Jing Shenghong: The “comfort station” and “comfort women” of the Japanese invaders in Nanjing

The "Comfort Station" and the "Comfort Women" of the Japanese invaders in Nanjing. On June 7, 2014, the Nanjing Municipal People's Government approved the "comfort station" of the Japanese invaders in Nanjing Liji Lane. "The old site has been officially designated as a cultural relic protection unit in Nanjing. There are currently 7 houses in the old site of "Comfort Station" in Liji Lane, covering an area of ??about 2,000 square meters. It is the largest and most complete Japanese military "comfort station" in Nanjing and even in Asia. "The old site is also the only ""comfort station" building that has been identified by a living ""comfort woman"". On November 20, 2003, the ""comfort station"" building was lured by the Japanese army to serve as a ""comfort woman"" here for three years during the Anti-Japanese War. When she was 80 years old, North Korean elderly Park Yong-shim returned to Liji Lane in Nanjing with the help of Chinese and Japanese scholars, and identified the former site of the Japanese "Comfort Station" and the sad place where she suffered humiliation and destruction by the Japanese army. On June 25, 2014, the Nanjing Municipal People’s Government, relevant units and people from all walks of life jointly held a monument unveiling ceremony to designate the former site of the Japanese Army’s “Comfort Station” in Liji Lane as a cultural relic protection unit in Nanjing. , as an expert representative, I was invited to unveil a monument at the former site of the "Comfort Station" of the Japanese Army in Liji Lane. The third person from the right is Jing Shenghong. Then, the Nanjing Municipal People's Government decided to unveil the monument to the Japanese Army in Liji Lane. The "Comfort Station Historical Exhibition Hall" was built on the former site of the "Comfort Station". This Republic of China building soaked in the blood and tears of ""comfort women"" will be protected forever and tell the Chinese people and the people of the world about the atrocities of Japanese militarism. (1) The origin of the "comfort women" system of the Japanese army in Nanjing. The Japanese army attacked Nanjing in early December 1937. In view of historical lessons, the Japanese "Central China Front Army" headquarters was worried that the crazy adultery of Japanese soldiers would lead to the epidemic of sexually transmitted diseases among the Japanese army. , repeating the tragedy of the spread of sexually transmitted diseases caused by the mass rape of local women during the Japanese army's expedition to Siberia, Russia, from 1918 to 1920. The Japanese authorities believe that "" sexually transmitted diseases are highly contagious and extremely harmful, and can be serious. It damages the combat effectiveness of the army, and the treatment period is longer than other diseases. Syphilis can still affect future generations and endanger the overall health of the people." The Japanese authorities even said: ""It is not so much that war is terrible, but this disease is more terrible." ", and issued the "Opinions of the Front Army on the Implementation of Comfort Facilities" on December 11, 1937. After the Japanese army captured Nanjing on December 13, 1937, they really went crazy and massacred more than 20,000 Chinese women, or even more. The Japanese military authorities quickly began to prepare for the establishment of ""comfort stations"" in Nanjing. First, they secretly ordered all ministries to set up various forms of temporary ""comfort stations" on their own. On December 19, 1937, the Chief of Staff of the Japanese ""Shanghai Expeditionary Army"" stationed in Nanjing said: Major General Numamoru sent Lieutenant Colonel Nagayong, the section chief of the Second Section of the Army Staff Department, to Shanghai to make contact with the establishment of a " "comfort station" in Nanjing. Mamoru Iinuma recorded in his diary of that day: " "Has entrusted Lieutenant Colonel Nagayong to establish it as soon as possible Brothel (comfort station)". After Chang Yong contacted and arranged some Japanese convenience house owners and Shanghai underworld leader Huang Jinrong in Shanghai, he returned to Nanjing on December 25 and returned to Iinuma. Mamoru Iinuma recorded in his diary of that day: "" Lieutenant Commander Naga returned from Shanghai. ... Regarding *** (comfort women), we must also make preparations in advance, both in Japan and China. Once decided, the opening procedures can be completed by the end of the year." After several days of planning, " The Second Section of the "Shanghai Expedition Army" Staff Department proposed the "Plan on Establishing a Nanjing Comfort Station". On December 28, 1937, the "Shanghai Expedition Army" Staff Department convened a meeting with generals from all the units under its jurisdiction to discuss the plan. Deliberation. ""Shanghai Expedition Force" Deputy Chief of Staff Colonel Toshichi Uemura recorded in the diary of that day: ""The bad behavior of the (Japanese army) army seemed to be increasing day by day, so the second section was asked to convene a meeting with the generals of each army to discuss this matter. Reported and... reviewed the plan for the establishment of the Nanjing Comfort Station proposed by the second section. At the meeting, the "Plan for the Establishment of the Nanjing Comfort Station" proposed by the second section was quickly adopted. Under the auspices of the Japanese military and political authorities and With support, the "comfort women" system was quickly established and implemented in Nanjing.

