days and three nights. The city collapsed, revealing Fan Xiliang's body. Meng Jiangnu threw herself into the sea and died in despair.

2. The Swallows Ming at the Stone

According to legend, in ancient times, a pair of swallows nested in the Rouyuan Gate of Jiayuguan Pass.

Early one morning, two swallows flew out of the pass. At dusk, the female swallow flew back first. When the male swallow flew back, the gate was closed and could not enter, so she screamed sadly and touched the wall and died. For this reason, the female swallow The swallow was so distraught that it made "chirping" sounds from time to time, and continued to scream until it died.

After death, his spirit remains. Whenever someone hits the wall with a stone, he will make a chirping sound and tell people.

In ancient times, people regarded the singing of swallows in Jiayuguan Pass as an auspicious sound. When the general went out to fight, his wife would hit the wall to pray. Later, before the generals left the pass, they would bring The family members and children go to the corner to pray against the wall together, which has become a custom.

3. The legend of Dingcheng Brick

Dingcheng Brick refers to a brick placed on the eaves behind the gate tower of the West Urn in Jiayuguan Pass.

It is said that during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, there was a customs repair craftsman named Yi Kaizhan who was proficient in the ninety-nine algorithm. As long as all buildings were calculated by him, the materials used were very accurate and economical.

The supervisor supervising the construction of the pass did not believe it and asked him to calculate the number of bricks used in Jiayuguan. After detailed calculation, Yi Kaizhan said: "Ninety-nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine bricks are needed."

The supervisor followed the instructions and said: "If there is one more or one less piece, your head will be chopped off and all the craftsmen will be punished with three years of hard labor."

After the completion, only the remaining A brick is placed on the eaves behind the west urn gate tower. The supervisor was overjoyed when he found out, and was about to use this to deduct the wages of Yi Kaizhan and the other craftsmen.

Unexpectedly, Yi Kaizhan said calmly: "That brick was placed by the gods. It is a brick that anchors the city. If it is moved, the city tower will collapse." When the supervisor heard this, he was not convinced. Dare to pursue it further.

Since then, this brick has been placed in place, and no one dared to move it. Today, this brick still remains on the Jiayuguan city tower.

4. Xima grass

There is a kind of grass in Badaling called Xima grass. This grass is poisonous and hurts like a scorpion sting if you touch it. It grows outside the Badaling Great Wall and serves as a sentinel for border guards, making great contributions to the defense of Badaling.

Legend has it that after the Great Wall was repaired, heavy troops were stationed at the pass. Badaling is of course an important pass. From the day it was repaired, troops have been stationed there.

Aren’t there buildings on the Great Wall? That building is called a watchtower, and the sentry personnel are there. Officials often carry whips to check sentries. If they find any sentry in the watch tower asleep, they will be whipped.

What they were more afraid of was that they were asleep and the enemy wouldn’t know when they touched them! Therefore, as soon as they arrived at the sentry post, they cried to God: "God, please protect me, please don’t let me." Asleep. The enemy is here, say hello and let me know."

Don't tell me, the Jade Emperor really knows their pleas. The Jade Emperor understood the hardships of the border guards, so he thought of a way to send the grass god to bring sesame seeds and scatter them outside the Great Wall. The grass has grown up and is everywhere.

When the invading enemy touches this kind of grass, it will be stung and scream, and the sentry will wake up when they hear someone shouting. From now on, no one will be beheaded due to mistakes in guarding. The sedge became the sentry's friend, and they became more protective of the sedge.

Recommended on 2020-05-14

Have TA’s answers helped you?

Being able to help you is the happiest thing about knowing the answerers La!

Helpful, like TA

Not helpful, see other answers

View all 87 answers

Play in 2021 How much does the Great Wall in Beijing cost_——A travel guide to Beijing for the first time

Recommend the Great Wall in Beijing to you based on the content related to the Great Wall

I just came back from visiting the Great Wall in Beijing and share my personal practical tips How much does it cost to travel to Beijing? Everything from itinerary, expenses, tickets, hotels to food.

Directly save 30% of your travel budget, allowing you to spend less money and take less unnecessary steps.

hao.yishilvyou.com Advertisement

The Badaling Great Wall Route - a must-see guide for your first trip to Beijing

Based on the content related to the Great Wall, we recommend the Badaling Great Wall< /p>

I just came back from Beijing and would like to share my Badaling Great Wall route. It was 5 days and 4 nights, no pitfalls, more than 1,000 points, and you could travel all over Beijing. Internet celebrity attractions + itinerary + accommodation + food +... everything you need, Badaling Great Wall route, after reading the guide, you will understand Beijing instantly!

