Idiom story

When Chu and Han contended, Liu Bang ordered his general Han Xin to lead troops to attack Zhao. Wang Zhao took 200,000 troops to meet the enemy in Jingxingguan, Taihang Mountain.

At that time, Han Xin only brought twelve thousand troops. In order to defeat Zhao Jun, he stationed 10,000 people by the river and formed a backwater array. In addition, 2,000 Qingqi were sent to lurk around Zhao's military camp. After the war, Zhao Ying's 200,000 troops killed 10,000 Han troops by the river. In the face of the enemy, the Han army had no way to escape, but had to fight to the death. This is a lurking 2,000 soldiers using their weaknesses to attack Zhao Ying. Zhao was attacked from front to back and was quickly defeated by Han Xin. After the war, someone asked Han Xin, "There is water behind the taboo of military strategists. Why did the general knowingly commit a crime? " Han Xin said with a smile: "The word' Zi' came into being after death, which is also recorded in the Art of War."

Last battle: last stand, do or die. It means fight to the death.

Quarrying a pile of soil by the river, Li Bai is famous for ages;

There are poems coming and going, making a big axe in front of Lu Ban.

This is the name of Li Bais Tomb written by a poet in the Ming Dynasty. Li Bai was a world-famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, and his fame spread through the ages after his death. How many literati pass by Li Bai's tomb and miss stopping for a minute to express their inner feelings by chanting poems. And their behavior can only be arty, "playing tricks in front of Lu Ban", which is too much.

Lu Ban was a native of Lu during the Warring States Period. He is an expert in making exquisite instruments. People call him an "able man", and people always regard him as the ancestor of carpenters. Who dares to show off his axe skills in front of Lu Ban, that is to say, to show off his skills in front of experts? This ridiculous behavior of being too modest is referred to as "playing axe in front of Lu Ban" or "playing axe in front of Lu Ban". This is similar to the saying of "playing broadsword in front of Guan Gong".

As a matter of fact, the idiom "teach fish to swim" took shape as early as the Tang Dynasty. Writer Liu Zongyuan has such a sentence in a preface: "Fuck the axe at the door of the class, Yaner!" It means too thick-skinned to show off the skills of using an axe in front of Lu Ban and Ren Ying (also skilled axe hands).

This idiom is sometimes used as a word of self-modesty, which means that you dare not show off your skills in front of experts.

Yan Suochi Liu Tang;

The second part: the tower of cannon town.

Origin and allusion: This association is that Gan Long went to Jiangnan for a scientific investigation, and the two candidates were neck and neck, so Gan Long gave it a try. One of them turned and left on the spot, and the other wanted to leave angrily for a long time. Ganlong goes first. When ministers asked him why, Gan Long said, "My alliance is absolute, and those who can judge at a glance will be highly talented." Indeed, this couplet can be said to be absolute. The five characters "fire, gold, water, earth and wood" are engraved on it, and the artistic conception is wonderful: the quiet pond surrounded by green willows is deeply shrouded by layers of smoke, which is simply a landscape painting. After several years, someone finally got the bottom line: "Guns make towers." Literally, it is also a five-behavior bias, but the artistic conception is far from the upper part, just barely. Later, there were waves of people: climbing the temple bell in Shencun. Tea boils and chisels the wall spring. The artistic conception of these two couplets is slightly better, but the position of the five elements is not consistent. Or wait for people of insight to continue.

Yan Suochi Liu Tang;

In the Ming Dynasty, Wu Xia Zhang Lingyi, in "Don't Remember the Legend of Immortals", asked Yu Gong to say:

Ji xiangxian is loyal.

These five words include five parties, east, west, north and south, which are based on five parties versus five elements.

In addition, Chen Zisheng made three antitheses in the Collection of the Legacy of Zhongzhou Caotang, which were included in Liu Boqu's four poems. All five elements are anti-five elements. One is:

The lamp hangs down the brocade threshold wave.

The poem is: "Smoke locks the pond willow, and the lamp hangs the brocade threshold wave. Echoing the first dance, folding willows will listen to music. " "The lamp hangs down the brocade threshold wave, and the smoke locks the pool. Dreaming of the Five Lakes, Langjia Dikou. " Generally speaking, the antithesis in a poem is not a couplet if it is not used alone. However, Chen said in the preface of two poems: "The guest has the word' Yansuochi' and its five elements, which are subordinate to antithesis. Because of this, it has become two poems of Liu Boqu, which is in line with good people. " It can be seen that "the lamp hangs down the brocade threshold wave" is specially written for "Liu Tang in Yansuochi", which is relatively independent, so it is read as a couplet here. When the lamp is hung, it is also called "filling the lamp". The second is:

Peak sales are extremely prosperous.

