Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Hotel reservation - The main content and appreciation of "Water Margin"

The main content and appreciation of "Water Margin"

Introduction to "Water Margin"

"Water Margin" is a novel that describes the ancient peasant uprising. It vividly depicts the entire process of the peasant uprising from its occurrence, development to failure, profoundly reveals the social roots of the uprising, enthusiastically praises the resistance struggle of the uprising heroes and their social ideals, and also specifically reveals the inner history of the failure of the uprising. reason. The work has made significant achievements in ideological content and literature and art. This book has accumulated rich artistic experience in shaping characters. The work can closely focus on the different life experiences of the characters and express their personalities through their own words and actions, such as Wu Yong's magical calculations, Lu Zhishen's loyalty and bravery, Li Kui's roughness and recklessness, Wu Song's majesty and bravery, Lin Chong and Hua Rong's Brave and good at fighting, Shi Xiu's heroism, Yan Qing's wit and flexibility, Ximen Qing's arrogance, Jiang Menshen's fierceness, and Pan Jinlian's lewdness all left a deep impression on people. The work can also accurately grasp the interaction between the character's personality, identity, social status, and life experience. For example, Lin Chong, the leopard head, was originally the gun and stick instructor of the 800,000-strong Forbidden Army in Tokyo. He had a relatively superior social status. He was also a martial arts leader and had rich combat experience. Based on this premise, the author gave his character There is a side that is forbearing and giving in and seeking compromise, but there is also a side that is bold and courageous and good at fighting. Under the persecution of the evil feudal forces, Lin Chong's identity, status, and life changed drastically, which promoted the transformation of his thoughts and personality. The author successfully created a character who had no idea that he would rebel but had to rebel in the end. image. The story of the novel is very strong and reaches a very high level, which may be influenced by the storytelling script. This is mainly reflected in the fascinating plots that can be found everywhere in the novel. Such as uprooting weeping willows, outsmarting the birth chart, going to the temple in the wind and snow, making a big fuss in Qingfeng Village, hunting tigers in Jingyanggang, beating Jiang Menshen drunk, beating Zhujiazhuang three times and capturing Daming Mansion, etc. "Water Margin" also contains many war scenes, reproducing the strategies and tactics of the rebel army, and embodying dialectical thinking, such as three attacks on Zhujiazhuang, the defeat of Gao Taiwei, etc. The influence of "Water Margin" is huge and widespread. For hundreds of years, its resistance consciousness, optimistic spirit and idealized heroes have been loved by the people and inspired the resistance struggle of the oppressed.

Looking at the culture of rivers and lakes from "Water Margin"

"Water Margin" is an encyclopedia of rivers and lakes. Jianghu artists show the life of rivers and lakes to readers for the first time through the stories of "Water Margin" and the audience, allowing later readers to learn for the first time the existence of Jianghu in the Song Dynasty, which had taken on a new meaning. The story of "Water Margin" also shows readers the life struggles and ideals of the Jianghu people in the Song Dynasty, as well as their successes and failures. Therefore, the most important thing to pay attention to when studying "Water Margin" is Jianghu. Without the appearance of the wanderers, there would be no story of "Water Margin". Rivers and lakes exist because of the people in the rivers and lakes. "Water Margin" describes the rivers and lakes of the Song Dynasty and the era in which the author lived.

'_'h-r K：a{-P5Ubbs. ssfeng.com "Water Margin" is one of China's earliest popular novels. It discusses an ancient literary issue, but the issue of Water Margin is also a very contemporary issue. Mr. Lu Xun once said in the 1930s that people still like to read "Three Kingdoms" and "Water Margin" because there are still "Three Kingdoms" and "Water Margin" in society. What are "Three Kingdoms Qi" and "Water Margin Qi"? Examining Mr. Lu Xun’s meaning, it refers to “hooligan spirit”. The word "hooligan" now has a clear derogatory connotation, and the connotation and denotation are not very clear. In order to reduce the controversy, I pointed out in "Vagrant Culture and Chinese Society" that it is "tramp spirit", or vagrant character and vagrant consciousness. , which is the "Jianghu Qi" I am going to talk about today. Because there is still a quackery atmosphere in society, some of the plots and emotions of these novels and the operas and TV series adapted from them can stir up the secret complexes in many viewers, so they are widely welcomed.