Hunan Jintianxia International Tourism Co., Ltd. Advertisement

More experts

What are the stories and legends about the Great Wall

Experts answer questions online one-on-one

Response within 5 minutes | Tens of thousands of professional answers

Ask a question now

The most beautiful flower is consulting on an emotional issue

lanqiuwangzi is consulting on a legal issue

garlic is consulting on a workplace issue

188****8493 is asking about an education question

Basketball Big Picture is asking about a travel question

Animal Park is asking about a pet question

AKA is consulting about a digital issue

252 comments

K Xuri W Dongsheng X140

Well written.

See all 252 comments

—You have finished reading, the following content is more interesting—

The legend of Beijing-JD flowers, freshly delivered, enjoy Low price!

Beijing’s legend - Jingdong flower special offer, exquisite floral art, fresh delivery, popular products, enjoy discounts and low prices!

Advertisement 2021-06-01

What are the stories and legends about the Great Wall?

1. Meng Jiangnu cried at the Great Wall. It is said that during the reign of Qin Shihuang, labor was heavy. Three days after the wedding of young men and women Fan Xiliang and Meng Jiangnu, the groom was forced to set out to build the Great Wall. He soon died of hunger, cold and overwork, and his bones were buried under the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu, carrying cold clothes and going through hardships, traveled thousands of miles to find her husband and came to the Great Wall, but what she got was the bad news of her husband. She cried bitterly under the city for three days and three nights. The city collapsed, revealing Fan Xiliang's body. Meng Jiangnu threw herself into the sea and died in despair. 2. Swallows chirping at the stone. According to legend, in ancient times, a pair of swallows nested in the Rouyuan Gate of Jiayuguan Pass. Early one morning, two swallows flew out of the pass. At dusk, the female swallow flew back first. When the male swallow flew back, the gate was closed and could not enter, so she screamed sadly and touched the wall and died. For this reason, the female swallow was heartbroken and cried out from time to time. "Chirp chirp" the swallows chirped sadly until they died. After his death, his spirit remains. Whenever someone hits the wall with a stone, he will make a chirping sound and tell people. In ancient times, people regarded the sound of swallows singing in Jiayuguan Pass as an auspicious sound. When the general went out to fight, his wife would hit the wall to pray. Praying on the wall has become a custom. 3. The legend of the Dingcheng Brick The Dingcheng Brick refers to a brick placed on the eaves behind the west urn gate tower of Jiayuguan Pass. According to legend, during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, there was a customs repair craftsman named Yi Kaizhan who was proficient in the ninety-nine algorithm. As long as all buildings were calculated by him, the materials used were very accurate and economical. The supervisor who supervised the construction of the pass did not believe it and asked him to calculate the number of bricks used in Jiayuguan. After detailed calculation, Yi Kaizhan said: "Ninety-nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine bricks are needed." Supervisor Gu followed suit and said: "If If there is one more or one less, your head will be chopped off and the craftsmen will be punished with three years of hard labor. "After the completion, only one brick was left, which was placed on the eaves behind the west urn gate tower. The supervisor was overjoyed when he found out, and was about to use this to deduct the wages of Yi Kaizhan and the other craftsmen. Unexpectedly, Yi Kaizhan said calmly: "That brick was placed by the gods. It is a brick that anchors the city. If it is moved, the city tower will collapse." The supervisor heard this and did not dare to pursue it further. Since then, the brick has been placed where it was, and no one dared to move it. Today, this brick still remains on the Jiayuguan city tower.

2 Likes · 24 Views 2021-05-28

Stories and legends about the Great Wall

When the ice road was used to transport stones, when Jiayuguan City was built, it required Thousands of stone strips 2 meters long, 0.5 meters wide and 0.3 meters thick. After craftsmen cut the stone strips in Montenegro, they could not be lifted by people or pulled by vehicles. Moreover, the mountains were high and the roads were far away, making it impossible to transport them.