(2) Three ways for the Japanese army to establish ""comfort stations"" in Nanjing. There are two main ways for the Japanese army to establish ""comfort stations" during the Nanjing Massacre: The first way is for the Japanese troops to follow the instructions of the Japanese Military Ministry , set up various temporary "comfort stations" on their own. Since the Japanese army entered Nanjing, they have plundered Chinese women. Li Kehen wrote in "The Fall of Beijing in May": ""Groups of " Flower girls were caught, some were sent to the Imperial Army Club, and some were used exclusively by enemy officers to expose their sexual intercourse. Generally, enemy soldiers searched for women everywhere. Many female compatriots were raped on the streets and in alleys. Screams and laughter broke through the air of the dead city..." Guo Qi wrote in "The Record of Blood and Tears in the Fallen Capital" that when the Japanese army searched for women, in order to prevent women from escaping by disguising themselves as men, they had to stretch out their hands when searching for men. Touch your crotch. During the Nanjing Massacre, the "International Committee of the Nanjing Safety Zone" submitted to the Japanese authorities 170 reports on the atrocities committed by the Japanese army from December 14 to 30, 1937. Among them, there are many pieces of information about the Japanese army plundering Chinese women and sending them to temporary comfort stations. The Japanese army also selected Chinese women to serve as "comfort women" through ""refugee registration"". A German businessman who serves as the chairman of the ""Safety Zone International Committee"" in Nanjing John H.D. Rabe wrote in his diary on December 25, 1937: ""The Japanese ordered that every refugee must be registered, and the registration must be completed within the next 10 days. There are 200,000 refugees***, which is not an easy task. The first trouble has already come. A large number of able-bodied civilians have been selected. Their fate is either to be pulled out to do hard labor or to be executed. A large number of young girls were also selected in order to build a large-scale soldier brothel." The Japanese army often used deceit to lure many Chinese women, claiming that they would do laundry, cooking, cleaning, and waitresses for the Japanese army. While waiting for work, they were forced to work as "comfort women" in the "comfort stations" of various armies at night. These Chinese women who were deceived by the Japanese army lost their freedom from then on, and most of them never left the Japanese army barracks. . After the Japanese army obtained a large number of Chinese women, each unit randomly selected some locations and built various unbranded temporary "comfort stations". For a time, such temporary "comfort stations" were spread all over Nanjing. This These temporary "comfort stations" were opened by various units of the Japanese army themselves. The number was too large to be counted, but they were short-lived. After the social order in Nanjing gradually stabilized and the Japanese army adjusted its defenses, the number decreased and gradually became other forms of comfort stations. ""comfort station" instead. The second way for the Japanese army to establish a ""comfort station" in Nanjing was through some local traitors and ruffians in Nanjing to ""recruit", coerce, and trick Chinese women into setting up a ""comfort station". After the Nanjing puppet regime was established, it ordered the puppet regime to dispatch specialized personnel to take charge of this work. As early as mid-December 1937, shortly after the Japanese army occupied Nanjing, Onishi and others from the Japanese "Nanjing Special Agent Squad". He ordered the traitors Sun Shurong, Wang Chengdian and others to quickly recruit 100 "flower girls" to establish the "Imperial Army Comfort Station". Wang Chengdian was originally an auctioneer on Baotai Street in Nanjing and was closely connected with Nanjing's lower society. "When the Japanese army invaded Nanjing, he was first hired to work in the "International Committee of the "Safety Zone", but soon he got in touch with the Japanese army and became an agent of the Japanese side. He knew Qiao, a gangster in Nanjing who was expert in running brothels. Hongnian recommended to Onishi that Qiao Hongnian should run the "comfort station" and recruit Chinese women. Wang Chengdian's suggestion was approved by Onishi. Qiao Hongnian collaborated with the Japanese army and from December 18th to 20th, 300 people were forcibly recruited. More than 100 women were selected from them, and Wang Chengdian and Sun Shurong handed them over to Daxi for review and approval. Qiao Nai selected two large mansions in Fuhougang and Tieguanxiang as the sites for the establishment of the "comfort station". He also brought Japanese military police from some national policemen. ** The mansion was decorated with fine furniture. On December 22, the first "comfort station" founded by the traitors was officially opened. After that, the Japanese military authorities requested that more "comfort stations" be opened. "Comfort Station".