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Jianghu: the space where homeless people live

0y.r5{9a5m8A'a'a6ybbs.ssfeng.com What are the rivers and lakes for? They are for the homeless to survive. In this place, the homeless people are separated from the patriarchal network and have nothing. They are struggling for the most basic needs-survival Yulin|Forum|Sai Shangfeng|Northern Shaanxi|Desert|Shaanxi) e7Y6n7J1\2f：U, s k9R

-])H6q1a*Q3}4p The rivers and lakes we often talk about have three meanings.

/?~.v, Camp;SA4R#z"mamp;r Yulin|Forum|Sashangfeng|Northern Shaanxi|Desert|Shaanxi The first place is the rivers and lakes in nature. Jianghu as a word in the pre-Qin Dynasty It has already appeared. The original meaning is rivers and lakes. This is the most primitive meaning. The second is the rivers and lakes of literati. This river and lake emphasizes its humanistic meaning and is a retreat for literati and officials to escape fame and fortune. In the struggle for profit, he either failed or got tired of it, so he retreated and longed for a quiet place, which is often called Jianghu.

Third This is the river and lake of vagrants, and it is also the river and lake that we are often active in today. This kind of river and lake is full of swords, intrigues and life-and-death struggles. When they invited Wu Song to dinner, the three men said something about "the things that heroes do in the world, but murder and arson." The two servants who escorted Wu Song were shocked when they heard this, but they just bowed down and comforted them. "Don't be surprised when I wait for the heroes in the world to speak. We are not willing to harm people who do good things." Think about it, what bad things did the officials in the yamen not do in that Song Dynasty? What kind of ugly thing have you not heard of? Even the official was frightened by this kind of "jianghu". |Northern Shaanxi|Desert|Shaanxi S2 {amp; (mainly in many literary works) and "Water Margin". Before these literary works, no one had used this term extensively in this way. The "jiangs and lakes" mentioned in those literary and artistic works were often the rivers and lakes of literati and officials, or they were originally rivers and lakes. Jianghu in the sense. It should be said that the clear view of the rivers and lakes as a place where heroes kill people, set fires, and compete for profits began in "Water Margin". bbs.ssfeng.com.k9pe;i#D

'c2`/l1^$@, [7a6H*}#\ y*A What is this kind of world for? It is a place where homeless people look for food and survive. The homeless people are separated from the patriarchal network and have nothing. They are struggling for their most basic needs-survival. They practice empty boxing with their bare hands and rely solely on their personal intelligence, strength, courage and courage for survival, safety and development. Therefore, this world has lost the aloofness of the scholar-bureaucrat world. Not only does it require "competition," but when it comes to "competing," there are no rules that should be followed for "competition" in mainstream society. Saishangfeng Forum&p"s3d"K8K2G;w

The homeless Jianghu is a hidden society suppressed by mainstream society.

Mainstream society is a dominant society, composed of rulers and scholars, farmers, industry and commerce. People in mainstream society openly engage in activities according to the rules determined by the rulers. Jianghu is a hidden society unknown to people in mainstream society, and different rules of the game prevail in it. Most of the people in the Jianghu are regarded as aliens or even gangsters by the rulers, and its rules are very different from those allowed by the rulers. Therefore, it is extremely natural for them to be suppressed and excluded by mainstream society, and naturally they are in a latent and semi-existent state. In latent state. Yulin | Forum | Saishangfeng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi, x)I3Ramp;r l*h

1D6n6u!j*X"u Yulin | Forum | Saishangfeng|Northern Shaanxi|Desert|Shaanxi generally speaking It turns out that Jianghu is not a tangible organization, but a loose existence. However, there are tangible organizations in Jianghu, and these tangible organizations are also secret, such as secret societies, gangs, various armed gangs, Green Forest Mountain Headquarters, etc. etc. are also tangible organizations. For example, in "Water Margin", Liangshanbo, Erlong Mountain, Shaohua Mountain, Qingfeng Mountain, Duiying Mountain, etc. are tangible, but the way of wandering people seeking life is an invisible river and lake. After the Song Dynasty, The closer we get to modern times, the more tangible types of secret organizations there are. But Jianghu covers far more than these. These are nomads who engage in illegal activities. There is also a kind of nomad who engages in legal activities, such as storytelling. They do not engage in illegal activities, such as opera singers and doctors who travel around the world to sell medicine and see doctors, and their services are often necessary for people living in mainstream society. But in the eyes of the rulers, these people who travel around the world are absolutely indispensable. Unscrupulous citizens are also aliens that must be guarded against. Sometimes their activities are restricted within a certain scope through supervision or strict laws, such as the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty.

