How deep is the sea? beyond your imagination

70% of the earth's surface is surrounded by oceans, and 90% of the water on the earth is seawater. So the earth is actually an ocean planet. But humans know very little about the ocean. It is said that it does not exceed 5%, which is similar to people’s understanding of the universe.

So how deep is the average depth of the ocean? The average is 3680 meters. The average height of the global land mass is only 860 meters. Therefore, the ocean is quite deep and wide compared to the land. Then the deepest place in the ocean is in the "Mariana Trench". This trench is more than 11,000 meters deep. Much higher than Mount Everest. The total distance from the top of Mount Everest to the deepest point of the Mariana Trench is 20,000 meters.

At 3 meters in the ocean, the normal swimming depth of people does not exceed 3 meters. At 20-30 meters in the ocean, there are mainly coral reefs and aquatic plants growing in this area. 40 meters further down, this The depth is the limit depth of general "recreational diving". If the diving depth exceeds 40 meters, people will have joint pain and dizziness, which is similar to the "altitude sickness". Strangely, it will also occur when people walk up. This symptom will also occur if you go down. I just want you not to go to those places! ! Then the deepest swimming pool in the world is also 40 meters. In Italian hotels, it is a swimming pool specially used for diving enthusiasts. This hotel is called Montegrotto Terme. People who like diving come to this hotel and then dive in this swimming pool, which is very safe. Go further down to 70 meters into the ocean. At this depth, people will have hallucinations. Then the whale shark, the largest fish in the world, generally lives in this water. Continue to dive down to 100 meters; this depth is the limit depth of professional diving. Then there is a species called "North Pacific Giant Octopus" living at this depth. This octopus can change colors like a chameleon and grows very large. , more than 6 meters long, so it was often considered a sea monster in ancient times. Diving further down to 130 meters, this depth is currently the deepest depth where "underwater weddings" are held in the world. In 2014, two people held a wedding at this depth, one Japanese and one American. These two are professional divers. They held this wedding in Thailand. And the priest also dived down with him. Continue down to 200 meters underwater. Usually, we call it the "deep sea" below 200 meters of water, because below this depth there is not enough light to produce photosynthesis, so there are basically no green-leafed plants below this depth. But there is a fish called the "oarfish" at this depth. Also called "Sea Dragon King". Very long. Well there is an extreme sport called "free diving". Just how deep can you dive in one breath? The current world record is an Austrian named "Herbert Nitsch". In 2007, he dived to 214 meters in one breath. Usually this is not possible. Why? Because most people will start to hallucinate when they exceed 100 meters, and a lot of pressure will be generated, which will crush people's internal organs. The lungs and chest will become compressed, making it impossible to breathe. But by using pressure on his abdomen, he pushed his internal organs up and supported his lungs so they wouldn't collapse. Therefore, it is impossible for ordinary people to dive to this depth.

Dive further to 300 meters, where you can encounter the big crab that everyone often yells at. The scientific name of this crab is "Gigantis gan's crab". The legs are extremely long and the head is extremely small. These legs can be more than 4 meters long. So besides crabs, there are actually people who have been to this place. In fact, the deepest one can dive to with the help of oxygen is 332 meters. This is the record set by the Egyptian diver and world record holder "Ahmed Gamal Gabr" in 2014. One day in 2014, he carried an oxygen tank and dived to this depth in 15 minutes. He originally wanted to dive to this depth. 350 meters, but when he dived to 332 meters, he lost consciousness and then had various hallucinations. So he had no choice but to dive here and start to surface. It only took him 15 minutes to dive, but it took 13 minutes to surface. Half an hour, so the total time for this record was 14 hours. Why is the float so slow? It's because his oxygen bottle is not just oxygen. And nitrogen and all kinds of gases. After he inhaled the gas. All these gases were pressed into his blood. It might be a bubble in itself, but under that pressure there would be nothing.

In fact, his blood is full of bubbles. If he floats up quickly, the bubbles in his blood vessels will expand rapidly. Then people will explode. Or oxygen poisoning may occur. This can also cause permanent damage to the central nervous system of the eye. Therefore, it is necessary to float up slowly, allowing the gas in his blood to pass through the lungs and come back little by little. So float slowly at a speed of 25 meters per hour. It took 13 and a half hours to float. But during his dive, 30 staff members surrounded him. So it is relatively safe. This is the world record so far. What I generally call diving is around 300-500 meters underwater.

Dive further to 500 meters. Once you reach this depth, it is no longer the world of humans. The world mentioned above is all the world of humans. This enters the animal world. The blue whale is one of the largest animals in the world. Its ultimate diving depth is 500 meters. Not only is its body big, its roar is also particularly loud. The sound it makes in water can reach 188 decibels. It was louder than that of the fighter jet. And its sound can travel 1,600 kilometers. It can use this roar to call whales 1,600 kilometers away. In addition to blue whales, there is another unexpected thing that can swim in this place, which is penguins. The largest species of penguins is called emperor penguin. It can easily dive to more than 500 meters. And you can swim 500 meters for 10 minutes. This is one of the most stress-resistant birds. This depth is equivalent to the height of Taipei 101.