On April 12, 1938, Qiao Hongnian, who had already opened and managed a number of "comfort stations" and was experienced, was "entrusted" by the Japanese military secret service to report to the puppet "comfort station" as the "director of the "comfort stations" Sun Shurong, chairman of the "Nanjing Municipal Autonomous Committee", and Wang Chengdian, director of the industrial and commercial section, submitted a petition to apply for opening a new "comfort station" in the Confucius Temple area in the south of Nanjing. Qiao Hongnian's submission stated: "The "comfort station" was stolen. Entrusted by the Nanjing secret service, in order to prosper the Confucius Temple market, revitalize the area's commerce, and adjust the city's people's livelihood, it was designated to be located in Confucius Temple, the original site of Haidongchun Hotel on Gongyuan Street, the original site of Yongan Automobile Dealership on Shifu Road, and all the houses in Yonganli. , there are two "People's Comfort Stations", which have been repaired and will be opened as soon as the construction is completed. In addition to separately submitting them to the competent authorities, they should prepare a report for approval, approve the filing, and provide protection. This is ethical. "It's up to you." Wang Chengdian immediately ordered: ""Approval and transfer to the Police Department to send officers to check." On April 13, 1938, the pseudo-"Nanjing Municipal Autonomous Committee" issued Instruction No. 239 specifically for this matter. Since then, , the so-called ""people's comfort station"" was officially opened for business. The Japanese authorities have clear rewards and punishments for the puppet communist officials who can complete the task of searching for ""comfort women" and establishing ""comfort stations". Once the Japanese military secret service asked the puppet Wang Chunsheng, the director of the Nanjing Police Department, selected 500 Chinese women to be "comfort women" and sent them to relevant Japanese troops. Wang Chunsheng failed to complete the task as scheduled, and the head of the Japanese military secret service slapped Wang Chunsheng twice on the spot. Established by Chinese gangsters and traitors and the puppet regime The ""Comfort Station"" was once welcomed by the Japanese military authorities in the early days of the Japanese occupation of Nanjing and existed for a long time. However, after all, the Japanese military authorities had various doubts and scruples about it, especially when the Japanese authorities implemented the "Comfort Station" in Nanjing. After the so-called "East Asia Alliance Movement" and "New Policy toward China" that promoted "equality" and "friendship", the Japanese army in Nanjing had to curb some overbearing behaviors that were easily disgusted by the Chinese people. The ""comfort stations" opened by the puppet regime gradually decreased in Nanjing, or ceased operations, or were taken over by the Japanese. After the situation in Nanjing stabilized in mid-1938, the main way for the Japanese army to establish ""comfort stations" in Nanjing was through the Japanese The military headquarters established these on their own to serve high-level and mid-level Japanese generals; more were entrusted by the Japanese military headquarters to Japanese overseas prostitute owners to set up establishments in Nanjing to serve the "comfort women" of ordinary Japanese military officers and soldiers. "At first, most of them were Japanese and Korean women recruited by the Japanese military. Later, more and more Chinese women were coerced and tricked into serving as "comfort women" in such "comfort stations". This type of "comfort women" The "Comfort Station" received support and protection from the Japanese authorities, enjoyed various invasion privileges, and had a stable source of customers and financial resources. Therefore, its business was prosperous and its scale of operation grew. It gradually became the most important ""Comfort Station"" in Nanjing and has always existed. After the Japanese surrendered in August 1945, Nanjing residents called these "comfort stations" such as those with many Japanese "comfort women" "Japanese brothels" and those with many "Korean comfort women" called "Korea". "Chinese brothels", such as China where there are many "comfort women", are called "Chinese brothels". These ""comfort stations" are mainly concentrated in the following areas: 1. The southern part of the city: from the Confucius Temple to the Daxing Palace area. This area is the most prosperous commercial district in Nanjing, and it is also where Japanese expatriates gather and live as designated by the Japanese authorities. ""Japanese Street" is located and close to the Japanese military barracks and many military agencies. Therefore, there are many comfort stations opened and operated by the Japanese military or Japanese prostitute owners. According to the "Japanese Street" center lane at that time Gao Chengming (born in 1927), who worked as an apprentice in a small restaurant, said in an interview on November 21, 2005: ""I worked as an apprentice in Kexiang, Nanjing, making noodles and selling noodles and wontons. ...Kexiang is full of kilns, which were called comfort stations at that time. There are Ertiao Alley, Sitiao Alley, Liji Alley, and Wenchang Alley. There are seven or eight of them! They are all buildings. There are Japanese kilns and Chinese kilns. There's a sign on the wall. I went inside to deliver noodles and wontons. I was sixteen or seventeen years old at that time. The Chinese brothels are full of Chinese girls, and there are photos and numbers inside. If you look for Number One, Number One will pick you up. No Chinese can enter, only translators can enter. Once, a drunken Japanese man slashed the rickshaw driver's head with a Japanese knife and spilled the noodles and wontons. … The girls in the brothels don’t come out, so they are sometimes taken out in rickshaws to have their bodies checked. There is a kiln in Liji Lane called "Wuqilou". How do you spell it? have no idea.

I only know it’s called ‘Wuqi Tower’, that’s what everyone calls it. "The larger comfort stations in Gao Chengming's area include:" "Anle Hotel Comfort Station", "Matsushita Fugui Building Comfort Station", "Qingnan Building Comfort Station", "Dongyun Comfort Station", "Guxiang Building Comfort Station" "Azuma Building Comfort Station", "Nanghua Building Comfort Station", "Chikushiya Military Canteen", "Asahiya Military Canteen", "Dahua Building Comfort Station", etc. 2. Northern part of the city: Shimonoseki area. This area It is a transportation hub and commercial area in Nanjing. The Xiaguan Railway Station and the Yangtze River Wharf are under Japanese military control. Therefore, there are many Japanese troops stationed here. Accordingly, the Japanese authorities have set up a number of comfort stations here, mainly including: " " "Kagetsulou Comfort Station", "Railway Bridge Comfort Station", "Nikka Kaikan Comfort Station", "Seongan-ri Station A Comfort Station", ""Seongan-ri Station B Comfort Station", ""Tsurumi Comfort Station", "" Higashi "Xingshenglou Comfort Station", "Coal Port Comfort Station", "Ogakikan Military Comfort Station", etc. Third, the central area of ??the city. Although this area is the center of Nanjing, it is not a bustling commercial area, but has a relatively concentrated number of schools. It is an administrative area where cultural, educational, educational and government authorities are concentrated. Therefore, there are relatively few comfort stations opened and operated by the Japanese military or Japanese prostitute owners. The main ones are: "Drum Tower Hotel Central Comfort Station", "Fu Hougang Comfort Station", "Pearl River Hotel" "Comfort Station", "Limin Comfort Station", "Mengxiang Comfort Station", "Manwol Comfort Station", "Chrysanthemum Water Hall Comfort Station", "*** Rakukan Comfort Station", "Shangjunnan Comfort Station", etc. . Fourth, the suburbs outside the city: Pukou, Jiangpu, Tangshan and other places. This is mainly because the Japanese troops are stationed in these areas, and the Pukou area is the terminal station of the Jinpu Railway and the Japanese "Second Anchorage" and "Mitsui Pier". " and Pukou Prisoner of War Camp are located where a large number of Japanese troops are concentrated. Therefore, the Japanese military or Japanese prostitute owners opened and operated several comfort stations in these areas. The main ones are: ""Showa Building Comfort Station""""Japan Branch Office" Restaurant and comfort station, "comfort station on the first, second and third floors", Jiangpu comfort station, Tangshan comfort station, etc. (3) The blood and tears of the "comfort women" in Nanjing The biggest victims of the "comfort women" system of the Japanese army were those Thousands of "comfort women" - the slaves of the Japanese army. The Japanese army's "comfort stations". In each of the "comfort stations", women from various countries who became slaves were ravaged like beasts by Japanese soldiers and soldiers. Tortured. They were not treated as human beings at all, but just tools and slaves for the Japanese army to vent their lust. According to surveys, each police station generally received an average of twenty or thirty Japanese officers and soldiers every day, and most of them received about 100 people. The Japanese military had different requirements for women of different nationalities, and Chinese women suffered the most. An old Chinese lady who had become a "comfort woman" later complained: "It has become a donkey and horse breeding station." . Japanese scholars call "comfort stations" "sexual hells." The "comfort women" in the Japanese military stronghold in Jiangpu Tangquan Town were forced to sew strips with the words "Great Japanese Whore" on their clothes. To show the difference from ordinary people and prevent them from escaping. "The "comfort women" had no food to eat here and couldn't sleep well. They lay numbly in the compartment of the comfort station every day. There were often three Japanese soldiers crowded inside at the same time. One was just finishing his work and tidying up his clothes, and the other was " One of the "comfort women" who was being tortured had already unbuttoned her pants and was waiting impatiently. "Comfort women" often could only eat some rice dumplings from the belly of the Japanese soldiers. Some ""comfort women" just lay down. They could never get up again; some ""comfort women" were tortured to death by the Japanese army; some ""comfort women" could not bear the ravages of the Japanese army and committed suicide. The *** who were barely alive were like zombies. ""comfort women" If they suffered from illness or mental disorder, they were driven to the wilderness to wait for death. For "comfort women" who disobeyed or resisted, the Japanese army would starve them at least, and cut their genitals and chop them with sabers at worst. They even let wolf dogs tear them apart piece by piece in public to threaten other "comfort women". In April 2006, we found a living "comfort woman" in Tangshan - 78-year-old Lei Guiying. She told us that she was raped five times by the Japanese army in 1940. Later, she was hired as a nanny by a Japanese couple living in Tangshan. , only to find out that they were deceived into working as a prostitute. This Japanese couple was the owner of the "comfort station" in Gaotaipo, Tangshan. Lei Guiying had to "receive" four or five Japanese officers and soldiers every day under bayonets and whips. .

It wasn't until Japan surrendered that she ran out. At this time she no longer had any relatives. She had to adopt a child. In April 2006, after much consideration, her adopted son finally mobilized her mother to bravely stand up and reveal the truth. The fate of Lei Guiying, a Korean "comfort woman" was also full of blood and tears. At the beginning of this century, we found a "comfort woman" who had worked as a "comfort woman" in the "Dongyun Comfort Station" at No. 2 Liji Lane, Nanjing for three years. At the end of 2002, Ms. Nishino Rumiko, a famous Japanese historian who studied ""comfort women"", and Mr. Zhu Hong, a Japanese scholar in Nanjing, approached our colleagues in Nanjing and said that they had found a Japanese invader of China. During this period, Park Yong-shim, a Korean woman who was deceived and forced to work as a ""comfort woman"" in Nanjing for three years. In August 1939, when she was 17 years old, Park Yong-shim was deceived by the Japanese authorities under the pretext of recruiting ""female caregivers"" Nanjing, she was sent to the ""Dongyun Comfort Station""; at first she refused to obey, and was locked up in a small attic by the Japanese