Everyone was worried while cutting the stone strips. Seeing that the mid-winter season was coming, one piece of stone strips had not yet been transported from the mountain. If the construction period was delayed, no wages were small, and this head would be in danger. Everyone was booing and sighing. At this time, suddenly there was a muffled thunder on the top of the mountain, and a piece of brocade silk floated down from the white clouds. The craftsmen quickly caught it, and saw a few lines of words faintly visible on it. After reading it, everyone suddenly realized and acted accordingly. When winter arrived, everyone built a road from the mountain to Guancheng, poured water on the road to form an ice road, and then placed the stone bars on the ice road for sliding transportation. As a result, the stone bars were successfully transported to the foot of Jiayuguan City. , not only did it not delay the construction period, but it also saved a lot of construction period. In order to thank God for his protection, the craftsmen built temples near Guancheng to enshrine the gods, and it became a place that craftsmen must visit after they left the profession. 2. The Swallows Ming on the Stone According to legend, in ancient times, a pair of swallows nested in the Rouyuan Gate of Jiayuguan Pass. Early one morning, two swallows flew out of the pass. At dusk, the female swallow flew back first. When the male swallow flew back, the gate was closed and could not enter, so she screamed sadly and hit the wall and died. For this reason, the female swallow was heartbroken and cried out from time to time. "Chirp chirp" the swallows chirped sadly until they died. After his death, his spirit remains. Whenever someone hits the wall with a stone, he will make a chirping sound and tell people. In ancient times, people regarded the sound of swallows singing in Jiayuguan Pass as an auspicious sound. When the general went out to fight, his wife would hit the wall to pray. Praying on the wall has become a custom. 3. Yumen Pass In ancient times, there was a post station called "Ma Mi Tu", also known as "Ma Mi Tu", to the west of Xiaofang City, Gansu Province. Caravans transporting jade from Khotan on the border to the Central Plains must pass through this place. The terrain here is very complex: swamps, ravines, forests, and overgrown weeds. Whenever caravans transporting jade are on the road in extremely hot weather, they always like to cool off at night to avoid heatstroke during the day. Therefore, whenever the horse team comes here, it is always dark and it is difficult to discern the direction. Even the old horses that often go back and forth on this road will get dizzy and have difficulty knowing the way. This is how the name "Ma Mitu" is called. There is a caravan that specializes in selling jade and silk. It travels on this road all year round and often gets lost in the "Ma Lost Road". Once the caravan got lost as soon as it entered the "horse lost road". When people were extremely anxious, a lone goose suddenly fell not far away. A young man in the caravan quietly caught the wild goose. He was kind-hearted and held the goose in his arms, preparing to take it out of the "horse straying" and then let it go. After a while, I saw the wild goose crying to the young man with tears in his eyes: "Gulu gulu, give me some food. Gulu gulu, I will get lost." After hearing this, the young man suddenly understood and immediately gave the goose his own dry food and water. Full. After the geese were full, they flew up into the sky with a roar, kept circling, and led the caravan out of the "horse lost path" and successfully arrived at its destination, Xiaofangpan City. After a while, the caravan lost its way again in "Ma Mitu". The wild goose flew up again and shouted in the air: "Gulu Gulu, the caravan is lost. Gulu Gulu, the square plate is inlaid with jade." While shouting Flying, leading the caravan out of the way again. Only the young man who rescued the wild goose understood what the wild goose said, and told the boss of the group: "The wild goose asked us to put a piece of luminous dark green jade on the small square city. From now on, when the caravan has a goal, it will never go back again." You won't get lost." After hearing this, the boss made a mental calculation. A piece of luminous dark green jade was worth several thousand taels of silver. He was really reluctant to part with it, so he didn't agree. Unexpectedly, the next time the caravan lost its way in "Ma lost its way" and could not find water for several days. The camels were panting with thirst. Everyone's mouth was dry and they were so thirsty that they could not walk. Their lives were in danger at this moment. , the wild goose flew over again and shouted in the sky: "The caravan has lost its way, the square plate is inlaid with jade, and the black jade will never lead the way." After hearing this, the young man hurriedly told the boss. The boss panicked and hurriedly asked the young man What should be done? The young man said: "Kneel down quickly and swear to the wild goose: 'I will definitely set it with jade and I will never break my promise.'" The boss immediately followed the young man's instructions and knelt down to swear to the wild goose. After hearing this, the wild goose flew up in the air. After spinning for a moment, the caravan was once again led out of the "horse astray", and the caravan was saved. After arriving at Xiaofangpan City, the boss no longer dared to love money. He immediately picked out the largest and best piece of luminous dark green jade and set it on the top of the Guan Tower. Whenever night falls, this piece of jade emits a dazzling light. , it can be seen clearly from dozens of miles away. The passing caravans have a target and will never get lost again.