Further down to 600 meters. There is a kind of fish called "big-fin anal fish". This kind of fish has a transparent head and upward-facing eyes. Therefore, it cannot look forward, but can only look up, which means it does not need to look down. This kind of fish cannot be caught, and will explode if caught. Continue diving to 700 meters, where the European eels live. Dive further down to 900 meters, where the giant squid lives. It is more than ten meters long, and its eyes are as big as a human head. You may think that the king squid is very rare and rare, but in fact there should be many king squids, but we rarely go to that depth, so we didn’t see it. How many do you know? How do you know there are a lot of this giant squid? It has a certain relationship with that kind of thing, which I will mention in a moment! Dive further to 1,000 meters and enter what is called the "semi-deep sea". There is no light at all in this area, and there are fewer animals living in this area. 1,300 meters, one of the largest sea turtles among sea turtles called the "leather turtle" lives in this area. This species of sea turtle has a soft shell. It will also go to the beach to lay eggs, and then return to this depth, and There is also a very scary shark called the European sharpnose shark living in this place. Because it looks very much like a "Goblin", it is also called a "Goblin Shark". Its biggest feature is that its mouth and jaws are separate. When it opens its mouth to eat, its teeth fly out to bite the object, and then retract it. Arrived at 1700 meters. A very cute thing actually appeared. This thing is also on land. There is a kind called "Southern Elephant Seal". This is the largest species of seals. Its nose is also very big. This seal can dive to this depth. , an adult can reach a weight of 5 tons. The body length can also reach 7 meters. At 2,000 meters, there is a fish called "Black Arowana" at this depth. This fish looks like an alien fish, with black pointed teeth. Much like Venom from the movie. There is a glow on its body and whiskers, and its glow can attract other fish, and then it bites these prey. 3000 meters further down. At this depth, we enter the "deep sea zone". At this depth, the water temperature is only 1-2 degrees, there is no light at all, and the water pressure is as low as more than 300 atmospheres. Fish are rarely seen at this depth. But there is a very large fish living here called the "sperm whale". It can dive to 3,000 meters, making it the deepest dive among whales. What does it do when it dives to this depth? It dives here to find the king squid, which it likes to eat. Even the king squid can't dive as deep as it. Sperm whales can hold a breath for more than an hour. How do you know that the number of giant squids on the seabed is huge? It's through this sperm whale. After the sperm whale was caught, its stomach was cut open, and there were a large number of king squid mouths in its stomach. The entire body of the giant squid is soft, only its mouth is hard. Whatever cannot be digested remains in its stomach. Judging from the mouth in its stomach, sperm whales around the world eat about 5 million king squid every year.

How many king squid do you think there are under the water? So why is the sperm whale called a sperm whale? "Matcha" is tea powder. What is "smearing incense"? It is the "fragrant" powder. It is after grinding that incense, like "agarwood" into powder. Ancient people used it to make some spices. Sperm whales are just so delicious. What place smells so good? The mouth of the giant squid in its stomach is always entangled with its gastric juices. Then in the end it forms something like a "gastrolith". After this stone is taken out, it will emit this fragrance all year round. That's why it's called a sperm whale. Well, the royal family used to use this thing. Use it to make perfume. And then to 3700 meters. There is a boat parked at this place. Titanic. The Titanic and Jack sank at this depth in 1912. So more than 100 years have passed and to this day the ship has not been salvaged. And it has been registered as a world-class "underwater cultural heritage". Such a fish "viperfish" lives at a distance of 4,000 meters. This type of deep-sea fish has very little food, so once you bite it, you must not let it run away. That's why the teeth are so long. Then to 6000 meters. At this place we enter what is called the "ultra-deep sea zone". Well, Japan has a submarine called "Deep Sea 6500". In 1989, he dived to a depth of 6,500 meters. Later, in 2012, the Chinese submarine "Jiaolong" dived to 7,000 meters. 8178 meters further down. This depth is the deepest where fish have been found. In April 2017, a Chinese deep-sea exploration team discovered a white fish at more than 8,150 meters. Then in August, a Japanese team also discovered the same fish in this location. This fish does not yet have an official name. It is currently called "Mariana snail fish". Whether this can swim to deeper places is not yet known. Or I don’t know if there are other fish in deeper places. Then go to 10660 meters. A huge single-celled protist was discovered here. Although this creature is a single-celled organism, its body is 20 centimeters long. One cell is 20 centimeters. Our cells are so small that they cannot be seen. One of them is only 20 centimeters.

Next, let’s take a look at the deepest point in the ocean, which is the Mariana Trench. Its deepest point is called the “Challenger Deep”. This place is mainly "11034 meters". In fact, this trench was measured in the 1950s. How was it measured? The deepest sonar can only detect around 1,000 to 2,000 meters. This was measured using a bomb. According to this sonic analysis. So the total number of people who have reached this depth so far is 4 people. Two of them arrived at this place in 1960. One is called "Donald Walsh." One is called "Jacques Picard". They descended to a depth of 10,916 meters. They dived to this depth for more than five hours. But when we arrived at the bottom of the sea, we found a cracked window. Float up immediately. But before they surfaced, they looked around as much as possible. They actually had flounder. The next time he dived to this depth was Cameron in 2012. He is supported by grants from National Geographic and Rolex. Dive to this depth. He stayed at the bottom of the water for more than two hours. According to it, he saw something 3 cm long that looked like a shrimp. I didn't see anything else. He said the bottom of the ocean was like the surface of the moon. The last time I reached this depth was in April and May 2019, when I dived to this place twice in a row. He is a shareholder of an American private equity fund, "Victor Vescovo". He is an undersea explorer. According to him, he saw nothing on the bottom of the sea, only a pile of garbage bags.