boss, starved, beaten, and finally forced to become a ""comfort woman", where she suffered all kinds of humiliation, Once, she was menstruating and bleeding from her lower body continued, but the Japanese boss of the "comfort station" still asked her to "receive" a Japanese soldier. She didn't want to, but the Japanese soldier inhumanely pulled out his sword and stabbed him. She was suddenly stabbed in the neck. She screamed, blood spurted out, and fell to the ground. Fortunately, a Chinese handyman rushed her to a nearby small Chinese clinic for emergency treatment. After the Pacific War broke out, in May 1942. In August, she was used by the Japanese military authorities as "military supplies" and sent to the battlefield in Southeast Asia. She arrived in western Yunnan and continued to be ravaged by the Japanese army there. Until the Japanese army was defeated in September 1944, she was rescued by the Chinese army and returned to North Korea. In 2002, Park Yong-shim is 80 years old and lives in Pyongyang, the capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Regarding Park Yong-shim's bloody and tearful history as a "comfort woman", they have found more human and physical evidence in western Yunnan. Nanjing is almost blank, so we are asked to go to Nanjing to find and confirm the site of the "comfort station" where she lived for about three years when she was forced to serve as a "comfort woman" in Nanjing based on the clues provided by Park Yongxin's memories. Provide more strong evidence for Mr. Park Yongxin to file a legal complaint against Japan. Mr. Park Yongxin also wants to go to Nanjing and western Yunnan to expose the heinous crimes of Japanese militarism through his own experience. This is undoubtedly a very meaningful act in the world! The mission of all righteous scholars is the same and interlinked. With the sacred mission on their shoulders, we immediately began the work of searching for evidence for this suffering Korean "comfort woman" in Nanjing. However, because Park Yong-shim was killed by the Japanese army. She was only 17 years old when she was deceived into Nanjing, did not understand Chinese, and was strictly controlled by the Japanese army. Therefore, she only had some very incomplete memories of her experience in Nanjing. She only remembered the " " in Nanjing where she was at that time. "Comfort Station" is located not far from the center of Nanjing. It is a two- or three-story cement building. There is water near the building, whether it is a river, a lake or a river, she cannot remember. She lives upstairs in a room It was No. 19, and the window faced north. Looking out from the window, she could see a Japanese military camp nearby, with soldiers entering and exiting and training. The building was surrounded by a barbed wire fence, and she often heard the sound of trains passing by. . Opposite the "Comfort Station", there is a Japanese-run sushi restaurant. The store is very small, a two-story old building. In the "Comfort Station", there are Japanese bosses and some Chinese handymen. There are men and women. Pu Yongxin has a good impression of the Chinese, saying: "The Chinese are very gentle and very friendly to us poor women." When asked about the name of this "comfort station", the old man Pu Yongxin had a vague memory. He only remembered that the Japanese pronunciation was ""Kinsiyi"", which translated into Chinese means ""Jinshuilou"" or "" "Jinshui Tower", ""Jin Cui Tower"", or something with a similar pronunciation. But Park Yong-shin clearly remembers the "" stage name" imposed by the Japanese, which was called "" Utamaru". Park Yong-shim also pointed at his neck. A long scar on her face tells the story of her unforgettable tragic experience in the "Comfort Station" in Nanjing: She refused to "receive" the Japanese soldiers because of her menstruation, and was actually killed by an inhumane Japanese soldier. She stabbed her fiercely with a knife and fell into a pool of blood. It was the Chinese handymen at this "comfort station" who rushed her to a nearby small Chinese clinic for bandaging, which saved her from death. She will never forget the brutality of the Japanese soldiers. I will never forget the kindness and help of the people of Nanjing...

