A few historical questions. . .

The formation of the International Anti-Fascist Alliance

The German, Italian, and Japanese fascists imposed war and fascist tyranny on the people of all countries, prompting the gradual development and strengthening of the alliance among anti-fascist countries. On June 22, 1941, the day the Soviet-German war broke out, British Prime Minister Churchill gave a radio speech, announcing that he would provide assistance to the Soviet Union within his ability and make concerted efforts to attack the enemy. The U.S. government also issued a statement that it was willing to assist the Soviet Union. On July 3, Stalin gave a radio speech, stating that the Soviet Union's Patriotic War "will be integrated with the struggles of the people of all countries for their independence, democracy and freedom" to form a "united front." On July 12, an agreement on joint Soviet-British operations against Germany was signed in Moscow. The Soviet Union also signed cooperation agreements with the Czech, Polish, Norwegian, Belgian and other governments in exile in London, recognizing the "Free France" movement. In August, Britain and the United States issued the "Atlantic Charter", expressing the Communist Party's determination to oppose Nazi tyranny and rebuild peace. On September 29, a meeting between the Soviet Union, the United States, and Britain was held in Moscow, and an agreement was signed that Britain and the United States would provide military supplies and loans such as aircraft and tanks to the Soviet Union, and that the Soviet Union would provide raw materials to Britain and the United States. After the Pearl Harbor incident, the United States officially entered the war, and China also declared war on Germany, Italy, and Japan. Several other countries also declared war on the Axis Powers. On December 22, the leaders of the United States and Britain proposed that all countries fighting against the Axis powers sign an alliance declaration. The draft declaration proposed by the United States was revised after consultation with Britain and the Soviet Union and sent to all allies by urgent telegram. On January 1, 1942, 26 countries namely: United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, China, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Dominica, El Salvador, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, India, Luxembourg, Netherlands , New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Poland, the Federation of South Africa, and Yugoslavia signed the "United Nations Declaration" in Washington. The Declaration expresses its agreement with the purposes and principles of the Atlantic Charter and emphasizes the importance of defeating Japan and its enemies; the signatories promise to use all their military and economic resources to fight the fascist countries of Germany, Italy, and Japan, cooperate with allies, and not go alone This Declaration may be joined by other countries which have concluded armistices or peace treaties with the enemy and which are or are likely to give material assistance and contributions in the struggle to defeat fascism. The signing and publication of the Declaration marked the formal establishment of the International Anti-Fascist Alliance. By the end of World War II, 52 countries had joined the Alliance. It united the forces that could be united, isolated the fascist aggressive forces to the greatest extent, and played a decisive role in the final victory over the fascist country.

Yalta Conference

Also known as the Crimean Conference. The second meeting of the heads of state of the anti-fascist allies of the Soviet Union, the United States, and Britain during World War II (the first meeting was the Tehran Conference held from November to December 1943). In early 1945, the German ruling group tried to negotiate a separate peace with the United States and Britain; in the process of winning the war, the contradiction between Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union became increasingly obvious; issues such as how to deal with post-war German and European affairs and defeat Japan urgently needed to be resolved. From February 4 to 11, Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill held a meeting in Yalta on the Crimean Peninsula of the Soviet Union. Discussions covered a wide range of issues, and the atmosphere was sometimes tense and sometimes lively. After intense debate, a series of agreements were reached. (1) Regarding the issue of dealing with Germany: the Communist Party must jointly make Nazi Germany accept the terms of unconditional surrender; after the war, Germany must disarm, dismantle military equipment and military industry; punish war criminals; eliminate the Nazi Party and its influence; agree to the Soviet Union's proposal for Germany The total amount of reparations was US$20 billion, half of which should go to the Soviet Union; the troops of the three countries each occupied an area of ??Germany, the Soviet Union occupied the east, the United Kingdom occupied the northwest, and the United States occupied the southwest (France later also obtained an occupied area); "Greater Berlin" It was jointly occupied by the armies of the three countries, with the Soviet army occupying the northeast and the United Kingdom and the United States occupying the southwest. (2) The meeting decided that the Soviet Union would participate in the war against Japan within two or three months after the end of the European war. The conditions for participating in the war are: 1. The status quo in Outer Mongolia must be maintained. ② The southern part of Sakhalin and all adjacent islands were returned to the Soviet Union; Dalian commercial port was internationalized to ensure the Soviet Union’s superior rights and interests in the port; the Soviet Union leased Port Arthur as a military port; the Middle East and South Manchuria Railway was jointly operated by China and the Soviet Union to ensure the Soviet Union’s superior rights and interests; Thousand Islands The islands were handed over to the Soviet Union.