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Generally speaking, rivers and lakes are invisible, but people in rivers and lakes can feel their existence. We also see from "Water Margin" that rivers and lakes do exist. I will list a few examples below. Lin Chong was sent to Cangzhou. In a hotel, the owner of the hotel introduced to him that there was a rich man in the village, his surname was Chai and his given name was Jin. He was called "Chai Daguanren" here, and he was called "Little Tornado" in the world. "Everyone in the world calls him Little Whirlwind" is worth noting. "Little Whirlwind" is a nickname given to Chai Jin. I think when Chai Jin was interacting with mainstream society, when he was handing out invitations to dignitaries and literati, The words "little whirlwind" will never be written, because the words "little whirlwind" only belong to "jianghu". It can be seen from this that there are indeed rivers and lakes. Song Jiang in the rivers and lakes will call Chai Jin "little". When people like Xuanfeng, Chao Gai, and Wang Lun meet Chai Jin, or Chai Jin meets them, they can use the nickname Xiao Xuanfeng to communicate. However, this is absolutely not allowed in mainstream society, and people in mainstream society regard people with such nicknames. The character is a gangster and is suppressed. If the ruler wants to suppress someone, he often gives him a nickname. Liu Gao, the commander of Qingfeng Village, was determined to frame Song Jiang. After catching Song Jiang, Song Jiang called himself Zhang San. A good citizen, he came here to do business. But Liu Gao wanted to label him a thief, so when he was filing Song Jiang's records, he called him "Yuncheng Tiger Zhang San". People, and Jianghu people are not far from bandits bbs.ssfeng.com)_4W(v; A: G'Q

*T'J d.OD4l2^Yulin|Forum|Shangfeng|Shaanxi. There is a secret language that communicates with each other in the rivers and lakes of Northern | Desert | Shaanxi, which is the slang of rivers and lakes. Jianghu slang has already begun to appear in "Water Margin", but there are not many. By the Ming Dynasty, especially after the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and until the Qing Dynasty, slang and secret languages ??were rampant. There are thousands of secret words recorded in the "seabed" within the Tiandihui alone. There are not many in "Water Margin". For example, bowing down is called "Jianfu" (because the pronunciation of "bowing" is close to "defeating", which is considered unlucky by people traveling in the world), falling to the ground is called "ta squat" and so on.

7c0L9B9D; Only Jianghu people use it for internal communication. Over the past two decades, due to loosening policies, people were tired of the lack of revolutionary discourse during the Cultural Revolution. Curious about language, they absorbed words from popular novels and some slang and secret slang popular among the lower classes of society, such as "big shot" Colloquial terms such as "big money" and "acute acupuncture" have become very popular. When many foreign young people learn Chinese language, they have more contact with Jianghu entertainers. They think that these are the living languages ????popular among Chinese people. They study a lot seriously. They work hard to come to China to learn Chinese language, but in the end they sound like a gangster. After all, I thought I had gained the essence of the Chinese language. Saishangfeng Forum/[/o7pamp; There are also many examples of this kind, which you often see when reading "Water Margin". The heroes of Liangshan often say that if you don't do something, you will be laughed at by the heroes of the world. Jianghu has its own moral evaluation and value standards, which are different from those of mainstream society. | Sai Shangfeng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi Jianghu also has its own information channels. If something happens, it will quickly spread among the Jianghu people. For example, after Lin Chong went to Liangshan, he was squeezed and suppressed by Wang Lun. This incident happened in the Jianghu. I have known about it for a long time. I said in an article that Jianghu seems to have its own media, and some things spread very quickly. Why is this because Jianghu is a space for Jianghu people and vagrants to live? The flow is very frequent. Therefore, some things and some news spread very quickly. From many aspects, we can know for sure that Jianghu is not a virtual creation, but a reality in life. Yulin | Forum | Saishangfeng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi 8 | "r0Y'F5P.J*Qamp; b

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In a patriarchal society , most people (mainly farmers) live stably on the land where they live, but those who can move are not only homeless people who are forced to break away from the mainstream social order, but also scholars and businessmen. .ssfeng.com0~5]4d-w$w n7v

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If someone has to ask what Jianghu is and where is it? I would say that rivers and lakes are in cities and towns, but also in villages; in lively and prosperous markets, but also in desolate and isolated mountains; in roads extending in all directions, and in misty lakes and seas. In other words, wherever there are Jianghu people and Jianghu people are struggling for life, there are Jianghus.

