Briefly list some musicians who have made contributions in the history of symphony.

1, scarlatti scarlatti, a composer in Naples, Italy, laid a three-stage style of "Allegro-Adagio-Allegro (dance style)" for the overture in his works, which laid the most basic format for the later symphony movement format.

2. Haydn-The classical symphony was founded by the Austrian composer Haydn, who wrote 104 symphony and was known as the "father of symphony".

3. Mozart-Mozart's symphonies are beautiful and smooth, with clear structure, and the orchestration pays attention to the timbre effect, which has a great influence on the symphony creation of later generations.

4. Beethoven-Beethoven is an innovator of classical symphony. He is a great man who connects the past with the future, condensed the essence of classical music and created the forerunner of romanticism.

In the16-17th century, symphonies were used to deal with overtures and interludes in operas and oratorios. At this time, vocal music has been excluded from the concept of symphony, and "symphony" has since become a pure instrumental music.

/kloc-at the beginning of the 0/8th century, overtures and interludes began to be played in concerts without operas. This has played an important role in the development of symphony. Scarlatti, an Italian composer in Naples, laid a three-stage style of "Allegro-Adagio-Allegro (dance style)" for the overture in his works, which laid the most basic format for the later symphony movement format.

/kloc-In the second half of the 8th century, Mannheim School in Germany initiated the technique of melody music in overture creation, which improved the expressive force of musical instruments and the drama of music. On the basis of the three-stage overture, the allegro finale is added. In this way, the prototype of the four-movement instrumental suite was formed.

Three later musicians developed the classical symphony to the most mature stage, namely Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven. These three masters developed Vienna school of music and classicism to the peak. It also made the symphony enter its golden age. Beethoven developed the connotation and ideological system of the symphony to a new realm, and the concept of symphony in the modern sense was formed during this period.

Later, after inheriting the essence of classicism, European romantic composers made innovations in the content, modeling, band arrangement and even titles of symphonies to varying degrees. During this period, symphonies were freer in form, richer in color and more diverse in expression.

After entering the 20th century, the symphony is still developing, and more and more new elements have been added to it. The magnificent, delicate and expressive symphony still has a large number of firm fans.

Overview of symphony development

Symphony originated in Europe. In ancient Greek, the word "symphony" was interpreted as "simultaneous harmony of several sounds", and its category was ambiguous before18th century. For example, the overture of Italian opera and the independent overture before some dance music can all be called "symphony". Symphony or symphonic music we are talking about now mainly refers to multi-movement symphonies played at concerts, as well as symphonic poems, concertos, suites, concert overtures, opera overtures, ballet music and so on.

/kloc-Before the 6th century, European instrumental music was attached to vocal music for a long time and did not develop independently. /kloc-Since the 6th century, with the improvement of musical instrument production technology, especially the rise of opera, the orchestral creation of17th century has made obvious progress, and classical suites, concertos, overtures, fantasia, fugue and other genres have appeared. Bach perfected these unformed genres and laid the foundation for the development of modern music, so he was honored as the father of modern music.

/kloc-In the second half of the 0/8th century, under the influence of the Enlightenment, European music developed to an important stage, the so-called classicism period. Classical music advocates rationality, pursues the rigor of formal structure and achieves pure beauty and balance. Haydn wrote over 100 symphonies. Symbolized by Haydn's symphony, the symphony music genre gradually took shape. He defined the standard form and the double-tone band system of the four-movement symphony, and showed a variety of theme development techniques, so he was known as the "father of symphony". Mozart's symphonies are beautiful and smooth, with clear structure, and the orchestration pays attention to the timbre effect, which has a great influence on the symphony creation of later generations. Beethoven strongly reflected the anti-feudal demands and desires of the emerging bourgeoisie in his works, and greatly expanded the ideological content of the symphony, making it an important genre directly reflecting social changes. He is a great man who links the past with the future. He condensed the essence of classical music and pioneered romanticism.

Romanticism is a literary trend of thought that appeared at the end of 18 and the beginning of 19. It is the development of classicism and the negation of classicism. Romantic music was formed in 19 years. Its main characteristics are paying attention to the expression of personal feelings, free and unrestrained music, and less formal restrictions. Schubert, Mendelssohn, Schumann, brukner, Brahms and others inherited the tradition of classicism and created a number of romantic symphonies under the influence of romantic literary thoughts. Composers such as Weber, Rossini, Verdi and Bijie, especially Wagner, expanded the expressive force of orchestral music in opera and made it a grand and dramatic "symphony". Berlioz's symphonies, Liszt's, Frank's and Saint-Sang's symphonies, Bijie's and Massenet's orchestral suites, Mendelssohn's, Chopin's, Brahms' and Paganini's concertos, and johann strauss's waltzes are really colorful and dazzling.