③The Soviet Union is preparing to sign a treaty of friendship and alliance with the Chinese National Government and use force to assist China in liberating itself from the Japanese yoke. (3) In order to ensure peace and security after the war, the conference decided to establish an international organization-the United Nations. The most important functions of the United Nations are handed over to the Security Council, which consists of five permanent members (China, the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain, and France) and six non-permanent members (the number of non-permanent members increased to 10 in 1965) . Any substantive issue must be unanimously agreed by the five permanent members, that is, each permanent member has the right to veto Security Council resolutions. The meeting also decided to convene a United Nations conference in San Francisco, USA, on April 25, 1945, to formulate the United Nations Charter. The purpose of the Yalta Conference was to sanction German fascism and defeat Japanese imperialism with the power of the alliance, which played a positive historical role. However, it made decisions that undermined China's sovereignty and interests without the participation of Chinese representatives, which is an ugly manifestation of power politics.

The Battle of Stalingrad

The decisive battle in the Soviet Patriotic War. After the failure of the Battle of Moscow, in the summer of 1942, Hitler concentrated 1.5 million troops and launched a summer offensive on the southern front. After making progress in the Crimean Peninsula and the Caucasus, starting in July, the main force of the German army began to attack Stalingrad. After fierce fighting, the superior forces of the German army crossed the meander of the Don River on August 23, cut the Soviet position into two sections, and began the siege. Two thousand planes were dispatched throughout the day and night to conduct indiscriminate bombings, and the city was covered in fire that could be seen hundreds of miles away. In mid-September, the German army broke into the city center. Soviet soldiers and civilians fought desperately, fighting in every street, every building, every house, and every ruin of a house. During the defensive war, 182,000 enemy troops were eliminated, changing the balance of power. On the morning of November 19, the Soviet army increased its fresh forces and began to counterattack from the northwest and south, forming an "iron pincer" to tightly surround the 330,000 main German troops commanded by Boros. Hitler's "Don" Army Group's rescue effort was also repelled. The besieged German troops were short of ammunition, hungry and cold, and fell into a desperate situation. The Soviet army issued an ultimatum to surrender. Boros asked Hitler for instructions. Hitler ordered Boros to be promoted to field marshal, and 117 senior officers were promoted to one level each, leaving him in a desperate struggle. The Soviet army tightened the encirclement. On February 2, 1943, the besieged German army was completely wiped out, and one marshal, 24 generals and more than 90,000 officers and soldiers were captured. This battle greatly damaged the vitality of the German army and forced it to switch from strategic offense to strategic defense. Roosevelt correctly commented in his congratulatory letter to Stalin: "It stopped the wave of aggression and became a turning point in the Allied anti-aggression war."

The Battle of Midway

Reversed the tide of the war in the Pacific War of battle. On May 5, 1942, Japan occupied Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands, which was the limit of Japan's southward advance. On May 7th and 8th, the Japanese navy suffered a setback in fierce battles in the Coral Sea. The Japanese naval command decided to transfer its power to the central Pacific, seize Midway Island, and eliminate the base for the US military to advance. Japan formed a powerful combined fleet, personally commanded by Admiral Yamamoto, and Nagumo Chuichi led the first aircraft carrier fleet as the main attack. The U.S. fleet was weak, but because it intercepted the Japanese military's secret combat signals, it knew the Japanese military's combat plans very well, so it stayed hidden and waited to annihilate the enemy. On June 3, the Japanese fleets arrived at designated positions. Nagumo Chuichi ordered the first batch of 108 aircraft from the aircraft carrier to attack Midway Island. The second batch of aircraft was still on standby on the deck. Japanese reconnaissance aircraft reported the discovery of the American fleet. The Japanese aircraft on the deck had unloaded bombs and modified torpedoes. Suddenly, 37 American dive bombers directly attacked the Japanese aircraft carriers "Red Chen" and "Kaga"; another 17 flew directly at the "Soryu". Immediately after the three ships were hit, the bombs exploded on the deck. The shrapnel penetrated the deck and caused an explosion deep in the hull. The three temporarily prominent behemoths sank to the bottom of the sea. Yamamoto learned of the news and ordered all fleets to concentrate on attacking Midway Island in retaliation. Japanese aircraft destroyed the USS Yorkton, but the US aircraft soon sank the Japanese aircraft carrier Hiryu. In this battle, the Japanese army lost 4 large aircraft carriers, one heavy cruiser, more than 400 aircraft, and 3,500 soldiers, including hundreds of skilled pilots. Japan reluctantly admitted that "the initiative in the Pacific has passed into the hands of the enemy."