Many places in "Water Margin" talk about rivers and lakes. For example, there are speakers in Sangjia Wazi in Tokyo who lecture on "Three Kingdoms"; in Goulan in Yuncheng County, Bai Xiuying goes there to sing Zhugong tunes. On the streets of Weizhou, Li Zhong, a tiger hunter, was performing tricks and performing tricks; in Jieyang town, Xue Yong, a diseased insect, was playing with guns and sticks in order to obtain food and clothing. These places have become Jianghu because of the struggles of Jianghu people.

From a spatial perspective, markets, villages, roads, lakes and seas can all be rivers and lakes, or they may not be rivers and lakes. The key lies in whether they are places where people from rivers and lakes engage in activities. Saishangfeng Forum 5I!D i*l9s

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So what is a Jianghu person? Yes Isn't it the lower class people living in the cities, what we often call the "gentlemen"? I say no, let alone the patriarchal peasants huddled in the countryside. The fundamental difference is that the peasants are mobile; the "gentlemen" and the patriarchal peasants. It is basically immobile. There is an opening poem "Xijiang Moon" circulating among storytelling artists that describes their life and mentality: "A piece of wood is a career, a fan is a life. Rivers, lakes and seas are a home, and the abbot's wind is I am not afraid of the waves." From the first half of the poem "Xijiang Moon" by the Jianghu artist, we can see that Jianghu people are "homeless and homeless". However, the people in the market and the patriarchal farmers are not mobile and will not listen. After reading books and watching plays, I followed the entertainers. There may be some, but there are very few star-chasers. Yulin | Forum | Sai Shang Feng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi - | K1^4w. S

/h/H*{1V*S Saishangfeng Forum In a patriarchal society, most people (mainly farmers) live stably on the land where they live, but they can move. It was not just vagabonds who were forced to break away from the mainstream social order, but also scholars and merchants. Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the movement of scholars had become a common phenomenon, and the "tramp" group was later formed. With the formation of the situation, although scholars could no longer move as they did during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, they had to travel to study and travel as official officials.

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5B$Y*a4M3r7M/u.b cYulin|Forum|Sashangfeng|Northern Shaanxi|Desert|Shaanxi As a preparatory official, the literati and officials are an integral part of the ruling class, and the rulers rely on them to rule China. Generally speaking, unification is still the mainstream of history in China. One of the important points is the mobile literati and official system, which not only ensures the unity of the country politically, but also promotes the cultural integration of various regions and ethnic groups. Literary officials brought culture from advanced areas to backward areas. In the process of cultural dissemination, itinerant literati and officials played a decisive role. Among the indicators for evaluating officials in ancient times, education was a very important one. Some responsible officials generally We must pay attention to cultural education, which will inevitably lead to changes in local social and cultural customs, and some barbaric primitive relics will inevitably be gradually eliminated. There are many such examples in history. Therefore, the flow of literati and officials cannot turn them into a world. People, let alone constitute a "jianghu" that subverts mainstream society Yulin|Forum|Sai Shangfeng|Northern Shaanxi|Desert|Shaanxi 4]#p1m4uamp;}1?7b

-w8M4^.?5@ *M, P-v3p Yulin | Forum | Saishangfeng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi traveling merchants cannot be compared with traveling eunuchs, but merchants are one of the "four peoples", and their mobile business activities have been discriminatory against merchants in ancient times. China will not receive strong support from mainstream society, but it will not be particularly suppressed. Some dynasties suppressed businessmen, which was related to the low social productivity at that time. For example, both the early Han Dynasty and the early Jin Dynasty had the "Indecent Merchant Order". In the early Han Dynasty, merchants were not allowed to wear silk and ride in cars. In the early Jin Dynasty, merchants were ordered to wear two kinds of shoes, one black and one white. After all, this situation is relatively rare. The most fundamental thing is that businessmen pursue a much higher income than farmers and handicraftsmen through mobility. Mobility satisfies a businessman's pursuit of wealth, and he will not risk his life and go against mainstream society. Therefore, businessmen will not flow into the rivers and lakes in large numbers. The vast majority of homeless people are still composed of bankrupt patriarchal farmers, and they are the main body of the world.

