What are the advantages and disadvantages of Zheng-Bian integration?

The development of human economy and society needs motivation. Under the condition of market economy, this driving force is twofold: it is driven by the kinetic energy of "economic man" pursuing his own interests at the micro level, and it is also tilted by policies at the meso and macro levels. Of course, the combination of the two often requires special conditions or opportunities. Today, Kaifeng is facing an excellent development opportunity, that is, due to the special weather and geographical conditions of Kaifeng and Zhengzhou, the outline of the "Eleventh Five-Year" development plan of Henan Province and the Outline of the Overall Development Plan of Central Plains Urban Agglomeration of the Provincial Development and Reform Commission clearly put forward that it is necessary to realize the integrated development of Zhengzhou and Bian.

Zheng Kaifeng, a city with four rings, has a unique advantage of "integration"

The development strategy of Central Plains urban agglomeration is Kaifeng, Luoyang, Xinxiang, Xuchang, Luohe, Pingdingshan, Jiaozuo and Jiyuan, with Zhengzhou, the provincial capital, as the core, as the leader and as the radiation source. Undoubtedly, the development strategy of Zhongyuan urban agglomeration is an urban agglomeration development strategy that seeks the optimal allocation of resources among provinces, maximizes the input and output of meso-economy, and strives to enhance its competitiveness with powerful central cities in neighboring provinces. However, if we compare the eight cities outside Kaifeng in perspective, it should be said that most of them are better than Kaifeng. However, in the overall development pattern of Central Plains urban agglomeration, Kaifeng's development strategy is Zheng-Bian integration. Obviously, "integration" is not the same as "city circle"-the marginal city in the city circle is just a point overlooking the central city. The relationship between "integrated" cities and central cities is a "first-line" relationship. It can also be said that cities that are "integrated" with the central cities live in the core layer and the tight layer of the city circle, while the cities in the city circle are only in the peripheral layer.

As we all know, there are four cities around Zhengzhou, the provincial capital, namely Kaifeng, Xinxiang, Luoyang and Xuchang. Why is Kaifeng the only city that has achieved the treatment of "integrated development" with Zhengzhou, while the other three cities can only "look at the ocean and sigh"? The author believes that this is mainly determined by the geo-economy of Zhengzhou and Bian.

Yellow River Gejian in Xinxiang, Zhengzhou

Let's look at Zhengzhou and Xinxiang first.

The map of Henan Province shows that Xinxiang is 70 kilometers away from Zhengzhou, which is comparable to the distance from Zhengzhou to Kaifeng of 67 kilometers. Based on this, it is reported that Xinxiang is also competing with Zhengzhou for "integrated" treatment. But I think the integration of Zheng Xin is very unrealistic.

First, the administrative boundary of Zhengzhou to the north only reaches the south bank of the Yellow River, but it is more than ten kilometers; Xinxiang's administrative boundary is nearly 50 kilometers south to the north bank of the Yellow River. If Zheng Xin is integrated, it means that Xinxiang has to rely on its own financial resources to build a big city of more than 50 kilometers, which is probably beyond Xinxiang's power.

Second, more importantly, there is a natural barrier between Zheng Xin and the Yellow River, so it is difficult to regard Zheng Xin as a closely connected city in terms of topography and people's psychological settings. It should be noted that rivers and mountains are usually the natural boundaries between ancient and modern Chinese and foreign administrative divisions.

Third, due to the natural barrier of the Yellow River, many special policies for the integration of the two cities are also difficult to implement. For example, it is difficult to cancel the Yellow River Bridge toll, and the postal code and long-distance area code are not uniform.

Zhengzhou and Luoyang are too far apart.

Secondly, let's look at Zhengzhou and Luoyang.

The author believes that it is impossible to achieve "integration" between Zheng and Luo. The main reasons are as follows:

First, the distance from Zhengzhou to Luoyang is 135km, which is more than 1 times that of Zhengzhou. The two cities are too far apart! Moreover, between Zhengzhou and Luoyang, there are three county-level cities, Xingyang, Gongyi and Yanshi. It is difficult to regard Zhengzhou and Luoyang as an "integrated" city.

Secondly, the geography between Zhengzhou and Luoyang is very complicated, and there are hills stretching for thousands of valleys, which makes it impossible to regard Zhengzhou and Luoyang as an "integrated" city.

In fact, Luoyang is positioned as a sub-central city or a sub-central city in the Central Plains urban agglomeration, which is in parallel with Zhengzhou Shuangfeng, so it is not appropriate to mention the integration of Zhengzhou and Luoyang.

Zhengzhou Xuchang "earth gas" does not pick up.

Thirdly, let's look at Zhengzhou and Xuchang again.