4. Goats carried bricks to Jiayuguan City. The city wall was 9 meters high. Dozens of pavilions of different sizes and numerous stacked walls were built on top of the city wall. The amount of bricks used was astonishing. At that time, the construction conditions were very poor. There is no lifting equipment and it is all handled manually. At that time, the bricks used in Xiuguan City were fired 40 miles away. After the bricks are fired, they are pulled down to Guancheng on an ox cart and then carried up manually. Due to the height of the city, the only horse path that could go up and down the city wall had a steep slope, making it difficult to go up and down. Although many people were sent to carry bricks on the city wall, and they were all exhausted, the supply of bricks was still in short supply, and the progress of the project was seriously affected. One day, a kid who was herding sheep came here to play with the sheep. Seeing this scene, he had an idea. He took off his belt, tied a brick on each end, and put it on the goat. Then, he patted the goat's back with his hand. The lightweight goat Carrying bricks on his back, he climbed up the city wall at a trot. People were surprised and happy to see it, and they followed suit one after another. A large number of bricks were soon transported to the city wall. 5. The legend of Jiayu Mountain A long time ago, the snow water flowing down from the Qilian Mountains continuously merged into the Beida River. It passed through the wasteland in the middle of the Hexi Corridor, irrigating the fertile fields in that area and raising the people of all ethnic groups there. One day, a shepherd boy was herding sheep in the wilderness. He met a strange old man carrying a bag of gravel and sand. He asked him how to get to the Beida River. He said, "This Beida River was originally my home, but it was robbed by a group of people." Go, I'm going to use gravel and sand to block the Beida River this time." After hearing this, the shepherd boy was very angry and immediately retorted: "Don't say that you just used a bag of gravel and sand to change the course of the Beida River. "The old man was furious when he heard this, and immediately moved the bag of gravel and sand to the left and right. Suddenly, many hills and a large mountain protruded from the wasteland. This large mountain is now Jiayu Mountain. It turned out that this strange old man was transformed from a turtle spirit. He was chanting a spell and trying to knock down the Jiayu Mountain to block the Beida River. At this moment, there was a sudden strong wind, lightning and thunder, and the Jade Emperor sent the God of Thunder to kill the old man. . Immediately where he died, a hill rose up, shaped like a turtle. This is now "Guigai Mountain". : The Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall, is a military defense project in ancient China. It is a tall, strong and continuous wall used to limit the movement of enemy cavalry. The Great Wall is not a simple and isolated city wall, but a defense system with the city wall as the main body and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions and signs. The history of the construction of the Great Wall can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty. The famous allusion "playing with princes with beacon fire" in the capital Haojing (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi) originated from this. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, when various countries competed for hegemony and defended each other, the construction of the Great Wall entered its first climax, but at this time the length of the construction was relatively short. After the Qin Dynasty destroyed the six kingdoms and unified the world, Qin Shihuang connected and repaired the Great Wall of the Warring States Period, and it became known as the Great Wall. Great Wall resources are mainly distributed in 15 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities including Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Henan, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang. Shaanxi Province is the province with the richest Great Wall resources in China, with a length of 1,838 kilometers of Great Wall. According to the national survey of Great Wall resources conducted by the Department of Cultural Relics and Surveying and Mapping, the total length of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty was 8,851.8 kilometers, and the Great Wall in the Qin, Han and early periods was more than 10,000 kilometers long, with a total length of more than 21,000 kilometers. On March 4, 1961, the Great Wall was announced by the State Council as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In December 1987, the Great Wall was listed as a World Cultural Heritage.

587 likes · 373,633 views 2019-10-09

What are the historical stories and legends about the Great Wall?

Legends include: Meng Jiangnu cried down the Great Wall, and the legend of the Dingcheng Brick. The Dingcheng Brick refers to a brick placed on the eaves behind the west urn gate tower of Jiayuguan Pass. According to legend, during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, there was a customs repair craftsman named Yi Kaizhan who was proficient in the ninety-nine algorithm. As long as all buildings were calculated by him, the materials used were very accurate and economical. The supervisor who supervised the construction of the pass did not believe it and asked him to calculate the number of bricks used in Jiayuguan. After detailed calculation, Yi Kaizhan said: "99999 bricks are needed." Supervisor Gu followed suit and said: "If there is one more or less brick, your head will be chopped off and the craftsmen will be punished with three years of hard labor." After the completion, only one brick remained, which was placed on the eaves behind the west urn gate tower. The supervisor was overjoyed when he found out, and was about to deduct the wages of Yi Kaizhan and the craftsmen. Unexpectedly, Yi Kaizhan said calmly: "That brick was placed by the gods, and it is a city brick. If it is moved, it will be destroyed." The tower will collapse." The supervisor heard this and did not dare to pursue it further. Since then, the brick has been placed where it was, and no one dared to move it.