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"Water Margin" The ideology reflected in "The Biography" is that of the homeless. If we look at Ah Q's attitude towards women, we can understand the attitude towards women in "The Water Margin". The homeless have no family, and those who commit crimes lose the possibility of starting a family. They don’t understand women, and this breeds a perverted hostility

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*n4a0^.G(p.A0v-c(Z7n: G Yulin | Forum | Sai Shang Feng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi "Water Margin" is a story about the success and failure of the vagrants' struggle. But as for the specific plot Said that it describes the lives of various people in Jianghu. We say that vagrants are the main body of people in Jianghu, and "Water Margin" also writes about many vagrants.

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In the article "Analysis of Various Classes of Chinese Peasants and Their Attitudes towards Revolution" written by Chairman *** in 1926, There are five major categories of vagrants, namely soldiers, bandits, thieves, beggars, and prostitutes. My understanding of vagrants is broader than what Chairman Mao said. He only meant those in rural areas, and I included those in cities and towns, as well as those who make a living legally.

'u-C4H7{8?)a8~ 2H-x Yulin | Forum | Saishang Feng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi "Water Margin" writes a lot of "robbers" (not referring to after Juyi, because after going to Liangshan, it can be said to be "robbery"), such as Shao Shao There are gangs of mountain kings and minions in Shanzhai such as Huashan, Taohuashan, and Erlongshan; there are also those who work alone, like Li Jun, Zhang Heng, Tong Wei, and Tong Meng in Jianghe; Sun Erniang who runs a black shop; horse thief Duan Jingzhu; and thieves Xiaomo's Shi Qian. There are various reasons for them to take this road, such as losing their property and having no other choice but to take up this profession; some were involved in lawsuits for various reasons and went to the mountains and seas to seek refuge; They do business without capital. Their biggest wish is to make their business bigger so that the government can do nothing to them. Of course, there are many vagrants who do not engage in illegal activities. They do not harm the people, but are just people who make a living in the world. . They have broken away from the patriarchal network and left the countryside. They have no legitimate jobs and no guarantee of life. They wander around the world and are among the most unstable in life. They may be involved in anti-social activities anytime and anywhere. For example, Dai Zong, who killed someone in his hometown and fled away; Li Kui, who worked as a prison cell in prison; Wu Song, who injured someone to escape disaster; Liu Tang, who has been wandering around the world since he was a child and specializes in making friends with heroes; the sheep trader Shi Xiu, who sells horses and cannot return to his hometown at a huge loss, relies on collecting firewood to make a living; Xue Yong, a showman who plays tricks, and so on. The largest number of the 108 generals are homeless, about 50 people, accounting for nearly half. Why is "Water Margin" a story about the success and failure of vagrants' struggles? In terms of the main characters in the book, it is mainly homeless. I oppose the "peasant uprising theory" not only because there are few farmers among the heroes on Liangshan Mountain, but more importantly, the most important demand of farmers is not raised in "Water Margin", which is the demand for land.

Isn't it weird to risk their lives to rebel without claiming the land they love most? Yulin | Forum | Saishangfeng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi amp;V3\)}0V-p/K;a(v

