What are the layout principles of elevators?

For different building types, floors, floor areas and elevator parameters, the principles of elevator selection and configuration are different. The configuration of the elevator shall conform to the relevant specifications. The general principle of elevator configuration is (1) that there should be no less than two passenger elevators in each building or service area during peak passenger flow and maintenance, and two elevators should be arranged in parallel, so as to control and rescue each other in case of failure. (2) Residents in residential buildings take elevators at random. The number of elevators can be small, but the handling of goods should be considered. It is best to adapt to the needs of emergency stretchers. The reference number of tower high-rise residential buildings is 60 households and 90 households. (3) Escalators should be mainly used between sales points in shopping malls or shopping centers, while elevators are used to connect garages and offices. The number of escalators and elevators should be set at 80% and 90% of the passenger flow undertaken by escalators. In addition, there must be freight elevators, the number of which is roughly the same as that of passenger elevators. (4) The reference number of the office building is 3000m2 5000m2. For a company-specific office building, there is no need to use elevators to stop between adjacent floors. With the reduction of the number of service floors, the weekly running time of elevators can be shortened and the transportation capacity can be improved. (5) The reference number of hotel guests using elevators is 100. In addition, a special service elevator must be provided, preferably for both passengers and goods, to avoid service personnel, sundries and guests taking the elevator. (6) High-rise buildings can use elevator service floors to stop in groups and segments, and redistribute traffic through intermediate transfer floors. High-speed elevators are used in high-rise buildings to give full play to their high-speed performance, and some elevator shafts do not need to penetrate from the bottom to the top, which also saves the space occupied by the shaft plane. (7) The goods elevator should be close to the goods outflow entrance, and the crossing with people should be minimized. (8) The elevators in the building should be concentrated in one area as far as possible, so that passengers can wait for the elevators at the same place and realize the unified distribution of elevators by passengers. When the entrance and exit of a building are two or more floors, escalators can be used to connect the traffic between the entrance floors, so that the originating floors are concentrated on the same floor. (9) Layout of passenger elevators. In order to facilitate maintenance, elevators need to be configured in pairs. Of course, there can be more than one pair, such as three sets as a group, but it is best not to exceed three sets horizontally. (10) elevator group control can give full play to the efficiency of elevators, but it should not exceed four, and it is best to use two pairs for each pair of four, which is not ideal for a row of four. Because the group control has a disadvantage, that is, sometimes the elevator just enters and closes, someone presses the signal button outside, and the door automatically opens again, so it is not advisable to have too many elevator group control. (1 1) Short wall design on both sides of the elevator door ① The shear wall has been treated with earthquake resistance, so users often can't see visual obstacles when waiting, and they are particularly annoyed when they find someone entering and rushing there. (2) The reserved design of the entrance of the retractable door of the hall, the reserved base of the control panel and the reserved design of the signal box. If the shear wall has a fatal impact on the selection and change, it will increase the construction difficulty. (3) In fact, as long as the wall is designed as a infilled wall instead of a thick seismic wall, it will be much thinner. Moreover, many holes in the wall can not play a great role in earthquake resistance. Moreover, after this wall is changed into a infilled wall, no matter what the model of the elevator is, the signal box of the elevator will not be affected by the selection. (12) Because the elevator groups in the upper and lower areas are not used above the elevators in the lower area, they can be turned into large rooms instead of above the earthquake-resistant walls, and can be used as conference rooms or databases, thus increasing the investment recovery.

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