As a branch of romanticism, national music schools in various countries also show their magical powers. The symphonic music of Bedrich Smetana, dvorak, Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky, Limsky-Kosakov, Grieg and sibelius also showed valuable national characteristics, which enriched the creation of the whole The Romantic Period. After entering the 20th century, post-romantic composers such as Mahler, Richard Strauss, Rachmaninov, elgar and Vaughan Williams wrote the end of romantic music culture, which prepared for the emergence of new era music. There are many schools of western modernist music, among which Debussy's impressionism, Stravinsky's and hindemith's neoclassicism, and the Neo-Viennese School's expressionism, represented by Schoenberg, have the greatest influence, resulting in the complicated situation of world symphony music creation. Prokofiev and Shostakovich, composers of the former Soviet Union, have unique styles. French Ravel, Spanish de Fa Ya, British Britten, Hungarian Bartok and American Ives are also influential in symphonic music creation.

Overview of symphony development

Taste symphony-baroque style

◆ Vivaldi

Four seasons suite

◆ Gandel

Concerto no.6 in g minor

◆ Bach

Brandenburg Concerto No.4

Taste symphony-classical music school

◆ Haydn

Symphony No.94 (Surprise)

Symphony no 100 (army)

◆ Mozart

Symphony no 4 1 ("Jupiter")

Violin Concerto No.3

Piano Concerto No.23

Overture to the opera "The Wedding of Figaro"

◆ Beethoven

Symphony No.3 (Hero)

Symphony No.5 (Destiny) Symphony No.6 (Pastoral)

Symphony No.9 (Chorus)

Violin concerto in d major

Piano Concerto No.5

Egmont overture

Taste symphony-romantic music school

◆ Paganini

Violin concerto no.1

◆ Schubert

Symphony No.8 (unfinished)

Rosamond overture

◆ Berlioz

symphonie fantastique

berlioz symphonie fantastique le carnaval romain

◆ Mendelssohn-bartholdi

Symphony No.4 (Italy)

Violin concerto in e minor

◆ Schumann

Symphony no.4 in g major

Piano concerto in a minor

◆ Wagner

Overture to the opera Don Hauser

The overture of the opera lohengrin and the overture of the third act.

◆ Brahms

Symphony no.4 in g major

Violin concerto in d major

◆ Shengsang

Symphonic poem "Dance of the Skull" (Dance of Death)

Animal Carnival Suite

◆ Bijie

Symphony in c major

Suite of the Opera Carmen

Taste symphony-national music school

◆ glinka

Fantasia of Kamalinskaya

Overture to the Opera Ruslan and lyudmila

◆ Chopin

Tchaikovsky: Piano Concerto No.1

◆ Liszt

Piano Concerto No.2

◆ Mo Sulski

Photos at the exhibition

◆ Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky

symphony no.4 in g major

Symphony No.6 (Pathetique)

The solemn overture of 18 12

Dance drama Swan Lake Suite

Dance drama "Nutcracker" Suite

Violin concerto in d major

Yi Chan Piano Concerto

Italian capriccio

◆ dvorak

Symphony No.9 "New World"

Cello concerto in b minor

◆ Grieg

Biergent's first suite

Piano concerto in a minor

◆ rimsky Kosakov

Shehrashar

kapritschtschio na ispanskije temi

Taste symphony-impressionism and others

◆ Mahler

Symphony No.2 (Resurrection)

The Song of the Earth

◆ Debussy

Three Symphonic Essays "The Sea"

30% off symphony painting "Nocturne"

Prelude "pastoral afternoon"

◆ rachmaninoff

Symphony no 2

Piano Concerto No.2

rhapsody on a theme of paganini

◆ Schoenberg

Five orchestral works

◆ Ravel

Spanish rhapsody

Bolero

◆ Repiki

Symphonic poem The Fountain of Rome

Symphonic poem "The Pine of Rome"

◆ prokofiev

Symphony No.1 "Classical"

Symphonic fairy tale Peter and the Wolf

Violin Concerto No.2

◆ Shostakovich

The fifth symphony