Today, this brick still remains on the Jiayuguan city tower. It is said that in ancient times, a pair of swallows nested in the Rouyuan Gate of Jiayuguan Pass. Early one morning, two swallows flew out of the pass. At dusk, the female swallow flew back first. When the male swallow flew back, the gate was closed and could not enter, so she screamed sadly and hit the wall and died. For this reason, the female swallow was heartbroken and cried out from time to time. "Chirp chirp" the swallows chirped sadly until they died. After his death, his spirit remains. Whenever someone hits the wall with a stone, he will make a chirping sound and tell people. In ancient times, people regarded the sound of swallows singing in Jiayuguan Pass as an auspicious sound. When the general went out to fight, his wife would hit the wall to pray. Praying on the wall has become a custom.

23 likes · 213 views 2020-05-20

What are the “legends” about the Great Wall?

5 likes·1 play

Legendary stories about the Great Wall

The story of goats carrying bricks and the story of Ten Thousand Years Ash and Yanjing City, etc. The city wall of Jiayuguan City is 9 meters high. Dozens of pavilions of different sizes and numerous stacked walls were built on top of the city wall. The amount of bricks used was astonishing. At that time, the construction conditions were very poor and there was no lifting equipment. All depends on manual transportation. At that time, the bricks used in Xiuguan City were fired 40 miles away. After the bricks are fired, they are pulled down to Guancheng on an ox cart and then carried up manually. Due to the height of the city, the only horse path that could go up and down the city wall had a steep slope, making it difficult to go up and down. Although many people were sent to carry bricks on the city wall, and they were all exhausted, the supply of bricks was still in short supply, and the progress of the project was seriously affected. One day, a kid who was herding sheep came here to play with the sheep. Seeing this scene, he had an idea. He took off his belt, tied a brick on each end, and put it on the goat. Then, he patted the goat's back with his hand. The lightweight goat Carrying bricks, he climbed up the city wall at a trot. People were surprised and happy to see it, and they followed suit one after another. A large number of bricks were soon transported to the city wall. Ten Thousand Years of Gray and Yanjing City: People say that it was the first Great Wall built by Qin Shihuang. In fact, he did not build the Great Wall in the first place. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period before Qin Shihuang, there was a King of Yan. His territory was small, his troops were few, and his strength was weak. He was in danger of being eaten by his neighboring countries at any time. In order to protect his territory, the King of Yan recruited civilians and built high walls on the top of the mountains on the border of his territory to prevent foreign enemies from invading. Because there was no lime at that time, the walls, stones and bricks he built were all made of mud. In order to gain time and repair the city wall as soon as possible, he ordered that the work would not stop during the winter. It was cold and hot water was needed to make mud, so the workers carried the big iron pot to the construction site, propped it up with three stones, and added firewood to boil the water. Over time, a big hole was burned in the iron pot, and all the water in the pot leaked out; the fire under the pot was doused. But the villagers also unexpectedly discovered that water was sprinkled on the stone supporting the pot, and the hot stone exploded when it met the water, exploding a lot of white noodles. The villagers looked at it and thought about it, which was strange. Someone mixed the white flour with water and found it to be more moisturizing and sticky than mud, so he smeared it into the cracks of stone strips and bricks. The next day, the villagers discovered that the stone strips and brick joints plastered with this white flour were much stronger than those plastered with mud. The people of Yan State were inspired. From then on, they burned lime to wipe the cracks in the city wall. Later, Qin Shihuang unified China. In order to keep his throne, he also followed the method of King Yan and built the Great Wall. When the construction started, he issued an order to let the original Yan people take over the work of burning lime. Therefore, all the ashes used to build the Great Wall at that time were burned by the people of Yan. Ashes were burned on the hillsides wherever the Great Wall was built, and the quality of the burned ash was so good that it was called ten thousand-year ash by later generations, which means it will not deteriorate for ten thousand years. After the construction of the Great Wall was completed, other civilians returned to their respective places. Because the people of Yan State had merit in burning ashes, Qin Shi Huang also pulled out gold and silver and built a town specifically for the people of Yanyuan to live in. This town is now Beijing. Therefore, Beijing was called Yanjing at that time, and the mountains where Yan people burned ashes and used stones were collectively called the Yanshan Mountains. Extended information The Great Wall, also known as the "Great Wall", is the collective name for the large-scale military projects built in ancient China at different times to resist the invasion of the nomadic tribe alliance in northern Saibei. The Great Wall was built during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was built by King Yan, with a history of more than 2,000 years. The Great Wall that we refer to today mostly refers to the Great Wall built in the dynasty. It starts from the Yalu River in the east and ends at Jiayuguan Pass in the inland Gansu Province in the west.