The Battle of El Alamein

The British counterattack in North Africa during World War II. On October 23, 1942, British General Montgomery commanded the 195,000-strong Eighth Army (including British, Australian, New Zealand, and Indian troops) to launch a major counterattack against about 100,000 German and Italian troops on the Alamein front west of Alexandria. . The British army cleverly carried out battle camouflage, causing the enemy to misjudge its main assault direction and the launch time of the battle. After the attack was launched, the enemy headquarters was in chaos. Rommel's deputy, General Sturm, died suddenly of a heart attack. After Hitler heard the news, he rushed Rommel, who was hospitalized due to illness, to fly back to North Africa on the 26th. The British army cut off the German army's supplies. In order to avoid the total destruction of the army, Rommel quickly withdrew 1,100 kilometers westward to Tunisia in 15 days. In this battle, more than 20,000 German and Italian troops were killed and wounded, more than 30,000 people were captured, and 350 tanks and 400 cannons were seized. The British army lost 13,000 people and more than 400 tanks. This battle turned the tide of the war in North Africa.

Normandy landing

In World War II, the Western Allies opened a second battlefield. After the Tehran Conference, as agreed by Britain and the United States, Roosevelt appointed Eisenhower as the Supreme Commander of the Northwest European Expeditionary Force (the commander of the ground forces was Montgomery) and began to implement the "Overlord" plan. The Allied forces gathered more than 2 million troops from the army, navy and air force, as well as a large number of aircraft and ships. The south of England became a great barracks. In order to confuse the enemy, the illusion of attacking the Calais area was created at the narrowest point of the English Channel. Hitler searched for material and manpower and built the so-called "Atlantic Wall" defense project. Rommel was appointed commander-in-chief of the regional army group, commanding 39 divisions, of which 19 divisions were equipped in the Calais area, which was a key defense area. In the early morning of June 6, 1944, 2,400 U.S. and British transport planes and more than 800 gliders, carrying three paratrooper divisions, landed at a designated location behind the coast of the Normandy region. At dawn, the Allied forces launched fierce bombing and artillery attacks on the German defense lines in Normandy. In an instant, artillery fire was blazing, and the ground was shaking. The offensive force took 4,000 ships to cross the English Channel in strong winds and waves, and five divisions landed in Normandy. The German army put up a stubborn resistance, but was broken through by the powerful Allied offensive. That night, nearly 10 divisions of troops, together with tanks and artillery, had landed ashore. Follow-up troops came one after another, and the "Atlantic Wall" was breached. After receiving the Allied landing report, the German General Headquarters still believed that the Normandy landing was just a feint attack. It concluded that the focus of the Allied landing was still in the Calais area, and the Allied forces did not concentrate their forces to counterattack the Normandy landing. By July 5, 1 million people had logged in. Rommel committed less than half the Allied forces to the battle. The Allied forces continued to advance, and on July 25, they occupied the Caen-Comont-Senno line. The strategic landing site was firmly established and the second battlefield was successfully opened.

The European battlefield situation from 1944 to 1945

Western Front: In June 1944, the Allied forces launched the Normandy landing campaign and opened up the second battlefield. On August 25, Paris was liberated. In order to cooperate with the main offensive in northwest France, the Allied forces landed in southern France on August 15 and entered Lyon on September 2. In December, the Allied forces reached the borders of Germany, the Netherlands, and Derby. On December 16, the German army counterattacked in the Ardennes region on the Derby border, breaking through the Allied front lines and rapidly advancing more than 100 kilometers. As the Soviet army launched a full-scale offensive on the eastern front, the Allies gained a foothold and began a slow counterattack. In March 1945, the Allied forces crossed the Rhine River in several locations and advanced into the hinterland of Germany for the Ruhr Campaign. In mid-April, the Allied forces reached the Elbe River area.