The author thinks that it is unrealistic for Zheng Xu to implement "integration". There are three main reasons:

2 Geo-economy makes Zheng Bian join hands with scholars to suggest that Zhengzhou be directly under the jurisdiction of the Central Government.

First, the distance from Zhengzhou to Xuzhou is 90 kilometers, which is 23 kilometers more than that from Zhengzhou to Yanbian. It is conceivable that the investment in realizing urban integration at such a long distance is huge.

Second, there are two cities between Zhengzhou and Xuzhou, Xinzheng and Changge, which are not connected, so it is difficult to regard Zhengzhou and Xuzhou as an "integrated" city.

Third, if Xu Zheng really wants to implement "integration", then Xinzheng International Airport will be included in the urban area. And we know that airports, especially international airports, should be far away from urban areas. The author believes that this alone determines that Zheng Xu should not implement "integration".

Kaifeng and Zhengzhou are the most feasible

Finally, let's analyze Zhengzhou and Kaifeng.

Although the distance between Zhengzhou and Kaifeng is 67 kilometers, due to Zhengzhou's intention to develop eastward, Kaifeng has vigorously developed westward in recent years, and the actual straight-line distance between the two cities has been greatly shortened to 39.2 kilometers. Therefore, the implementation of Zheng-Bian integration is the most feasible.

In addition, the landforms between Zhengzhou and the side branches are all plains, and there are no rivers and mountains separated, which also supports the "integration" of Zhengzhou and the side branches from the "geographical location".

The author notes that the wording used by the Development and Reform Commission of Henan Province in the Outline of the Overall Development Plan of Central Plains Urban Agglomeration is: the integration of Zhengzhou and Bian should give priority to development. The word "priority promotion" can be said to carry a lot of weight. This is because "priority promotion" means that the integration of Zhengzhou and Bian is the breakthrough of the development of the Central Plains urban agglomeration; It means that the development focus of the Central Plains urban agglomeration is the integration of Zhengzhou and Bian. It means that Kaifeng's future development will gain more "policy inclination" and will "eat a small stove"; This means that more investment will be injected into Kaifeng ... In short, all this means that Kaifeng is facing an excellent development opportunity with high "gold content"!

Looking back on the development history of Kaifeng since the founding of New China, we can clearly see that Kaifeng missed development opportunities again and again, and Kaifeng inevitably fell behind. First of all, in 1954, Henan Province moved to Zhengzhou, Kaifeng declined from the status of the peak city in Henan, and Zhengzhou flourished. Secondly, during the "First Five-Year Plan" period, the state focused on Luoyang, which rose. Thirdly, Jiaozuo, Pingdingshan, Puyang and other cities in Henan Province rely on resource advantages to become bigger and stronger. Kaifeng has no enviable mineral resources, and it is relatively backward. Since then, the reform and opening up has made Luohe as an "inland special zone" eat the policy "small stove" and develop rapidly; Shangqiu has also rapidly "expanded" with the advantage of "Dajingjiu" ... Now, after more than 50 years, Kaifeng has finally ushered in a new opportunity for the integrated development of Zhengzhou and Kaifeng. This opportunity is really hard to get; This opportunity is precious!

Zhengzhou-Bian integration has brought many "benefits" to Kaifeng.

The author believes that the "benefits" brought by the integration of Zhengzhou and Bian can be divided into two categories: one is tangible benefits and the other is intangible benefits.

Tangible "good"

1. With the promotion of Zhengzhou-Bian integration, all kinds of investment will increase rapidly, and infrastructure construction, manufacturing and logistics in Kaifeng will flourish.

2. The tourism and catering industry in Kaifeng will be greatly improved.

3. The price of real estate in Kaifeng will increase obviously, and the wealth of all owners who own real estate in Kaifeng will "increase day by day".

The employment situation in Kaifeng will obviously improve, and the average wage level is expected to increase.

5. Kaifeng's GDP and tax revenue will increase rapidly.

Invisible "good"

1. Kaifeng will have a "political business card" in the future-after the integration of Zhengzhou and Bian, Zhengzhou will be Zhengzhou, Kaifeng will also be "Zhengzhou", and Kaifeng will also be "the first good area in Henan". Therefore, Kaifeng will inevitably increase the weight of political and cultural weights. It is conceivable that many political, cultural, economic and social activities in our province, even the whole country and the world will be held in Kaifeng. As a result, all kinds of media will increase publicity and reports on Kaifeng, and Kaifeng's weight in the province will become more and more famous in the country and even the world.