#u3B.e6S：M(e.P9S Saishangfeng Forum talks about homeless people , people tend to forget Gao Qiu. He is a descendant of Fulangpo settled down. He has no legitimate occupation and only works as a helper outside Tokyo. Later, he was sent to prison for participating in fraud. He was later pardoned and could return to Tokyo. No one in Tokyo took him in. Later, he was able to return to Tokyo and work as a follower. Due to good opportunities, he was valued by Huizong and became prosperous. He was one of those vagrants who were able to change their family. Why did the vagrants in "Water Margin" not envy him, but regarded him as the Northern Song Dynasty? Why did the representatives of the "Four Traitors" expose and criticize him in the last years? There are two reasons: one is that his official position is not from the right source, and the other is that his background is too low. Don't look at the vagrants themselves as a group of people who have been abandoned by society, and many of them are suffering from the same problem. They look down on those with the same background. Liangshan heroes generally believe that only those who gain fame with one sword and one gun are legitimate, just like the top scorer and Jinshi in the imperial examination will be respected by society, and Gao Qiu only relies on playing football. Naturally, he was regarded as a sycophant, and because his background was too low, he was naturally regarded as a disaster (in fact, judging from the records in "History of the Song Dynasty", Gao Qiu did not have many bad deeds. He was favored by Song Huizong because he could play football. Li Bangyan came from a humble background. His father was a silversmith. He was good at dealing with people in the market. He later became the prime minister and was known as the "thief of society". It may be that Gao Qiu was good at playing football. It is "stained with the light of the name", transplanting Li Bangyan's story to him) Saishangfeng Forum.W!s1M7N3N

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Bai Xiuying, who was engaged in performing arts in Yuncheng County and was beaten to death by Lei Heng, was also a homeless person; even Yan Poxi and her family were also homeless, and Yan Poxi could sing and wandered with her parents. When they arrived in Yuncheng County, they wanted to stay here, but their father fell ill and died in Yuncheng. The mother and daughter had no money to buy a coffin, so they sold Yan Poxi to Song Jiang at a low price and became Song Jiang's wife. However, the author had no regard for Yan Poxi, who was also a homeless person. Because she did not belong to the Song Jiang Liangshan system, and she made things difficult for Song Jiang, and planned to betray Liangshan, it was naturally heinous, so she was killed. Bai Xiuying and Yan Poxi were both Jianghu entertainers, but there was a vagrant attitude towards women. Question. The attitude towards young women in "Water Margin" puzzles many people. Some researchers even think that Shi Naian must be a loser in love and has suffered from women, so he is so hostile to young women. The ideology reflected in "Water Margin" is that of homeless people. If we look at Ah Q's attitude towards women, we can understand the attitude towards women in "Water Margin". Travelers who commit crimes have lost the possibility of starting a family. , so they don’t understand women, especially young women, and this breeds a perverted hostility. The British writer Bes Fei pointed out in "Bandits during the Republic of China" that bandits believe that women are the source of misfortune. Not only male bandits think this way, but female bandit leaders also see it this way. In case of a major crisis, women will be killed first. Therefore, the young women written about in "Water Margin" rarely end well, even female vagrants.

"Water Margin" " also wrote about many vagrant intellectuals, that is, vagrants with a little education. The economic development of the Song Dynasty also placed increasingly urgent demands on culture. The standardization and civilianization of imperial examinations encouraged more people to receive education. The improvement of papermaking technology and the development of woodblock printing made books more easily available. Books from the Tang Dynasty are very rare, and people like Han Yu who have been studying for generations do not have a complete collection of books. He is very envious of Li Mi's collection of books and encourages his friends to study at his house. Under this circumstance, the scope of education received in the Tang Dynasty was very narrow. Its imperial examination system was also in its infancy, and the enrollment area was very small. By the Song Dynasty, these situations had greatly changed, and its cultural popularity was much higher than that of the Tang Dynasty.

In this way, the number of scholars increased sharply, but the prospects for scholars did not change much. They were still officials. Although the number of imperial examinations in the Song Dynasty increased greatly and there were far more officials than in the Tang Dynasty, there were still a large number of scholars who could not become officials. Those with money can become hermits, those with connections can run into the officialdom, those with skills can join wealthy families, and some have given up hope of becoming officials and sink to the bottom of society, traveling between urban and rural areas, using various legitimate or improper means. Make a living. They are nomadic intellectuals. This kind of people are written about in "Water Margin", such as Wu Yong, Gongsun Sheng, etc. They may not have a high level of education, but they must have a little knowledge of Taoism and a little knowledge of the Yin and Yang family to become the spiritual leaders of the team. Many popular novels write about people rebelling, and there is often a "yin and yang" in their ranks (to provide advice for marching and fighting). Ouyang Xiu of the Northern Song Dynasty wrote a letter to the emperor saying that a hundred years after the founding of the Song Dynasty, there were social turmoils, burning, killing and looting, but they did not form a huge force. The reason is that no such people participated. This is realistic. Saishangfeng Forum: T, q#{2x)k;o!M)B

