Conditions and characteristics of Tianjin's tourism development

Tianjin is one of the four municipalities directly under the Central Government of China and an international port city open along the coast of China. Due to its special geographical location, Tianjin is the largest economic and trade center in northern China. Beautiful scenery, rich products, rich culture, rich Tianjin local folk customs and rich and vivid modern historical sites. It is a famous cultural city with a long history and rich tourism value, and it is also an international port city full of modern vitality.

Geographical location Tianjin is located in the northeast of North China Plain in China, with Yanshan Mountain in the northwest and Bohai Sea in the southeast. The terrain from northwest to southeast gradually from high to low, forming a dustpan slope. The geographical coordinates of Tianjin are 38 34' to 4015' north latitude and16 42' to18 04' east longitude. Five tributaries of Haihe River, South Canal, North Canal, Ziya River, Daqing River and Yongding River, all meet here, flow through the urban area and flow into the Bohai Sea.

Tianjin is rich in natural resources. Except for the mountainous hills in Jixian County, which are thin-layer coarse bone soil, the land in other areas of Tianjin is developed on deep sediments, and there are many kinds. Tianjin is rich in water resources. There are many tributaries in the upper reaches of Haihe River, and there are nearly 300 rivers with the length exceeding 10 km. Tianjin is dotted with lakes and is known as the land of Tianjin.

Tianjin is also rich in biological resources. There are vascular plants 1049 species in plant resources, belonging to 149 families and 527 genera. Natural vegetation is mainly distributed in mountainous areas of Jixian County. Animal resources mainly include roe deer, wolves, foxes, weasels, rabbits, rock squirrels and barefoot catfish. , more common in mountainous areas of Jixian County. On the vast plain, there are common rabbits, mice, weasels and hedgehogs. There are 235 species of birds in Tianjin, belonging to 17 orders and 48 families. Tianjin is rich in aquatic products, including hairtail, small yellow croaker, yellow croaker, perch, prawn, sea crab and shellfish 150. There are 59 kinds of freshwater fish cultured in canals and ponds, such as carp, silver carp, crucian carp and grass carp.

There are more than 100 scenic spots in Tianjin, including ten Jinmen scenic spots such as Huangyaguan Great Wall, Dule Temple in Jixian County, Panshan Scenic Area and Haihe Scenic Area, historical buildings with different styles, and 12 modern cultural amusement places and cultural relics built in Tianjin since 1980s.

In the 1970s, there were only three hotels in Tianjin: Tianjin Hotel, Yingbin Hotel and Friendship Hotel. After 1979, three four-star hotels, namely Crystal Palace Hotel, Sheraton Hotel and Hyatt Hotel, and three-star hotels such as Jin Lihua Hotel, North Hotel and Shengli Hotel will be built. Up to1996 * *, there are 70 foreign-related hotels and restaurants, including 45 star-rated hotels. There are 9000 guest rooms.

Tianjin's flavor food enjoys a high reputation, including more than 50 kinds of snacks such as Goubuli Steamed Bun, Erduoyan Fried Cake and 18th Street Twist, and many kinds of special foods such as Wei Qing radish, whitebait, purple crab and prawn. There are 59 foreign-related restaurants, including more than 20 cuisines such as Sichuan cuisine, Shandong cuisine, Guangdong cuisine and Tianjin cuisine, as well as Muslim, palace and foreign cuisines. All tourist hotels also have specialties.

Tianjin's tourist commodities, such as Fengchuan brand carpet, Yangliuqing New Year pictures, clay figurine Zhang Caisu, Wiki kite and other traditional handicrafts, are deeply loved by tourists. There are 565,438+0 designated tourist shopping stores dealing in tourist commodities. The famous ones are Tianjin Friendship Company, Overseas Chinese Store, International Shopping Mall, Yangliuqing New Year Painting Society, and the business department of clay figurine Zhang handicrafts in Guwen Street. All tourist hotels have shopping centers or commodity sales departments, and all open tourist spots have shops selling tourist commodities. Many "time-honored" shops with a history of 100 years have opened in Guwen Street. There are also 8 key enterprises in designated production of tourism commodities in China.