The poem is: "The pool willow in the tobacco house is extremely prosperous." The east branch stops the spring water, and the south wing complains about the autumn wind. "("the song of the continued lock willow selling flood ") the third is:

The bell sinks, and the desk lamp sinks.

The poem is: "Smoke locks the pool willow, and the bell sinks the desk lamp. The heart of the lamp is red and dense, and the eyes are blue and clear. " ("Smoke Tank")

The Continuation of Bridge Exchange contains two opposites between Yi Tu and samurai. The sentence cloud:

In autumn, the valleys are scattered.

Wu sentence cloud:

Gun City Tower.

For more than 200 years, the most popular antithesis-Wutu, seems to have become the recognized standard antithesis of "Yansuochi Liu Tang".

"Little Bean Shed" also said that Jing in Shanxi was very famous when he was young. When I was three years old, my sister got married and returned to Ningxiang. My father ordered her to write poems. She replied, "The day before yesterday, I went home, but now it's just the opposite. It's easy to change your sad face and you will feel a smile. " Father ordered its "smoke lock pond willow", and the right way:

The waves warm the golden peach.

Warm, a variant of warm, is used to stand on the side of "fire"

While the south tower essays quoted a pair of sentences in Jiangsu, said:

Zhenjiang gun rack.

The confrontation with the "clearing money" is as follows:

Dengshen Village Temple Bell.

There are also many rivalries among people nearby. "Ming Lian Anecdote" said that twenty years ago, a professor in Peking University had a paragraph:

Tea boils and chisels the wall spring.

In this book, Mr. Liang Yusheng also introduced the comparison methods of some other friends. Chen Jingzhi has two sentences. One is:

Rich desert elm.

The second is:

Taodang Jin Lang Dike.

Well, this refers to fiery red charcoal, and this refers to red.

Luo Guangbin also has two sentences, which are also included in this poem. One is:

Gangcheng teppanyaki

Teppanyaki is a food. Heat the iron plate first, then put in fresh meat and vegetables, cover it and eat. The poem where this sentence is located is Appreciation in the Rotating Hall: "Iwasuochi Liu Tang, the port city teppanyaki. Adding green ants to the rotating hall makes the scenery worry-free. " The second is:

Ting Pei Zhu Jin Deng

Ting, Zhou Xiao in the water. Farming, ridging and planting lamp posts. This sentence comes from "White Swan Hotel Banquet": "Smoke locks the pond willow, and the pavilion wears Zhu Jin lights. Inviting Zhuhai night, the corner is full of brilliance. "

Chen has a saying, saying:

Deng Ming ink painting building

Ming, remember.

Zhang and antithesis is:

Lamp pin Shenzhen bridge.

In addition, there are people who are right:

Zhenhai tower in the ashes.

The four points of Mr. Yumu's "Bird's Nest" and "Bird's Nest" can be interpreted as "fire" and "five elements" or as a sentence in a five-character poem. The artistic conception is not bad, but the word "nest" does not belong to "wood"

(The above is taken from the old article "Appreciation of Fine Leilian")

There are also phrases such as "frosty lighthouse clock" and "autumn is full of maple", but they are always on the right track and rarely consider the gap between the two sides, because Lei Lian is not easy to know.

This year's Year of the Ox:

The couple live in poverty together.

From The Biography of Han Zhang Wang: During the Western Han Dynasty, there was a man named Zhang Wang. He is from Taishan, Ju Ping, and he was born in poverty. When I was young, I went to study in Chang 'an, the capital, and was a poor student in imperial academy. He and his wife live in a humble house, with no leisure and bedding, and their lives are very poor. This winter, the weather was cold, and Zhang Wang and his wife had to spread a thick layer of grass on the ground as a bed, covered with messy straw "cow clothes". Once, Zhang Wang was seriously ill, lost confidence in living, and cried in his cow clothes. He cried goodbye to his wife. His wife is a strong and virtuous woman. She comforted her husband and said, "Although we are poor, as long as you stay healthy and study hard, the current predicament can be changed. Why are you so desperate? " Hearing this, Zhang Wang was very moved and determined to live. Under the care of his wife, his health is really getting better every day. And make a name for yourself. In Han and Yuan Dynasties, he was a corps commander of an official Zuo Cao, and in the Han Dynasty, he was elected as the captain of Jing Zhao Yin Cong.

Later, people used this idiom to describe poverty and hardship.

