Common sense of fire safety and electric shock prevention

1. knowledge of fire prevention and electricity prevention

1. Parents and teachers should educate their children to form a good habit of not playing with fire. No unit may organize minors to put out fires.

Don't throw cigarette butts and kindling.

3. Flammable and combustible materials should not be used in interior decoration.

4. Fire hydrants are safe, so don't damage, occupy or bury them.

5. Take good care of fire-fighting equipment and master the usage of common fire-fighting equipment.

6. Do not bring inflammable and explosive articles into public places or take public transportation.

7. Pay attention to the fire signs when entering public places, and remember the evacuation direction.

8. In any case, keep the evacuation passage clear.

9. Anyone who finds any behavior endangering public safety and fire control safety can report it to the public security fire department or the public security personnel on duty.

10. Pay special attention to domestic fire, and don't place flammable and combustible materials near the fire source.

L 1。 If there is gas leakage, close the valve quickly, open the doors and windows, and do not touch the electrical switch or use naked flame.

12. Worn and aging wires should be repaired and replaced in time.

13. If the circuit fuse (chip) is blown, do not replace it with copper wire or iron wire.

14. Can't overload electricity.

15. Call the police as soon as you find a fire. There is no charge for the fire brigade to extinguish the fire.

16. People who know the fire situation should inform the firefighters of the people trapped in the fire and inflammable and explosive articles in time.

17. When a fire breaks out, evacuate quickly and don't be greedy for property.

18. When you have to escape through thick smoke, you should try to wrap your body with soaked clothes, cover your nose and mouth, and be close to the ground.

19. If there is a fire, you can roll on the spot or cover the fire with heavy clothes.

20. When the door is closed by fire and it is impossible to escape, you can block the crack of the door with soaked bedding and clothes, splash water to cool down and call for help.

2. Fire safety knowledge and electric shock prevention as the topic.

It is suggested that you can divide it into the following blocks: 1. How to easily cause fire hazards? Lighters, gas tanks, cigarettes ... Pay attention to turn off the gas tanks, put out cigarette butts and put lighters in different places.

2. How to protect your personal safety when a fire comes? (9) The first measure: don't be in danger, don't be greedy for property. Life is the most important thing. Don't waste precious escape time on dressing up or looking for and taking away valuables because of shyness and care.

The second trick: simple protection is indispensable. Families, companies and restaurants should be equipped with smoke masks. The easiest way is to cover your nose with a towel and a mask and pour water on your body.

Because smoke is lighter than air and floats in the upper part, escaping close to the ground is the best way to avoid inhaling smoke. The third measure: slow down and escape, and slide the rope to save yourself.

Never jump off a building blindly. You can use evacuation stairs, balconies, downpipes, etc. To escape and save yourself. You can also make a simple lifeline with ropes, sheets, curtains and clothes around you, wet it with water and tie it tightly to fixtures such as window frames, heating pipes and iron railings. , and use towels, cloth, etc. Slide down the rope to protect your palm, or go down to a floor without lights to get out of danger.

The fourth measure: act decisively and evacuate quickly. When threatened by fire, you should wear soaked clothes, bedding, etc. Rush out in the direction of the safety exit. Don't blindly follow the crowd and compete with each other.

When evacuating, pay attention to running to a bright place or an open place outside. When the fire is not big, try to run under the floor. If the passage is blocked by fireworks, you should leave with your back to the direction of fireworks and flee to the rooftop and balcony.

The fifth measure: make good use of the passage and not enter the elevator. Don't take the elevator or escalator in case of fire, but escape in the direction of the safety exit.

The sixth measure: when the fire starts, insist on assistance. When a fire breaks out, if you feel hot when you touch the door with your hands, open the door at this time and flames and smoke will come. At this time, you can close the doors and windows, block the doors with wet towels and wet cloth, or soak the quilt with water and cover the doors and windows to prevent fireworks from infiltrating and wait for the arrival of rescuers.

The seventh trick: the fire has burned your body, so run away. If you are on fire, don't run. You can roll on the spot or crush the flame with heavy clothes.

The eighth measure: send a signal and seek help. If all escape routes are blocked by the fire, you should immediately return to the room and send out a distress signal by flashing a flashlight, waving clothes and making a phone call. To attract the attention of rescuers.

The ninth trick: be familiar with the environment and memorize the export. Whether staying at home or going to hotels, shopping malls and karaoke bars, we must pay attention to evacuation routes, safety exits and the direction of stairs. In the case of large fire and thick smoke, you can find out the road as soon as possible and escape from the scene.

3. How to escape from the fire? (1) try to squat down and use the remaining oxygen to escape from the fire. (2) Try to escape to the ground. If the stairs have been blocked by fire, you can connect them with ropes or sheets and slide down the window to escape.

(3) In case of fire, you can walk along the wall and never use the elevator with stairs. (4) When you take your child to escape, you can tie the child on your back or hold it on your chest with a sheet.

⑤ If the main escape route is crowded, you should find another escape route. 6. When women wear high-heeled shoes, they should take off their shoes or change them immediately, so as to avoid falling on the way to escape and delay the opportunity to escape.