The State Administration of Cultural Heritage announced in 2012 that the total length of the Great Wall in China is 21,196.18 kilometers, distributed in 15 provinces and autonomous regions including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, and Qinghai, including There are 43,721 Great Wall heritage sites including Great Wall walls, trenches, individual buildings, forts and related facilities. The origin of the Great Wall: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the princes of the Yan and Zhao Kingdoms built the Great Wall to defend themselves against invasion by other countries. Beacon towers were built and connected with city walls to form the earliest Great Wall. After that, almost every king in the past dynasties strengthened and repaired the Great Wall. Because it is tens of thousands of miles long, it is also called the "Great Wall". According to records, Qin Shihuang used nearly one million laborers to build the Great Wall, accounting for one-twentieth of the total population of the country at that time. There was no machinery at that time, and all labor was done by manpower. The working environment was also very difficult in the high mountains, steep cliffs and deep ravines. The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, with a history of more than 2,000 years. The Great Wall referred to today mostly refers to the Great Wall built in the dynasty. At all times and in all countries, everyone who has visited the Great Wall is amazed by its majestic momentum, grand scale, arduous engineering and significance of disaster prevention. It combines the wisdom, will, perseverance and endurance of the ancients. Therefore, the Great Wall is a rare treasure and a cultural relic with extraordinary art. It symbolizes the great will and strength of the Chinese nation that is indestructible and will last forever. It is the pride of the Chinese nation and the pride of the entire world. In addition to the "Outer" Great Wall, the Ming Dynasty also built the "Inner" Great Wall and the "Inner Three Passes" Great Wall. The "Inner Border" Great Wall is based on the Northern Qi Dynasty. It starts from the west of Pianguan Pass at the junction of Inner Mongolia and Shanxi. It goes eastward through Yanmen Pass and Pingxing Pass and enters Hebei Province. Then it goes northeast, passing through Yuanyuan, Fangshan, and Changping Counties, and reaches Juyong Pass. , and then from north to east, to the Sihai Pass in Huairou, connecting with the "outer" Great Wall, with Zijin Pass as the center, running roughly in a north-south direction. The "Inner Three Passes" Great Wall runs parallel to the "Inner Border" Great Wall in many places, and in some places the two cities are only tens of miles apart. In addition, a large number of "heavy cities" were also built. There are 24 "important cities" in the Yanmenguan area. According to historical documents, more than 20 vassal states and feudal dynasties built the Great Wall. If the Great Walls built in various eras were added up, the length would be more than 100,000 miles. Among them, the length of the Great Wall built in the Qin, Han and Ming dynasties all exceeded 10,000 miles. China's Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Henan, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan and other provinces, cities and autonomous regions all have the remains of the ancient Great Wall and beacon towers. Warring States Period The Great Wall in northern China began during the Warring States Period, the three kingdoms of Qin, Zhao and Yan. Why Qin Zhaoyan wanted to build the Great Wall in the north starts with the situation during the Warring States Period. The Warring States Period was a period of transition from slave society to feudal society in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and Yangtze River in my country. The exchange and integration of the Xia culture and the cultures of Qin, Chu, Wu, and Yue led to an increasingly strong trend of unification. After the seven kingdoms of Wei, Zhao, Han, Chu, Qi, Qin, and Yan, which were undergoing feudal reforms at that time, became strong, they engaged in annexation wars and sought to unify the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and Yangtze River by force. At this time, the ethnic minorities in the grasslands of northern Shaanxi, northern Shanxi, northern Hebei and Inner Mongolia, mainly the Xiongnu, also became stronger and continued to plunder the northern borders of Qin, Zhao and Yan. There are Yiqu and the Xiongnu in the north of the Qin State; Linhu and Loufan are in the northwest of the Zhao State; there are Huoju and the Xiongnu in the north; and Donghu is on the northern border of the Yan State. Since the middle of the Warring States Period, they have continued to plunder the northern areas of Qin, Zhao, and Yan. Because they are good at riding and shooting, and good at field battles, they adopt sudden attacks, come and go erratically, and are elusive, showing strong combat effectiveness. However, the combat troops of Qin, Zhao, and Yan in the middle period of the Warring States Period were mainly infantry and chariots. They wore loose clothes and long sleeves. They moved slowly and could travel 30 to 50 miles a day. Naturally, they could not stop the attacks and plunders of the Xiongnu and Donghu. This not only severely threatened the lives and property of the people in the northern parts of the three countries and severely damaged production, but also greatly affected the unification cause of the three countries. In response to this passive situation, the three countries successively carried out military reform and built the Great Wall in the north. The Qin State began to implement reforms since Shang Yang, promoting a prosperous country and a strong army. The army gradually changed into infantry and cavalry, and was rewarded and promoted based on military merit. Therefore, the army's combat effectiveness increased and it became invincible. In the sixth and tenth years of King Huiwen's reign (332 BC), he defeated the Wei State and seized Wei Xihe County (today's Luohe River Basin in Shaanxi Province) and Shangjun (today's northeastern Shaanxi Province). In order to prevent the Huns from raiding the south, King Zhao ordered the construction of the Great Wall at the northern borders of Longxi, Beidi and Shangjun and stationed troops there. In the 19th year of King Wuling (307 BC), the State of Zhao began to reform its military system and practice riding and shooting in Hu uniforms. Since then, the military strength has become stronger.