When you travel to Tianjin, you can also enjoy Beijing Opera, Pingju, acrobatics, Quyi, music, song and dance and other cultural programs in Tianjin, and learn China language, history, martial arts and cooking skills. Since 1982, Tianjin has held a variety of special tours, such as international cruise tour, ancient canal tour, Tianjin International Marathon tour before and after the race, Haihe River one-day tour, Chinese rose festival and so on. Visitors can learn about the folk customs, customs and history of Tianjin through these activities.

Tianjin tourism education and personnel training have also made great progress. Nankai University has set up the Department of Tourism, Tianjin University of Commerce has set up the Department of Hotel and Tourism Enterprise Management, the National Tourism Administration has invested in the establishment of Tianjin China Tourism Training Center and Tourism Management Cadre College, and Tianjin has successively set up two tourism secondary specialized schools.

Tianjin Great Tragedy Hospital

Located in Tianwei Road, Hebei District, Tianjin, Great Compassion Hospital is the largest well-preserved Buddhist temple in Tianjin. It consists of two parts: the West Courtyard and the East Courtyard. The West Courtyard, also known as the Old Temple, was built in the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty and expanded in the eighth year of Kangxi (A.D. 1669). It consists of a cultural relics museum and an abbot's courtyard. The East Courtyard, also known as the New Temple, was built in 1940, and consists of the Heavenly King Hall, the Ursa Major Hall, the Companion Hall, the Tibetan Hall and the Ancestral Hall.

There is a bronze Siddhartha Gautama in the temple, as well as statues of the Great Compassion Bodhisattva, Guanyin, Maitreya, Heavenly King and Lohan. Located in the center of the courtyard, there are hundreds of bronze carvings, wood carvings and stone carvings from the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with a very high level of craftsmanship and art. The temple also enshrines the spiritual bones of Master Xuanzang of Tang Priest, which was given to Naranto Temple in India on 1956. This courtyard is one of the key Buddhist temples in China, with green tiles on bamboo doors, towering Buddhist altars and towering pines and cypresses.

The Great Compassion Hall is named for offering great compassion (also known as Guanyin with a thousand hands). The original statue of Guanyin carved by cypress trees in the temple was destroyed by "ten years of turmoil" At present, a golden statue of Guanyin with a thousand hands, which is 36 meters high and 4 meters wide, is solemn and attractive. Wang Jiabin of Tianjin Academy of Fine Arts and his assistant spent two years designing and modeling in 1984. This new statue combines traditional Buddhist art with modern plastic arts. In the process of design and sculpture, we absorbed the characteristics of Guanyin statues of Xinglong Temple in Zhengding County, Hebei Province and Shuanglin Temple in Pingyao County, Shanxi Province, and showed the image of Guanyin Bodhisattva "saving the suffering", paying attention to the characteristics of kindness, kindness, solemnity, gentleness, beauty and no flattery of facial expressions. In shaping the hand, it changed the practice of exposing the arm from behind in Qing dynasty, and adopted the method of extending the arm from the shoulder and armpit to make it conform to the modern aesthetic perspective. Moreover, it has shaped so many hands from the body, and the posture of each hand is different. Holding various instruments, it should be organized and not rigid; It must look good, not messy. The arms on the left and right sides of the Buddha statue are arranged in a fan shape. Every time they form a pair of hands, their dynamics change and are interrelated, as if it were a slow motion, with dynamic beauty and a sense of music.

Tianjin dagukou fort

Dagukou Fort is located at the intersection of Haihe River and Bohai Sea in Tanggu District, 60 kilometers southeast of Tianjin. It is a "Haimen ancient fort" with deep sea outside and Haikou inside. The fort was built in the late Ming dynasty, and there are three existing guns, named after the words "Wei, Zhen and Hai". Dadagu Fort has become an important relic of China people's anti-aggression war in modern times, and now it is a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Tianjin Dule Temple

Dule Temple is located in the west gate of Jixian County, Tianjin. Founded in the Tang Dynasty, Guanyin Pavilion and Shanmen in the temple were rebuilt in the Liao Dynasty and Zhenguan two years ago. It is one of the oldest existing wooden structures in China.

