The summer vacation is coming. How can allergic asthma patients get ready before they can travel with confidence?

Aunt Wang is an old patient with allergic asthma. How does she operate on weekdays? Listen to her own words, "I am allergic to many allergens such as pollen and mites. Usually, I need to inject anti-allergic omazumab every month in addition to inhaling enough doses of asthma inhalants. My asthma is basically stable, but one recent incident has particularly troubled me. " What's bothering Aunt Wang?

Aunt Wang came to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Hygiene and Professor Jiaxing Xie's asthma clinic of Guangzhou National Respiratory Medicine Center for follow-up. The main reason is that she wants to go to Inner Mongolia prairie with her family and children. Because she is allergic to pollen, she is going to go out after injecting omazumab. She asked Professor Xie if she could go. What other drugs does she need to prepare?

Professor Xie told us that most asthma patients can travel as long as their asthma control is relatively stable in the near future and there is no obvious shortness of breath in their daily activities. Do your homework before going out, find out the altitude, temperature and whether there is a hospital nearby. Patients who are already using bio-targeted drugs such as omazumab should be injected with bio-targeted drugs before going out.

Professor Xie told us that the basic drugs that asthma patients should prepare when they travel must not be ignored. Asthma patients mainly need to carry inhaled drugs to treat asthma. At present, the most common drugs are propafenone, Seretide and Seville. Now some asthma patients use Baigefu and Quanzaile. Before traveling, check whether the remaining drugs can cover the whole journey, and make it possible to extend the trip for various reasons (weather, epidemic prevention and control).

It is also very important that the oral drugs that need to be carried are mainly anti-allergic drugs (loratadine, cetirizine, ebastine, etc.). ) and montelukast. The need for long-term oral hormones requires adequate oral hormones. People with allergic rhinitis-sinusitis need to carry nasal sprays, such as flixonase, Renocott, Nesuna and Exepin. If you are worried about excitement and insomnia during the trip, you can also prescribe sleeping pills. Those who were not allergic to cold medicine in the past can prepare cold medicine.

Professor Xie told us that asthma patients should prepare first aid drugs for asthma when they travel. There are three main kinds of drugs: emergency aerosol or inhalation. It is recommended to take one with you:

1, short-acting bronchodilator salbutamol; Take out the salbutamol aerosol and spray it twice. 2. Budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder (160/4.5 μg). 3. Beclomethasone/formoterol inhalation aerosol (100/6 μg).

Figure: Three kinds of first-aid inhaled drugs for asthma come from the Internet.

Salbutamol aerosol (Figure ①) is a short-acting bronchodilator with quick effect. If you feel that the control is not ideal, you can spray it again every 4-8 hours. It is best to inject this aerosol no more than 8 times a day, because this medicine may cause side effects such as palpitation and shaking hands, and some patients can't tolerate it if they use it too much. On the other hand, it is a receptor-dependent drug. If it is used frequently in a short time, the follow-up effect will be discounted. Don't abuse this inhalant;

The other two (Figures ② and ③) belong to the combination of inhaled glucocorticoid and bronchodilator. The composition has quick effect, can be used for quickly relieving symptoms, and can also control airway inflammation of asthma. They are also recommended first aid drugs in recent years. Like short-acting bronchodilators, it should not be used excessively in a short time, and the number of injections per day should not exceed 4-6 times.

Which asthma groups are suitable for some atomizing drugs?

Professor Xie told us that a few patients with obvious asthma symptoms and weak lung function can also take atomized drugs when they go out. Atomization inhalation method is to use high-speed airflow to spray the liquid medicine in the form of aerosol, and then inhale it through the respiratory tract to achieve the purpose of treatment. Because asthma patients have difficulty breathing during the attack, it is difficult to inhale inhaled drugs such as budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder. Using atomization can make the drug directly reach the deep airway, without the cooperation of patients, and the effect is better.

Commonly used atomizing drugs include salbutamol, terbutaline, budesonide, beclomethasone and so on. , are independent small packages, easy to carry, and can be atomized immediately to relieve symptoms.

Micro-mesh atomizer is recommended. Micro-mesh atomizer has the advantages of fine and uniform drug particles, less dosage, less drug residue, long service life and convenient use at home and abroad. Because of its small size, it is very convenient to charge with ordinary batteries or plug in USB.

Figure: Schematic diagram of "Micronet Atomizer", which comes from the network.

Of course, you can also carry a "compressor pump atomizer". At present, this atomizer is relatively small in size, but it needs to be plugged in when it is used, and it can be used in hotels. The atomizer of compressor pump can be purchased on various platforms online, ranging from 200- 1500 yuan, and it is easy to use.

Figure: Schematic diagram of "compressor pump atomizer", which comes from the network.

Figure: Schematic diagram of atomized drug budesonide, from the network.

In addition to the emergency aerosol mentioned above, there are also some experienced asthma patients, especially severe asthma patients, whose blood routine eosinophils are significantly increased. Oral hormones such as prednisone can be prepared when going out, especially in places with remote tourist destinations and relatively few medical resources. In case of acute attack, it is difficult to go to the hospital for a while, you can take 4-6 pills of hormone orally immediately, and then see a doctor as soon as possible. Professor Xie has made a scientific research on why 37-year-old men have acute attacks. ..... Is there any immediate cure for his unusual asthma? .

Professor Xie told us that patients with acute asthma attacks in the past could take a "peak flow meter" when they went out. This device is as important as a sphygmomanometer for hypertensive patients and as important as a blood glucose meter for diabetic patients. The device can measure the patient's maximum expiratory flow (PEF) to monitor asthma.

The peak current meter is easy to carry and operate, and can be tested at home. If the PEF value has recently dropped to 60-80% or lower of the personal optimal value, you need to be alert to the risk of acute attack. Rest as soon as possible, see a doctor or use asthma inhalation drugs. You can buy it on all platforms on the Internet, about 100 yuan. After buying it, you should consult an expert on how to use it. There are also many teaching videos on the Internet.

Figure: The schematic diagram of "peak ammeter" comes from the network.

"Oximeter", when asthma patients have an attack, the heart rate is accelerated due to continuous spasm and hypoxia in the airway, and the pulse or heart rate often exceeds 100 or even faster. If you have a finger pulse oxygen saturator at home, you can PRess and hold it with your finger for 5- 10 second to display the oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pulse (pr), which can be used to judge the degree of illness. When repeated measurements show that the oxygen saturation is lower than 92% and the heart rate is higher than 100, it usually means that asthma is more serious, and it is necessary to use emergency medicine or seek medical treatment as soon as possible.

All kinds of platforms can be purchased online, generally around 100-300 yuan, and it is also very simple to use. Asthmatic patients who usually need to use inhaled drugs for a long time can carry this oximeter when they go out, which is very small, especially for patients who go to higher altitude areas.

Figure: Schematic diagram of "oximeter", from the network.

Finally, Professor Xie also reminded us that because many asthma patients suffer from rhinitis, sinusitis and even nasal polyps at the same time, we know that rhinitis, sinusitis and asthma belong to the same airway and disease. For this kind of patients, it is recommended to have a nose washer and wash the nose with normal saline every day, which has a good effect. The nose washer is very small in size, and the nose washing salt is packaged in small packages, which is convenient to carry. # Health knowledge plan #