2. The university education in Kaifeng will greatly benefit from this-in the past, Henan University was named as "Henan" because it was located in Kaifeng, but because it was located in Kaifeng, it was actually only Henan University in Kaifeng. This situation is a big obstacle for Henan University to gather talents and impact the first-class universities in China. A helpless fact is that compared with Zhengzhou University, which is located in the provincial capital, although the former is far more famous at home and abroad than the latter, "Henan" is not as good as "Zhengzhou". In the future, this situation will be effectively improved, and Henan University will develop better and faster on a new platform. At the same time, the development of Kaifeng University, Huanghe Water Institute and Kaifeng Institute of Education, which are also located in Kaifeng, will also have wings. And Kaifeng's secondary education (including secondary vocational education) will also benefit from it.

3 Geo-economy makes Zheng Bian join hands with scholars to suggest that Zhengzhou be directly under the jurisdiction of the Central Government.

3. The gold content of Kaifeng enterprise product brand will be obviously improved in the future-because after the integration of Zhengzhou and Bian, Kaifeng products are no longer products of "small places" in the past, but products of "big places" and "big docks". This is like a product with the same quality and function. If the place of origin is named "Shanghai", the sales volume will increase greatly.

4. Intangible assets such as knowledge, technology, patents and brands will gather in Kaifeng. This is because after Zhengzhou-Bian integration, Kaifeng's advantages of low land price and low labor price will be highlighted, thus, profit-seeking investments from all walks of life will flow into Kaifeng's investment "depression".

Four suggestions on promoting the integration of Zhengzhou and Bian.

Suggestions on upgrading Zhengzhou to a municipality directly under the Central Government

After liberation, there were only two mayors in China: Beijing and Shanghai. Later, Tianjin became a municipality directly under the central government, and Chongqing was also upgraded to a municipality directly under the central government in the late 1990s. However, the author thinks that there are too few municipalities directly under the central government in China, and the distribution is highly concentrated in the eastern region. You know, with a population of nearly 1 100 million, Henan is the most populous province in China. Since Sichuan, the province with the largest population, can be classified as a municipality directly under the central government, why can't Henan be classified as a municipality directly under the central government? If Zhengzhou is upgraded to a municipality directly under the central government, it will have an impact on the rise of central China, the central plains urban agglomeration and the integrated development of Zhengzhou and Bian. Based on this, we should actively make suggestions to the central government, emphasize the various benefits of Zhengzhou's upgrading, and hope that the central government will carefully review, study and approve it.

The city alliance strives for more investment.

Undoubtedly, Zheng-Bian integration model is the innovation of urbanization development model in China, and it is the negation of small town development model in 1980s. It embodies a new concept of the development of large and medium-sized cities, and it puts forward many countermeasures, such as canceling the tolls of two cities, unifying the numbers of two cities, changing long-distance calls into local calls, financial settlement in the same city, and coordinating the industrial planning of two cities, which are obviously creative. The central government should support a new urban development model like China, and this "experiment" should be supported by corresponding projects and funds. But Kaifeng will give up all heavy chemical pollution projects.

Set up ten colorful colleges

Kaifeng's land price is cheap, so it needs to develop large-scale projects. Education belongs to this kind of project. Kaifeng has profound humanistic background and outstanding advantages in developing education. The author believes that the following schools can be established in Kaifeng West District:

1. Establish a foreign language institute in Henan (at present, there are few foreign language departments in Henan, most of which are normal education, which is far from meeting the needs of candidates and Henan's opening up).

2. Establish Henan Institute of Physical Education (Henan is a populous province, but it is a small sports province, and this situation should be changed).

3. Establish Henan Tourism College (focusing on training hotel management and tour guides to serve the tourism industry in this province and surrounding provinces).

4. Establish Henan Academy of Fine Arts (Kaifeng has a unique advantage in this respect and is rich in students).

5. Establish Henan Cuisine College (mainly to teach the cooking methods of Henan cuisine and promote the culture of Henan cuisine. Kaifeng also has a unique advantage in this respect.

6. Establish Henan Opera College (the major can include all local operas in Henan).

7. Establish Henan Computer College.

8. Establish Henan Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture (fully meet the demand for specialized talents for accelerating urbanization in Henan).

9. Establish Henan Vocational and Technical College (at present, the country is vigorously promoting vocational education).

10. Establish Kaifeng Vocational and Technical College.

At the same time, we should also vigorously develop private secondary vocational and technical education and general secondary education in Kaifeng West District.

Construction of Forest Ecological Park between Zhengzhou and Bianzhi

In my opinion, Zheng-Bian integration can never build two cities with more than 50 kilometers of cement stone forest and high-rise buildings. If so, it is a complete failure! That will inevitably cause air pollution and noise pollution, bring many urban diseases such as "heat island effect" and make tourists feel visual fatigue. The author suggests that there should be enough wide green belts on both sides of the urban passage from Zhengzhou to Yanbian. Moreover, in the plate layout between Zhengzhou and the side branch, a large area of urban forest with single tree species (or forest species) should be interspersed from time to time (for example, a strange birch forest, a lush bamboo forest, a tall and straight pine forest, a fragrant fruit forest ...), and clear streams should pass by at regular intervals. We should realize that these greening and water supply projects will become the "green lungs" of Zhengzhou-Bianjing, which will play an irreplaceable role in dust suppression, noise reduction, fresh air, microclimate adjustment and human vision improvement, and also reflect the harmony between man and nature in modern society. Of course, it is an indispensable part of building Kaifeng into a garden city with unique personality charm and the most suitable for human habitation!