One hair in nine cowhide ―― A drop in the ocean

From Historical Records: Li Ling, a famous soldier in the Han Dynasty, led an army to crusade against the Huns, but unfortunately he was defeated and surrendered. Hearing this, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very angry and denounced Li Ling for treason, and many ministers echoed him. Sima Qian, a native of China, thinks that Li Ling didn't really surrender. I'm waiting for a chance to make up for it. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very angry when he saw Sima Qian defending Li Ling. He ordered Sima Qian to be put into a black prison and sentenced him to cruel corruption. Sima Qian wanted to commit suicide and end his life, but he also thought that he was just a low-ranking person. Even if he dies, in the eyes of emperors and ministers, he is just a drop in the ocean. So he gave up the idea of suicide and decided to live a strong life. It is under the support of this perseverance that he went through hardships in prison and wrote the immortal masterpiece Historical Records.

Later, people simplified Sima Qian's "Nine Niu Yi Mao Dies" to the idiom "Nine Niu Yi Mao Dies". The metaphor is very small and slight, which is completely irrelevant.

An old cow is licking her newborn calf ―― doting parents.

From the Biography of Yang Biao in the Later Han Dynasty: During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao had a master book named Yang Xiu, who was intelligent, knowledgeable and wise. Once, someone gave Cao Cao a box of cakes that he liked very much. Cao Cao happily wrote the word "one crisp" on the box. Cao Cao went out because he had something to eat. Yang Xiu immediately opened the box and told everyone to share the cakes. When Cao Cao asked about it, Yang Xiu said, "You wrote a crisp on the box. Isn't that what people eat? How dare we go against your orders and eat it! " Although Cao Cao was very unhappy, he had nothing to say.

On another occasion, in the battle of Wei and Shu, Cao Cao led troops to attack Hanzhong and was stationed at the border of an oblique valley. He is in a dilemma. The attack was unfavorable, and he was afraid of losing face Just then, the cook sent Cao Cao a chicken rib chicken soup, and Cao Cao was deeply moved. Then Xiahou Chun came to ask for the password, and Cao Cao casually said, "Chicken ribs! Chicken ribs! " After hearing the password, Yang Xiu immediately packed his bags. Xiahouchun saw him and asked him why. Yang Xiu said, "Chicken ribs are tasteless, but it's a pity to discard them. The prime minister regards Hanzhong as a chicken rib, but there is no need to stay here. He should be prepared to go back. So I'll pack my bags first. " Later, Cao Cao ordered the return of Li. Cao Cao knew that Yang Xiu had already guessed his intention, and he was very jealous. Because he was the nephew of Cao's rival Yuan Shu, he was afraid of future troubles, so he used it as an excuse to disturb the morale of the army and killed it. Yang Xiu was killed, and my father Yang Biao deeply regretted it. Once, Cao Cao asked, "Why are you so thin?" Yang Biao said sadly, "I love my son like an old calf, and now this calf is dead. I am an old cow, how can I not be thin? " Cao Cao was silent when he heard this.

Later, people used the idiom "old calf" to describe the deep feelings of parents who love their children.

Reading while herding cattle, the cattle have their own books hanging on their horns.

This classic metaphor refers to diligent study, which comes from Biography of Li Mi in the New Tang Dynasty. In the Sui Dynasty, there was a scholar named Li Mi. He was originally from a noble family, but later his family came down. When he was a teenager, he worked as a bodyguard in the court. However, because he likes reading and is not attentive when on duty, he was removed from the post of bodyguard. After returning home, Shi Mi studied hard and never wasted any time that could be used for reading. On one occasion, Shi Biao rode an ox to go out on business. He hung a set of Hanshu on his corner, pulled out one from it, sat on the back of a cow on the road, and read and studied very intently. On the same day, it happened that Su Yang, the southern governor, went out by car. He saw a teenager sitting on the back of a cow reading a book. He couldn't help secretly calling Hall. He told the driver to slow down and follow slowly. After walking for a long time, Su Yang saw that Li Mi had finished reading a book and was ready to change it. She stepped forward and asked, "Where did you get the scholar?" "My name is Li Mi, from Xiangping, Liaodong." Su Yang asked again, "What book are you reading?" "I am reading the biography of Xiang Yu in Hanshu." Su Yang and Gigi Lai had a cordial conversation for a while. He feels that this young man is not an idle person and has a bright future. He encouraged him to say, "You are eager to learn, and you will certainly achieve something in the future." When Su Yang returned home, he told his son Yang Xuangan about the situation. Yang Xuangan made friends with Shi Biao and became bosom friends.

In 6 13 AD, Hsuan Yang saw that the Sui Dynasty was doomed, so he took the opportunity to crusade against the Sui Dynasty and asked Shi Biao for advice. But Yang Xuangan failed to adopt Shi Biao's coup, which led to his failure. Later, Shi Mi defected to the peasant uprising army in Wagangzhai and became the leader of this uprising army.