Eastern Front: 1944 was the year when the Soviet Red Army achieved a decisive victory. The Soviet army launched continuous offensives against the German army, recovered all occupied territory, and began cross-border operations. On January 12, 1945, on a 1,200-kilometer front from the Baltic Sea to the Carpathian Mountains, 150 Soviet divisions launched a full-line offensive with thunderous momentum and quickly broke through the German defense lines. Troops from Poland, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Romania and other countries participated in the war against Germany. In central Europe, the Soviet army liberated Warsaw on January 17 with the cooperation of the Polish army. In April, all of Poland was liberated. Then they forcibly crossed the Oder River, established a stronghold on the west bank of the river, and opened the way to Berlin. In northern Europe, the Soviet army invaded East Prussia on January 13.

After fierce fighting, the important fortress K?nigsberg was captured on April 9 and the German defenders were completely wiped out. In southern Europe, the Soviet army captured Budapest on February 13, and all of Hungary was liberated on April 4. Vienna was captured on April 13. On April 16, the Soviet army began to attack Berlin. On April 25, the Soviet troops gathered in the Potsdam area west of Berlin and completed the siege of Berlin. On the same day, the Soviet and Allied forces met at Torgau on the west bank of the Elbe River. On May 2, the Soviet army captured Berlin.

The Battle of Berlin and Germany’s Surrender

At the end of March and beginning of April 1945, German fascism was on the eve of its demise. The German economy was completely bankrupt, the people were war-weary and anti-war, and the country was falling apart internally. The Western Allies had crossed the Rhine and were advancing towards the Elbe. The Soviet army has reached the Oder-Neisse line and has concentrated more than 2.5 million troops, 6,250 tanks, and 7,500 aircraft in preparation for the attack on Berlin. In his desperate struggle, Hitler forced residents to build three defensive positions east of Berlin, and built a three-layer defense circle around Berlin. He gathered nearly 1 million people, 1,500 tanks, and 3,300 aircraft, clamoring to defend Berlin to the last man. They also dreamed of a conflict between the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union in order to profit from it. At 5 o'clock in the morning on April 16, with 143 searchlights shining directly on the German positions, the Soviet army fired thousands of artillery pieces, thousands of planes launched simultaneous bombings, thousands of tanks rushed into the enemy positions, and the infantry followed closely into the battle. By dawn the first line of defense had been breached. After four days and nights of fierce fighting, all three lines of defense were breached and the Berlin defense circle was approached. The siege of Berlin began on the 20th. On the 25th, the Soviet army surrounded Berlin. On the same day, the Soviet army joined forces with the American and British Allied forces at Torgau on the Elbe River. The entire German battlefield was cut into two pieces. On the 27th, the Soviet army entered the center of Berlin, and fierce street fighting began. Fighting was taking place in the sky, on the ground, and underground. Crazy Hitler ordered water to be poured into the subway tunnels, drowning thousands of women, children and wounded people. Hitler also ordered the destruction of Berlin and Germany, but failed to achieve it. On the afternoon of the 30th, Red Army soldiers planted the victory flag on the dome of the Reichstag in Berlin. On the same day, Hitler, who was full of crimes, and his mistress for many years, Eva Braun, who had just held their wedding the day before, committed suicide in the basement of the Chancellery. Before his death, Hitler ordered his men to burn his body. Hitler's Propaganda Minister Goebbels poisoned his six children and then ordered his men to shoot him and his wife to death as shameful sacrifices. On the morning of May 2, Berlin City Defense Commander Videlin ordered the German troops to stop resistance. On the 5th, the head of the Nazi "government", Army Marshal D?nitz, sent General Jodl to Eisenhower's headquarters to negotiate a surrender. On the 8th, hosted by Soviet Marshal Zhukov (the commander-in-chief who captured Berlin), Germany's unconditional surrender ceremony was officially held in Berlin. At this point, Nazi Germany, which had been rampant for a while, was completely defeated. The war in Europe ended.