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"Water Margin" is An encyclopedia of rivers and lakes, rivers and lakes artists showed the life of rivers and lakes to readers and listeners for the first time through the stories of "Water Margin", making it the first time for later generations of readers to learn about the existence of "Water Margin" which had a new meaning in the Song Dynasty. The story also shows readers the life struggles and ideals of the Jianghu people in the Song Dynasty, as well as their successes and failures. Therefore, the most important thing to pay attention to when studying "Water Margin" is the Jianghu. Without the emergence of Jianghu, there would be no Jianghu. The story of "Water Margin", as mentioned before, the rivers and lakes exist because of the people in the rivers and lakes. "Water Margin" describes the rivers and lakes in the Song Dynasty and the era where the author lived. I think the novel "Water Margin" was produced in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, so it is a storyteller. The life in the rivers and lakes written in also includes the rivers and lakes in the early Ming Dynasty.

hamp; O;~bbs.ssfeng.com "Water Margin" novels and related literary and artistic forms such as opera and rap have popularized Jianghu knowledge in China's lower society. "Water Margin" not only reflects the lives of Jianghu people, but is also regarded as a model by Jianghu people. The author uses vivid story images to explain the sycophantic dictatorship, the oppression of the military attachés, the lack of a way out for the officials, and the inability to uphold justice. It also demonstrates the corruption of the officialdom and the darkness of society, thereby affirming the rationality of the Liangshan heroes' rebellion. This is something that has never happened before in the history of Chinese thought and culture. Before this, there were no examples of positive praise for the courage to resist and to rebel with force. As the mainstream ideology of society, Confucianism was the mainstay. When the society is stable, Confucius opposes rebellion. Other ideologies such as Taoism and Buddhism also advocate that people should settle down in their own place. There are few literary and artistic works like "Water Margin" that directly praise the vagrant rebellion. Basically, there is no such thing. So I think it was first proposed by "Water Margin"

"S/x.I9i2l-Q$~1L(V Yulin | Forum | Sai Shang Feng | Northern Shaanxi | Desert | Shaanxi "Water Margin" also affects the audience through the discourse it creates. Many discourses in the book It became a buzzword, active in people's mouths in later generations, and even became a guide for people to understand society and behavior. For example, the word "hero" existed in the Tang Dynasty, but at that time it mostly referred to scholars, while in "Water Margin" it specifically refers to green forest. Hero. This meaning of the word was generally accepted by later generations. After "Water Margin", people called those who were brave, dared to commit crimes and had a little sense of loyalty. You were the one who encountered disaster in the past. I don’t know how to call him good, but now I can call him "a good man". Another example is road robbery and home theft. I always feel that it is not a good thing. With the story of outsmarting the birthday card in "Water Margin", People know the phrase "Ill-gotten gains can be obtained without hindrance", and it is true in the context of "Water Margin". Therefore, anyone who robs people of their wealth will use this as their excuse.

Who decided on this “illegal gain”? Anyway, it is decided by those who take it by force. In fact, it becomes "robber logic". Others such as "Juyi", "Jianghu", "Zhao'an", "Going to Liangshan", "Forcing to go to Liangshan", "Xingdao for Heaven", "Eating wine in an urn, eating meat in large pieces", etc., they not only reflect the ideology of the homeless, but also express their yearning.

V5F) |Shangfeng|Northern Shaanxi|Desert|Shaanxi The rivers and lakes in "Water Margin" are rich and vivid, and have a very wide influence on its audience. Lu Xun said that our society has the "Water Margin spirit" and the "Three Kingdoms spirit". Although this social existence is caused by many reasons, it cannot be denied that the wide spread of "Water Margin" is also one of the reasons. Qian Daxin, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, said in "Zhengsu", "In addition to the three religions, there is another. "Teaching", that is "novel teaching". It is said that novels have a great influence on people's thinking. This is also the case now. Therefore, writers of popular arts should have a greater sense of social responsibility and be more cautious. Regrettably, some popular arts nowadays Creators whose historical concepts and ideological concepts are even backward ancient Jianghu entertainers put the works produced under the guidance of this kind of thinking on the screen and disseminate them, and the social effects can only be negative. (This article is an excerpt from researcher Wang Xuetai’s lecture at the Museum of Modern Literature in China)

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