The mountain gate is the gate of Dule Temple, and the three-character plaque of Dule Temple hanging on the forehead is said to have been inscribed by Yan Song, an official of the Ming Dynasty. There are two tall statues of heavenly kings guarding both sides in the mountain gate, commonly known as the "two generals", which are the treasures of colorful sculptures in Liao Dynasty. There are 20 thick wooden columns standing on the abutment of Shanmen Bridge, with four corner columns with their heads slightly inward and their feet slightly outward. This is a kind of "side foot" technology created by ancient craftsmen in China, which is used to stabilize the structure and prevent the building from leaning outward. At the top of each stigma, there are many squares shaped like "buckets" and curved trees shaped like long arches. This group of wooden members is called "bucket arch". Bucket arch is a major feature of ancient architecture in China. It not only beautifies the building, but also reduces the "shear force" between columns and beams. Above the bucket arch is a beam, and the beam head supports purlins. They are organically connected by tenon riveting and bear the overall weight of the building. This frame wood structure is an outstanding achievement of ancient architecture in China. The roof of the mountain gate is shaped like a slope on all sides, which was called Ding Dian in ancient times. The slope is gentle, slightly curved, and the cornices are like wings, which is chic and elegant. This is another important feature of ancient architecture in China. The owl's tail on the main ridge of the mountain gate of Dule Temple, with its long tail turned inward like a pheasant, is very vivid and is the earliest owl's tail among the existing ancient buildings in China.

Walking through the mountain gate and the Millennium Cooper, a magnificent pavilion rises from the ground, which is the main building of Dule Temple-Guanyin Pavilion. Guanyin Pavilion, 23 meters high, is the highest existing two-story pavilion in China. Its outstanding feature is the "bucket arch" structure. The arches on the upper and lower eaves are heavy and majestic, arranged in a dense manner, and play a bearing role. There are many kinds of bucket arches in the whole museum. Due to the different needs of position and function, * * * adopts 24 structures, which cooperate with other components to form a beautiful and unified whole. Guanyin Pavilion in Dule Temple is a masterpiece of wooden structure in China, and it is the earliest existing ancient wooden structure pavilion in China. According to documents, Dule Temple has experienced dozens of earthquakes since it was rebuilt in Liao Dynasty, but the mountain gate and Guanyin Pavilion of Dule Temple are safe and sound. In Guanyin Pavilion, a statue of Guanyin stands in the center, with a height of 16 meters. Guanyin statue is called 1 1 Guanyin because of its 10 small Buddha heads, which is one of the largest clay sculptures in China. There are two bodhisattvas standing on both sides of Guanyin, with rich faces and beautiful gestures, which are in the same strain as the paintings of ladies in the Tang Dynasty. This is a typical example of ancient sculptors applying the image of people living at that time to Buddha statues. The walls of Guanyin Pavilion are painted with colorful murals. On both sides of the south wall, there are four-armed and three-headed and six-armed statues of the Ming king. Lohan 16 is painted on both sides of the back door of the north wall and on the east and west walls. These are the essence of ancient art.

Dule Temple has been the center of religious activities since its establishment. 196 1 year, Dule Temple was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. Today, Dule Temple has become a famous tourist attraction in the ancient city of Jixian along with Baita Temple, Luban Temple and Drum Tower.

Tianjin Guangdong club

Guangdong Guild Hall is located in Nanmenli Street, Nankai District. A meeting and accommodation institution set up by tourists (mainly businessmen) from Guangdong to Tianjin. It was initiated by Tang, a native of Zhongshan, Guangdong, who was then Guandao in Tianjin. The museum was officially completed in the first month of the 33rd year of Guangxu reign (1907). The building is magnificent and has Lingnan style. It consists of hall, main room, supporting room, theater, courtyard and suite, covering an area of about 1.5 hectares. It is the largest and most beautifully decorated hall building in the Qing Dynasty in Tianjin. The main building is a theater with unique design; The stands are divided into upper and lower floors: a banquet, a teahouse and a box; The stage has no wooden pillars, and the audience can watch the performance from three sides; The caisson is suspended above the stage, weighing about 10 ton, with a round outer side and a deformed bucket arch mortise in the center, which spirals upward, which not only has a unique shape, but also plays a sound box effect.