Illustration "Soviet Army Captures Reichstag Building"

On April 30, 1945, troops of the 105th and 171st Infantry Divisions of the Soviet Union captured the Reichstag Building in Berlin. At 21:50, Sergeant Yegorov and Corporal Kantaria raised the victory flag awarded by the Army Military Committee on the dome of the main building of the Parliament Building.

The battle situation in the middle and late stages of the Pacific War

After the Battle of Midway in June 1942, the United States began to take the initiative at sea. After that, the U.S. military adopted the "island-by-island advance method" to launch a counterattack. From September 1942 to February 1943, the Japanese army abandoned Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands after losing a large number of aircraft and warships. From then on, the Japanese army began to gradually retreat on the entire front in the Pacific. At the end of 1943, the U.S. military occupied the Solomon Islands and the Gilbert Islands to the northeast. In the first half of 1944, the US military in the Southwest Pacific slowly captured New Britain Island and the Admiralty Islands, controlled the northern coast of New Guinea, and occupied the Marshall Islands in the Central Pacific. In June 1944, the U.S. military began to attack the Mariana Islands, an important Japanese base in the Pacific. Saipan, one of the main islands in the archipelago, was captured in early July, Guam was captured in early August, and the entire Mariana Islands was controlled in mid-August.

In October 1944, the US military began the battle to capture the Philippines. After sinking 4 Japanese aircraft carriers and 3 battleships, it captured the entire Philippines in April 1945. Starting in November 1944, the U.S. Air Force, based on Saipan, began air raids on the Japanese mainland, causing Japan to suffer serious losses. In March 1945, the U.S. military captured Iwo Jima. In April, they began to attack Okinawa. The Japanese army adopted desperate and brutal tactics and sent "Kamikaze" members to fly planes to carry out suicide attacks. After paying heavy sacrifices, the U.S. military captured Okinawa in June. The joint forces of China, the United States, Britain and India fought hard against the Japanese occupying forces in Myanmar. With the cooperation of the general uprising of the army and the people of Myanmar led by General Aung San, they liberated Myanmar in May 1945.

Potsdam Conference

Also known as the Berlin Conference. The third summit meeting between the Allies, the Soviet Union, the United States, and Britain. After Germany surrendered, from July 17 to August 2, 1945, Stalin, Truman (the successor president after Roosevelt's death), and Churchill (replaced by the newly elected Prime Minister Adrien from July 28) led their delegations in Potsdam Hold a meeting. Due to the victory of the war against Germany, disagreements and debates at the meeting became more intense on issues such as how to deal with Germany and how to arrange post-war peace in Europe and the world. The final agreements reached include: reaffirming the spirit of the Yalta Conference; determining the establishment of a five-member foreign ministers conference of the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain, China, and France to prepare for the conclusion of a peace treaty; the four countries of the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain, and France jointly controlling Germany; A series of political and economic principles such as Germany's reparations, the handling of fleets and merchant fleets, and the punishment of war criminals. The Soviet Union reiterated its intention to participate in the war against Japan three months after the end of the European War. The Potsdam Declaration was also issued.

"Potsdam Proclamation"

The full name is "The Potsdam Proclamation of China, the United States and Britain Urging Japan to Surrender". Drafted by the United States and agreed by the United Kingdom, China was invited to participate. Broadcast to the world during the Potsdam Conference on July 26, 1945. The Soviet Union joined on August 8 of the same year. Article ***13 of the proclamation, the main content is: the Allies will fight against Japan until it ceases to resist; the Japanese government should immediately declare the unconditional surrender of all armed forces; the conditions of the "Cairo Declaration" must be implemented; after Japan surrenders, its sovereignty is limited to the main state , Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and the islands designated by the Allies; the military is completely disarmed; war criminals are brought to trial; all obstacles to people's democracy must be removed; Japan is not allowed to maintain industries that can be used for rearmament operations; until the above objectives are achieved After Japan and Japan established a peace-oriented government based on the will of the people, the Allied forces immediately withdrew. The "Announcement" was a heavy blow to the Japanese fascists who were facing the end of their lives.

Illustration "The United States dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima"

On August 6, 1945, the United States dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. Hiroshima has a population of 343,000 and a total of more than 76,000 buildings. At that time, more than 78,000 people died, and more than 51,000 people were injured and missing; more than 48,000 buildings were completely destroyed, and more than 22,000 buildings were partially destroyed. On August 9, a second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. Nagasaki has a population of approximately 270,000, with more than 23,000 dead and 43,000 injured. The atomic bomb caused huge disasters to the Japanese people. The picture shows the scene when the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima.