So, which "comfort station" was Park Yong-shim's place at that time, and where was it in Nanjing? After receiving requests from Rumiko Nishino and Zhu Hong, I began to search for the "comfort station" based on Park Yong-shim's memories based on years of research and social surveys. The focus is on the Xiaguan area in the north of Nanjing, because it is one of the areas with the highest concentration of Japanese military "comfort stations" and is close to the railway and the Yangtze River. This is consistent with the situation described by Park Yongxin. But after several days of searching, I found several "The old site of the "Comfort Station" was inconsistent with Pu Yongxin's other memories. In my distress, I suddenly thought that Nanjing originally had a small railway in the city, running from Xiaguan in the north to the south, passing through the city, and ending in the rain in the south of Nanjing. It exits the city near Huamen and is connected to the Beijing-Wuhan Railway. This small railway in the city was built in the late Qing Dynasty and operated for many years. It was not dismantled until 1958 and turned into a road. The area south of the city that the small railway passed through was during the fall of Nanjing. The area where Japanese expatriates live intensively - the so-called "Japanese Street", is very close to the Japanese army barracks. It is the area where the Japanese army's "comfort stations" are most concentrated, including several large-scale ""comfort stations"" in Nanjing The local elders called them "Nihon Yaozi" (Japanese "comfort women") and "Korea Yaozi" (North Korean "comfort women") at the time. Why don't we investigate there? In January 2003, Zhu Hong returned to Nanjing. I told him about my investigation and judgment in Nanjing. So, together with Han Xiaorong, a female reporter from "Modern Express", we started to search for evidence in Nanjing. The former "Comfort Station" site in Kexiang and Changbai Street was chosen as the key investigation area. Our investigation activities received support and help from many enthusiastic citizens in Nanjing. We successively visited the "Jushuilou Comfort Station" located in Baicaiyuan, Wenchang Lane. The old site of the ""Azuma Building Comfort Station" at Shouxingqiaokou, the old site of the ""Matsushi Fugui Building Comfort Station" on Changfu Street, etc., were finally determined to be the site of the ""Dongyun Comfort Station" located at No. 2 Liji Lane. The situation described by Mr. Pu Yongxin is most consistent or similar. In 2003, Jing Shenghong found the site of the "Comfort Station" at No. 2 Liji Lane, which is adjacent to the former site of the "Comfort Station" at No. 18 Liji Lane. , before the Anti-Japanese War, it was a newly built high-end residential area and a hotel called "Puqing New Village" for a wealthy family named Yang Puqing. The north entrance of Liji Lane is Zhongshan East Road, and across the road are the famous Central Hotel and "Puqing New Village" "Presidential Palace". Before the Japanese army attacked Nanjing in December 1937, Yang Puqing fled Nanjing. After the Japanese army captured Nanjing, they occupied this area of ????"Puqing New Village" and converted it into two ""comfort stations"". No. 2 Liji Lane "" Dongyun Comfort Station" ruins. We saw that this is a rectangular two-story house with a cement brick structure. Although it is old, it is well preserved. The residents who lived there pointed it out to us. This is where the large iron gate, concierge and other facilities of the original "Comfort Station" were located. When we entered this building, we saw a long and narrow passage between the first and second floors. On both sides of the passage were two rows facing south and south respectively. There are small rooms facing north, one connected to the other, door to door, just like a hotel. There are 14 rooms on the first floor: 16 rooms on the second floor. The beds in the room are also very strange. They are all sunken inside, unlike Chinese bedrooms. According to insiders, they were used by the Japanese to put tatami mats in the room, which can serve as a shield. Tao Xiaonian, a resident upstairs, told us that there used to be a round number plate nailed on the door of each room. His house number was "No. 12" or "No. 18". And so on. , there must be ""No. 19"" in this building, which is the room number provided by Park Yong-shin. There is a bar at the entrance on the first floor. There is a small shelf above a room on the second floor. An insider said, This was the place where disobedient "comfort women" were imprisoned and punished. To the southwest outside this bungalow is a two-story building facing the street. There is an aisle in the middle of the first floor with a large iron gate. A ticket office. Local Nanjing residents called this “comfort station” the “Korea brothel” because they saw that most of the “comfort women” in this “comfort station” were young Korean women. Japanese officers and soldiers When you get here, you have to buy a ticket at the big iron gate to enter. According to an interview with us, Mrs. Yang Xiuying (born in 1909), who has lived at No. 14 Liji Lane for generations, said that her family fled from the place of refuge at the turn of the spring and summer of 1938. Liuhe returned to his hometown to live here. He first made a living by setting up a cigarette stall, and then opened a ""Deshengxiang Tobacco and Liquor Grocery Store", where he has lived ever since.