In the middle of the canopy, there is a hollowed-out colored woodcarving "Heaven Blesss the People": the celestial fairy stands on the Xiangyun, the monkey plays among the pines, cypresses and ganoderma lucidum, and the bat with Xiantao in its mouth is embossed in four corners, with delicate and symmetrical composition. The flower board lintels and hanging lotus columns around the stage are decorated with embossed dragons, phoenixes, colorful clouds or round carved lion hydrangeas. The balcony railings and partition doors and windows are also carved with phoenix peony, squirrel grapes, flowers of the four seasons and other patterns, which are exquisite and lifelike. The backstage is also two floors, and the upstairs is the dressing room. There are more than 300 shops and houses around the hospital, which are fresh and elegant with flowers and trees. After the Revolution of 1911, the museum was the main place for many important patriotic and progressive activities. After the founding of New China, the surrounding buildings were transformed into middle schools, and the other auditoriums and theaters were transformed into Tianjin Theatre Museum on 1986, becoming a cultural place with multiple functions such as exhibitions and performances.

Tianjin Huo Yuanjia former residence

Xiaonanhe Village in Nanhe Town is the hometown of Huo Yuanjia, a patriotic martial artist and the father of Jason Wu in the late Qing Dynasty, and has preserved Huo Yuanjia's former residence and cemetery so far. Covering an area of 65,438+10,000 square meters, including tombs, monuments, memorial archways, exhibition halls, martial arts halls, former residences, etc., it has become a patriotic education base to promote contacts between Jason Wu friends at home and abroad and to carry forward the national spirit. At the same time, it is also a sacred place for thousands of Wujing people around the world to worship and worship.

The former residence is located in the center of Xiaonanhe Village, with the east-west length 1 1.6m and the north-south length 12m, with a total area of 139.2m, of which the construction area is 46m. Huo Yuanjia's farm tools, martial arts weapons, daily necessities, furniture, and the flag of Jason Wu Club founded by Four Treasures of the Study and Huo Yuanjia are displayed in the former residence. Huo Yuanjia Mausoleum is about 400 meters in Xiaonanhe Village, covering an area of 8,580 meters, with a building area of 1.763 square meters. Huo Yuanjia's coffin was moved and buried here on April 29th, with a production capacity of 1989. The whole mausoleum consists of Shinto, stone chambers, incense halls, stone archways and sleeping gardens. The whole building adopts a symmetrical layout with a Shinto axis, and there are three three-dimensional five-star flower beds in red, yellow and blue on the shield-shaped abutment, which marks the purpose of Jason Wu Club-all-round development of morality, intelligence and physique. Sumitomo Square, with a height of 1 .8m, inlaid with Han White incense table with a height of1m, is placed in front of the tombstone. The tomb circle is made of rubble and the edges are sealed with rock slabs. Baoding is made of stone, with a total height of 3.5 meters. In the south, Shinto leads to the pine forest. Huo Yuanjia's coffin is buried here. An inky tombstone with a height of 1.5m and a width of 0.75m stands in front of the tomb. Tombstone Yang is engraved with "Huo Yuanjia", and tombstone Yang is engraved with Huo Yuanjia's life resume. The fruit trees around Huo Yuanjia Mausoleum are lush, forming a green garland, which is quiet and solemn, and it is awe-inspiring to contrast with the gray mausoleum.

Tianjin Ji Hongchang former residence

Ji Hongchang, a native of Fugou, Henan Province, joined the Northwest Army in his early years and was promoted to brigade commander and division commander because of his bravery. 1929 chairman of Ningxia provincial government, commander of Kuomintang No.1 10 army, commander of 22nd route army and commander of 30th army. 1934 joined the China * * * Production Party and continued its anti-Japanese activities in Tianjin. In the same year, 1 1.9 was stabbed to death and arrested by the Kuomintang Fuxing society spy, and died heroically in Beiping Army Prison on the 24th.