Wu Buffalo (afraid of summer heat) breathes when he sees the moon (mistaking it for the sun) ―― he is afraid of it because he mistook one thing for another.

This code refers to doubt and fear. There is a kind of buffalo in Jiangnan. Jiangnan was the seat of Wu in ancient times, so buffalo was also called Wu Niu. Buffalo are very afraid of heat. In summer, it always likes to soak in water and rest in a cool place. When some buffaloes saw the full moon in the sky, they thought it was the midday sun and gasped with fear.

Liu Yiqing wrote a famous note novel Shi Shuo Xin Yu in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, which recorded such a story. Emperor Sima Yan of the Western Jin Dynasty had a courtier named Man Fen. Because he is from the south, he is particularly afraid of the cold. In winter, he regards the northwest wind as a tiger. One day, Emperor Wu of Jin summoned him. It was winter, and the northwest wind was blowing outside. Manfen came to the palace. The window facing north in the palace is made of stained glass, which is strong and can resist the cold wind, but it looks transparent, as if the northwest wind will blow in. Mann looked out of the window and shivered. Emperor Wu of Jin said, "Give me your seat." A courtier put the chair under this window and looked at the chair and the north window. He was too embarrassed to sit down. He just stood there. Emperor wu of song saw his expression, can't help but feel very funny. He remembers that he was full of excitement and afraid of the wind. Knowing that he thought there was nothing to keep the wind out of the north window, he pointed his back at the north window and said with a smile, "The window is made of stained glass, so the wind can't blow in." Manfen said shyly, "I am a buffalo in the river." I held my breath when I saw the moon. "

Later, people used the idiom "black ox spreads the moon" to describe that people are too afraid of things, which is ironic.

to cast pearls before swine

This classic comes from sensory theory: in ancient times, there was a musician's palace, which was good at playing the piano. One day, he saw a strong cow bowing its head and eating grass, so he pressed the piano platform on the grass and played a beautiful and lyrical "Clear Corner Exercise" for the cow. However, the cow didn't seem to hear anything, so she kept eating grass with her head down and ignored him. Gong Jianniu stopped when he didn't respond. He thought, the music I played is so beautiful, why did it turn a deaf ear? Finally, he realized that it was not that he didn't hear the piano in 2008, but that the music was too elegant for him to listen to.

Later, I used the metaphor of "playing the lute to a cow" to talk to a fool for nothing, meaning to look down on each other.

Waiting for unexpected gains

According to legend, during the Warring States Period, there was a farmer in the Song Dynasty who worked at sunrise every day and rested at sunset. In case of famine, he will starve. He wants to improve his life, but he is too lazy and timid. He is lazy, afraid of everything and always wants to meet the unexpected wealth delivered to his door.

The miracle finally happened. One day in late autumn, he was plowing in the field and there were people hunting around him. The sound of shouting came one after another everywhere, and the frightened little beast ran desperately. Suddenly, a rabbit, impartial, bumped into his field root.

Catch up from behind

Ji 'an, a man in the era of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, was respected for his integrity, justice and daring to tell the truth. He is informal, pragmatic and official. Although it is not so vigorous on the surface, it can manage a county in an orderly way. Therefore, the court transferred him from Donghai County to the court as a Lord and captain-an official position in charge of the appointment and removal of local officials.

On one occasion, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty said that he would implement the Confucian policy of benevolence and righteousness and do good deeds for the people. Before the emperor had finished speaking, Ji An said, "Your Majesty is so greedy at heart, but on the surface he has to pretend to be kind. Why bother? " A word choked the emperor back. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty cried, his face changed greatly, and he announced a blow to the DPRK. All the civil servants in the Qing Dynasty were supporting the staff for Ji An, fearing that he would cause great disaster. After Emperor Wu returned to the palace, he told people around him that Ji An was too thick and straight.

Since then, Ji An's official position has never been promoted. When he was Qi Huangong and a surname, Gong and Zhang Tang were humble officials. Later, they continued to rise, Gong became prime minister, Zhang Tang became an ancient bachelor, but He Ji 'an still stood still. One day, Ji An said to Emperor Wu that your majesty's use of ministers is like chopping wood, and it is "the latecomers come from the top"! Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty certainly realized that this was an indictment. Then he turned to his deputies and said, "People really have to study! You listen to Ji An, more and more outrageous! "

This story comes from Biography of Historical Records and Zheng Ji. The idiom "coming from behind" often means that the latter can surpass the former. And Ji An said the original intention, very different.

On the same day, he had a delicious meal.

After that, he stopped farming. All day, looking at the magical roots, waiting for the miracle to appear.

The idiom "waiting for a rabbit" means getting something for nothing, or sticking to a narrow experience and not knowing how to change it.