In the 20th year, King Wu Ling made a westward expedition to Linhu and reached Yuzhong. King Linhu offered his horse to surrender and then returned with his troops. In the twenty-sixth year (300 BC), he broke through Zhongshan and conquered the territory as far north as Yan and Dai (today's northwestern Shanxi), and then expanded northwest to Yunzhong and Jiuyuan (today's Horlinger County in Inner Mongolia to the Wuga River area). Therefore, the Great Wall was ordered to be built from Dai to the Yin Mountains (today's Daqingshan and Urad Mountains in Inner Mongolia) to the west and directly to the Dahe (today's Wuga River in Inner Mongolia), and to establish Dai, Yanmen and Yunzhong counties to prevent the Xiongnu from going south to plunder. . In order to specialize in the northwest, he gave way to his son Huiwen Wang He the following year, calling himself Lord Father. In the second year of King Huiwen (297 BC), the master's father came to the throne and went to Xihe (today's Yellow River between Shanxi and Inner Mongolia). He broke down the building to harass the king and sent his troops. The Yan State was the weakest among the seven heroes of the Warring States Period. It faced the powerful Qi and the newly rising Zhao State in the south, and was forced by Donghu in the north. It was not until King Zhao of Yan came to the throne (311 BC) that he worked hard to become stronger, recruited talented people from all over the world, and implemented reforms, and the Yan Kingdom became strong and prosperous. At that time, Donghu was powerful and often raided the northern areas of Yan State from the south. In order to maintain peace in the north, Yan Jun was forced to make peace with King Hu in the east and took the general as a hostage. During the reign of King Zhao, Qin Kai challenged Donghu. He was both wise and brave, and the king of Donghu trusted him. Therefore, he moved freely and was able to understand the dangerous mountains and rivers in the south of Donghu, the defense situation, and the movement patterns of the army. After returning home, he led a large army to attack Donghu and defeated it, leaving Donghu with a territory of more than a thousand miles. He also "crossed Liaodong and attacked North Korea" and expanded the territory to Xishui (today's Qingchuan River in North Korea). Therefore, "Yan also built the Great Wall from Zaoyang (today's Kangbao County, Hebei and Taipusi Banner, Inner Mongolia) to Xiangping; he established Shanggu, Yuyang, Youbeiping, Liaoxi, and Liaodong counties to resist the Hu." In summary, during the Warring States Period, , the reason why Qin, Zhao, and Yan built the Great Wall in the north was to defend against the plundering and killing of the Xiongnu, Donghu and other ethnic groups.

Reference material: The total length of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty is 8851.8 kilometers