At that time, there were many Japanese living around her house. Some lived in their own homes, some opened shops and banks, and some opened "comfort stations". She learned to speak Japanese from them. The Korean kiln was behind her house, and the boss Chida often went to her grocery store to buy tobacco, alcohol and other items. She knew many Korean "comfort women" in this "comfort station". Because these women wore Korean clothes, she knew they were Koreans. She saw that they were Koreans. Many Japanese officers and soldiers wearing military uniforms and carrying sabers came here every night, and even more came on weekends. The boss, Mrs. Yang Xiuying (born in 1909), and another old lady, Shen Ling (born in 1927), came to the door to greet them. Tell us: During the Japanese occupation, her family lived on the upper floor of No. 6 Liji Lane, just in front of the Dongyun Comfort Station. She was only 12 or 13 years old at the time. She often saw many Japanese people through the window every day. When the soldiers entered the building at No. 2 Liji Lane, there were Korean girls stripping off their clothes for the Japanese soldiers. What surprised us even more was that an old local resident told us that there was a large pond not far from the building. The pond, called Dingjiadatang, was filled in in 1958, and a middle school was built on it, which is now Nanjing No. 22 Middle School. To the east of No. 2 Liji Lane, it was not a building complex originally. It is a playground. It was a training ground for the Japanese army when Nanjing fell. Near No. 2 Liji Lane, there are many shops opened by Japanese, including a sushi restaurant; there are also two pharmacies and clinics opened by Chinese, both of which serve people. See a doctor. Not far to the east of Liji Lane, there was originally a small railway in the city. It was built in the late Qing Dynasty and operated for many years. It was not demolished until the 1950s and turned into a road, which is now Changbai Road. Lane No. 18 is the site of the "Guxianglou Comfort Station". It is located to the north of Liji Lane No. 2, only a few meters away from Liji Lane No. 2. It used to be connected to Liji Lane No. 2. There are 8 buildings with the same format here. The two-story western-style building has higher specifications and equipment than No. 2 Ji Lane. A local old man told us that during the fall of Nanjing, this "comfort station" was mostly filled with young Japanese girls, wearing Japanese kimonos and wooden clogs. There were Japanese people collecting tickets at the door of the "Comfort Station". Chinese residents called it ""Japanese Kiln"." Zhang Waxuan (born in 1922), an old man who lived in Liji Lane and sold rice for a living, said during our investigation: ""Liji" No. 18 Ji Lane is a Japanese kiln, opened by Japanese. The prostitutes who come here are Japanese soldiers and they buy tickets to enter. The ticket sellers are also Japanese. *** are all Japanese and wear Japanese clothes." Zhang Chuanming (born in 1931), the son of Mrs. Yang Xiuying, who has lived at No. 14 Liji Lane for generations, told us: "I was more than ten years old when Japan surrendered, and I knew a few things. thing. At that time, there were Japanese people living next door to my house. No. 16, Liji Lane, was owned by a Japanese company, Ikeda & Yoko. There is a trash can not far from my house with a lot of condoms thrown in it. At that time, the Chinese did not know how to use these things, so it proved that No. 18 Liji Lane was a Japanese kiln. "All the women in No. 18 wear kimonos." The local elderly clearly remember that the ""Comfort Station" sign at No. 18 Liji Lane hung with the sign of ""Hometown Building"". This is the name of this ""Comfort Station" . This is also consistent with the historical data I found in the archives. In November 2003, with the help of Chinese and Japanese experts, Park Yongxin returned to her old place in Nanjing at the age of 82 and recalled that she had been involved in " ". Dongyun Comfort Station". She pointed to the scars on her neck and said to us: "My life is too bitter and I can't finish writing several books." In November 2003, Park Yong-shin was taken to Nanjing to be rehabilitated. Return to ""Dongyun Comfort Station". After Japan announced its unconditional surrender on August 15, 1945, the ""comfort station" set up by the Japanese army in Nanjing was sealed, and all Chinese and foreign ""comfort women"" were demobilized. The ""comfort station"" formulated by the Japanese authorities The "comfort women" system and its implementation are rare war atrocities in the history of human civilization for thousands of years, fully exposing the cruelty, barbarism and tyranny of Japanese militarism. This is an iron fact that has been nailed to the pillar of shame by history! In recent years, some people in Japan's right-wing forces and the Japanese authorities have tried to overturn the verdict of Japanese militarism. While denying the history of Japan's invasion of China and the Nanjing Massacre, they also denied the "comfort women" system and its policies implemented by the Japanese invading army. sin. This article only uses the hard facts that the Japanese army implemented the "comfort women" system in Nanjing for eight years to irrefutably prove the absurdity and *** of the remarks of some people in the Japanese right-wing forces and the Japanese authorities.