4 Geo-economy makes Zheng Bian join hands with scholars to suggest that Zhengzhou be directly under the central government.

Enlarging the "Golden Effect" of Zhengzhou-Bian Urban Corridor

After the Provincial Development and Reform Commission announced the Outline of the Overall Development Plan of Central Plains Urban Agglomeration, many people thought that it was redundant to invest 10 million yuan to build a two-way 10 lane urban passage between Jinshui East Road in Zhengzhou and Daliang Road in Kaifeng. The main reason is that there are three urban passages between Zhengzhou and Yanbian, about 10 km from north to south: one is Lianhuo Expressway, the other is National Highway 3 10, and the other is Longhai Railway. If the planned Kaifeng-Xinzheng International Airport expressway is added, the total number of passages will reach five, and if the reserved Zhengzhou-Bian Cheng light rail is added, the number of passages will reach six.

For the above social reflection, the author has seriously thought about it. The author thinks that building a new two-way 10 lane urban corridor between Zhengzhou and Bian is by no means redundant construction, and its economic and social significance is immeasurable, and its output will be n times of the investment 1029 billion yuan! The detailed analysis is as follows-

We should fully realize that the purpose of building a new Zhengzhou-Bian urban corridor is not only to facilitate Zhengzhou-Bian traffic, but also to build Zhengzhou-Bian industrial corridor, thus promoting the economic development on both sides of the road. If we don't build a new intercity corridor, can we achieve this goal effectively? In my opinion, the answer should beno. Although Lianhuo Expressway connects the traffic between Zhengzhou and Bian, it cannot promote the economic development of both sides. Because expressway is closed, people and logistics on both sides of expressway are blocked (so, most of expressway we see is farmland). Similarly, Longhai Railway can't directly promote the industrial development on both sides of the railway, because both sides of the railway can't realize the direct free flow of factors. Of course, both sides of National Highway 3 10 are open. Then, can National Highway 3 10 be transformed into a two-way 10-lane intercity passage to promote the industrial development on both sides of the highway? The author believes that this motion seems feasible on the surface, but it is not feasible in fact. Due to the narrow width of roads in 3 10 country, in order to transform them into two-way 10 lanes and leave slow lanes, sidewalks and green belts, it is necessary to demolish the already highly dense buildings on both sides of the road. It is conceivable that the cost of demolition will be amazing! If we encounter "thorn heads" and "nail households" again, the construction period will be greatly delayed. In a word, the capital cost and time cost of rebuilding 3 10 national highway are extremely expensive. And opening up a new fast track, one is not too expensive, the other is that it can greatly save the construction period, calculate the general ledger, and open up a new road with two paths. Why not? Moreover, when the new intercity corridor is completed, we will also have two Zhengzhou-Bian industrial corridors. What a great harvest! Furthermore, since Zhengzhou-Bian is to be integrated, there should be not only a few passages between cities, but main roads and secondary roads. The completed urban passage in the future will be the main road between Zhengzhou and Yanbian, and the 3 10 national road will be the secondary road. Isn't this very necessary and reasonable in urban planning?

Don't rush to get on the Zhengzhou-Bian Cheng light rail.

However, the author has reservations about the construction of urban light rail from Zhengzhou to Yanbian. The main reasons are as follows:

First, the urban light rail is the urban railway, which will inevitably form a barrier between people and logistics on both sides of the railway, which is not conducive to the development of industries along the light rail.

Secondly, the roadbed of urban light rail is paved with stones, and its arteries are four rails. This image is understandable in the wilderness, but it will greatly destroy the urban landscape when it appears in the city.

Thirdly, as far as China is concerned, only a few big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai have built urban light rail. The resident population of Beijing is more than150,000, and the city is round. Many people living in the outer ring need to commute by light rail, so the operation of light rail trains can be "full". At present, the population of Zhengzhou and Yanbian is less than 3 million, and there are very few commuters between the two cities. If the light rail is opened, assuming that there is a train every 10 minute, carrying 800 passengers and operating 15 hours a day, the number of tourists in one direction is 72,000, and that in both directions is144,000. Therefore, to be on the safe side, the author suggests that Zhengzhou-Bian urban light rail should not be put into operation within 30 years, and it is not too late to consider it again until the population of Zhengzhou-Bian exceeds100000.