What period and what religion's artistic achievements did Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes reflect?

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes is the general name of Mogao Grottoes and West Thousand Buddha Cave in Dunhuang City, Gansu Province. It is one of the four largest grottoes in China and the largest and best-preserved Buddhist art treasure house in the world.

The Mogao Grottoes are located 25 kilometers southeast of Dunhuang City, and are dug on the cliff at the eastern foot of Mingsha Mountain. The length from north to south is about 1.600 meters, and it is arranged in five layers from top to bottom. The height is strewn at random, row upon row, shaped like a honeycomb pigeon house, spectacular and unusual. It is the largest and richest treasure house of classical culture and art in China, and also a world-famous Buddhist art center. 1987 12 is listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO.

In the second year of Fujian Jianyuan before Qin Dynasty (AD 366), a shaman believer came here, and when he saw the golden light on Mingsha Mountain and the Thousand Buddha Cave, he sprouted the heart of digging, and later became a Buddhist holy place, named Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as Thousand Buddha Cave.

Although the Mogao Grottoes have been invaded by nature and destroyed by human beings in the long years, there are still 492 caves in the Sixteen Kingdoms, Northern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Xixia and Yuan Dynasties, with more than 45,000 square meters of murals and more than 2,000 colored sculptures, making it the largest treasure house of Buddhist art in the world. If the murals are arranged, it can stretch for more than 30 kilometers, making it the longest, largest and richest gallery in the world. In recent decades, scholars at home and abroad have taken great interest in Dunhuang art, and have continued to study it, forming a special discipline "Dunhuang Studies".

Mogao Grottoes is an art hall integrating ancient buildings, sculptures and murals, especially colorful murals. The capacity and content of Dunhuang murals are incomparable to any religious grottoes, temples and palaces in the world today. Looking around the cave and the ceiling, Buddha statues, flying clouds, geisha music, fairies and so on are painted everywhere. There are Buddhist story paintings, classic paintings, Buddhist historical paintings, miraculous paintings, portraits of patrons, and various exquisite decorative patterns. The sculptures in Mogao Grottoes have long enjoyed a good reputation. There are sitting statues as high as 33 meters, and there are also small bodhisattvas of more than ten centimeters. Statues are preserved in most caves, which is a large sculpture museum.

Mogao Grottoes is a great art palace and an encyclopedia of images. Mogao Grottoes 196 1 were listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council. 1987 was listed as a world cultural heritage protection project by UNESCO, and was awarded the "World Cultural Heritage" certificate on 199 1.

Foreign tourists' evaluation of Mogao Grottoes is:

"Seeing the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang is equivalent to seeing the ancient civilizations all over the world."

"The Mogao Grottoes are the longest, largest and richest galleries in the world."

It is the greatest treasure house of existing Buddhist art in the world.

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes were built in 366 AD. During the Qing Dynasty 1500, more than 480 caves were built on the upper wall of the three-mile Mingsha Mountain, covered with colorful Buddha statues and murals with Buddhist stories. There are more than 2,000 colorful Buddha statues, the largest of which is 33 meters high. The murals are superb in skill and amazing in number. If one side is connected, it can be arranged as a gallery of more than 50 Li Long. In addition, a large number of ancient scrolls, documents, scrolls and so on with high value were found in a closed stone room.