Don't hide in the corner or under the bed, just in case, for temporary safety, you may die in the fire. You should calm down, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and find an escape route as soon as possible.

4. How to use a fire extinguisher? How to use foam extinguisher?

3. Small knowledge of electric shock prevention

1. Seriously study the knowledge of safe electricity use and improve your ability to prevent electric shock. Pay attention to the electrical safety distance, and don't enter places marked with electrical danger signs. Don't touch or touch electrical equipment, especially when people are sweating or their hands and feet are wet.

2. When electrical equipment fails, don't disassemble it by yourself. Find an electrician with an electrician's operation certificate to repair it. When the power equipment or high-voltage line fails, call the police and ask the power department to handle it.

3. Ensure the installation quality according to the design specifications and operation specifications. Do not use inferior, worn and damaged wires and electrical equipment.

4. Electrical equipment must have protective zero connection and protective grounding device. And check it frequently to ensure its safety and reliability.

5. Configure the equipment and wires according to the safe current carrying capacity of the line, and do not arbitrarily increase the load to prevent short circuit and leakage caused by overcurrent and heat. When replacing the circuit fuse, do not arbitrarily increase the specification, let alone replace it with other wires.

6. When repairing electrical equipment and mobile electrical equipment, completely cut off the power supply, and hang a safety sign "No closing, someone is working" in a conspicuous position. All equipment and lines that have not experienced electricity are considered to have electricity. Capacitive equipment should be discharged first to prevent mobile equipment from pulling off the power cord.

7. Distribution boxes, distribution boards, knives, buttons, sockets, wires, etc. In use, those frequently contacted shall be intact. Insulation aging and damage should be replaced in time.

8. machine tool working lamp, portable temporary lighting, to use no more than 36 volts of safe voltage.

9. Stay away from high-voltage poles, iron towers and lightning rods in thunderstorm days. Lightning rod should be intact and tested regularly.

10. The protection distance of high-voltage lines should be avoided in various constructions. On April 8, 2004, more than 20 people from a company in Jieyang, Guangdong, touched the 10,000-volt high-voltage line in the air while lifting the iron frame, causing 12 deaths. The lesson of this blood must be remembered.

1 1. When the high-voltage line lands, leave the grounding point at least 20 meters. If it is within 20 meters, jump off 20 meters with one foot or one foot to prevent electric shock when stepping on voltage.

12. In case of electrical fire, immediately cut off the power supply, use yellow sand and carbon dioxide fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire, and do not use water or foam extinguisher to extinguish the fire.

4. What is the common sense of preventing electric shock?

1, when moving household appliances, be sure to cut off the power supply to prevent electric shock.

2, around the heating appliance must be far away from flammable materials. Electric stove, heating stove, electric iron and other heating appliances should not be placed directly on the board to avoid fire.

3. It is forbidden to touch the live switch with wet hands; It is forbidden to plug the power supply with wet hands; When unplugging the power plug, fingers must not touch the metal part of the contact; Never replace electrical components or light bulbs with wet hands.

4. For household appliances (such as hair dryer, electric soldering iron, etc. ) It is often used in your hands, and it is forbidden to wrap wires around your hands.

5. Household appliances in contact with human body, such as electric blankets, electric oil caps, electric shoes, etc. Before use, it should be electrified and tested, and it can be in contact with human body without leakage.

6. It is forbidden to move household appliances by dragging wires; It is forbidden to pull the plug by dragging the wire.

7. When using household appliances, plug the dead side socket first, and then close the circuit breaker or plug the live side socket; On the contrary, when stopping the use of household appliances, first open the circuit breaker on the live side or pull out the socket on the live side, and then pull out the socket on the dead side (if necessary).

Extended data:

Formation of electric shock injury:

Electric shock is a personal injury accident caused by accidental contact with live parts of electrical equipment or lines. When the human body gets an electric shock, the current passing through the human body causes reasonable dysfunction or damage, such as burns, muscle twitches, dyspnea, cardiac paralysis, and even life-threatening.

The harm degree of electric shock is related to the magnitude and duration of current passing through human body. It is generally believed that 100 mA current can be fatal to human body.

The common form of human electric shock is single-phase electric shock, that is, when people stand on the ground, their bodies come into contact with thick wires of power supply or electrical equipment that leaks electricity.

In the three-phase four-wire system and neutral grounding system, when a single-phase electric shock occurs, the human body will bear 220 volts. If you can't separate quickly, your life may be in danger. Even in the system with ungrounded neutral point (usually 10`KV high-voltage line), a single-phase electric shock occurs, such as a conductive kite string hanging on the high-voltage line or touching the falling high-voltage line with your hand, which will make the human body form an AC path.

Instantaneous current passing through human body will cause serious electric injury. If the human body touches the two-phase line of a three-phase power supply in two places at the same time, it will form a two-phase electric shock, and then the human body will bear the line voltage, which is more dangerous. Two-phase electric shock mostly occurs during electrician operation.

Electric injury is also a kind of personal injury accident that is easy to happen. It is mainly caused by the melting of strong arc, the evaporation of metal particles and the damage of high temperature smoke to both sides of human body. For example, when the obtained power switch is used for power transmission, the generated arc may burn the operator's arm, face and eyes.