The Imperial Council of the Emperor of Japan and the circumstances before and after

Starting from August 9, 1945, Japan held a supreme war guidance meeting to discuss whether to accept the Potsdam Declaration. Seven people including the Foreign Minister said they should accept it, while three people including the Prime Minister Lu opposed it. On the morning of August 14, a royal meeting was held in the air-raid shelter of the palace. Prime Minister Suzuki reported the status of recent meetings and asked the Emperor for final ruling. The commanders-in-chief of the army and navy and the land minister Anand stood up one after another, bursting into tears, and begged the emperor to allow another note to the allies, hoping that the allies would agree to maintain the emperor system. If the allies refused, they would have no choice but to continue the war and survive in the hope of death. At this time, the venue was miserable and silent. Finally, Emperor Hirohito made a speech, briefly saying: If the war continues, both the state and the country will be destroyed, and even the mother and child will be lost; if the war is stopped now, the foundation for future development can be left. When the emperor spoke, there were often sobbing sounds in the venue, and sometimes he even cried loudly. The militaristic invaders reaped the consequences and ended up in a miserable state.

After the emperor's speech, Prime Minister Suzuki announced: Immediately draft an armistice edict. The meeting ended at noon. Diehard elements also broke into the palace that night and tried to steal the audio recording of the emperor's broadcast edict, but failed. The die-hard leader Lu Xiang Anan Weiji committed suicide by caesarean section at his official residence that night. At noon on August 15, the Emperor of Japan broadcast an edict accepting the "Potsdam Proclamation" and the unconditional surrender of the entire country's troops.

Illustration "Japanese Surrender Ceremony"

At about 9 a.m. on September 2, 1945, a grand surrender ceremony was held on the US battleship "Missouri" anchored in Tokyo Bay. . First, Japanese Foreign Minister Aoi Shigemitsu signed the instrument of surrender on behalf of the Japanese emperor and government, and Army Chief of Staff Yoshijiro Umezu signed the instrument of surrender on behalf of the Imperial Headquarters. Then, the representatives of the Allies and Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, General MacArthur, the United States, Admiral Nimitz, China, General Xu Yongchang, the United Kingdom, Admiral Foreser, the Soviet Union, Lieutenant General Derevyako, and Australia, Canada, Representatives from France, the Netherlands, New Zealand and other countries signed in turn. At this point, the defeat and surrender of Japanese imperialism went down in history, and the anti-fascist World War II also ended with the victory of the Allied Powers. Casualties in World War II

During World War II, tens of thousands of people died on the battlefield, in bombings, massacres, or died of disease and starvation. Their numbers were so large and tragic. The extent is unprecedented.

According to the latest and most accurate statistics made by the Special Committee established in 1988, the Soviet Union died 27 million people during the more than four years of war, including 8.7 million Russian soldiers. History Magazine, 1992, Issue 3, pp. 219-224. .

In China’s eight-year war of resistance, about 35 million people were killed or injured, of which more than 300,000 were killed by the Japanese invading army in the Nanjing Massacre alone. People’s Daily, September 1995 4th, 1st edition. .

The death toll in Poland reached more than 6 million, accounting for 22% of the total population of the country at that time. The death toll in Yugoslavia was more than 1.7 million, or 1 in 9 people died. The death tolls in the United States, Britain, and France were 405,000, 375,000, and more than 600,000 respectively.

The victory of the World Anti-Fascist War was won with the precious lives of millions of people, and it deserves to be remembered by people all over the world for generations to come.

The Axis powers that launched the invasion also paid a very heavy price for this war: 6.5 million people died in Germany, and 1.6 million people died in Germany’s slave countries in Europe. According to German official recognition, the German troops in the Soviet Union and Germany There were 2.395 million Japanese killed on the battlefield, while the number of German casualties announced by the Soviet Union was 6.9237 million (including Austrians, Alsace-Lorraine, and Sudetenlanders). 1.7258 million people died on the front lines. , 2.5 million people in Japan died in the war.

Although the above figures are not entirely accurate, they are enough to show how much sacrifice humanity has suffered in just 6 years!