Ji's former residence is located at No.5 Garden Road, Heping District, Tianjin. It is a three-story building, also known as the Red Chamber, which is the residence of Ji Hongchang martyrs for their anti-Japanese activities in Tianjin. The building is built in 19 17, with brick and wood structure and perforated brick drywall. It was designed by Chadli Engineering Company in the old days, with a total construction area of 1000 square meters. General Ji Hongchang bought it from Deshantang in the name of You Yutang on 1930. The first floor of the building is used for reception, the bedroom and living room are located on the second floor, and the third floor is a secret printing office.

Tianjin jueshe former site

The former site of Enlightenment Society is located at No.4, Sanjie Lane, Zhou Wei Road, Hebei District. It is a small house composed of seven blue brick bungalows. During the May 4th Movement, progressive youths such as Deng Xiaoping, Deng Xiaoping, Ma Jun and others, in the spirit of "innovation", "self-awareness" and "self-determination", organized and established the Tianjin Patriotic Student Progressive Group on June 5438+09 19. Social networking sites are located here. The two rooms on the east side of the courtyard are places where Zhou Enlai and his members study and study new ideas. At the same time, I also edited the publishing house Awakening here. The Enlightenment Society made positive efforts in uniting and advancing young people and spreading Marxism, and became one of the important revolutionary organizations before the establishment of China * * * Production Party. 1987 The former site was restored as it was and turned into a memorial hall of Tianjin Enlightenment Society. Deng personally wrote the name of the museum.

Tianjin Ping Jin campaign headquarters former site

The former site of Tianjin Frontline Command of Pingjin Campaign is located at No.2 Yaowangmiao East Street, Yangliuqing Town, Xiqing District. It is a residential building in the late Qing Dynasty, a blue brick quadrangle, covering an area of 280 square meters. On the eve of the Battle of Tianjin, the People's Liberation Army of China held high-level military meetings here for many times to deploy operational plans and direct operations. 1949 65438+1October 14, Liu Yalou, commander of the 14th Corps of the Fourth Field Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, issued the Tianjin Campaign General Attack Order here. After 29 hours of fierce fighting, more than 30,000 people in the Kuomintang Chen Changjie Department/KLOC-0 were annihilated, and Tianjin was liberated. 1984 The original site was restored and turned into the "Exhibition Hall of the Former Site of Tianjin Frontier Command in Ping Jin Campaign". Xiao, former commander of the First Corps of the Northeast Field Army and deputy commander of the Fourth Field Army, wrote the name of the museum.

Tianjin wanghailou church

Wanghailou Church is next to Lion Forest Bridge on the north bank of Haihe River in Tianjin, also known as the Church of Victory of Our Lady. Tongzhi was founded by the French Catholic Church in the eighth year of Qing Dynasty (1869). On June 2 1 day of the following year, it was burned by the masses because of the "Tianjin Religious Case". 1897, the imperialists rebuilt it with the compensation of the Qing government, 1900, which was burnt down for the second time in the boxer movement. The existing Wanghailou Church was rebuilt for the third time in the 30th year of Guangxu (1904). The architectural shape has not changed, and the plane is rectangular, with a length of 30m and a width of10m, with a blue brick and wood structure facing southwest; There are three towers on the front, which are in the shape of a pen rack; There are two rows of court columns side by side in the interior, which are three-gallery-style, without compartments and mezzanines; The inner window coupon is in the shape of a spire arch, and the window surface is composed of geometric patterns of multicolored glass; The floor tiles are luxuriously decorated. It was seriously damaged in the Tangshan earthquake in July 1976, and was repaired in July/983.

Panshan Tourism Scenic Spot in Jixian County, Tianjin

Panshan Scenic Area is located at the northwest of Jixian County15km, and is known as "the first mountain in JD.COM". Because it is located in the east of Beijing. The old name of this mountain has no end, Wu Xu, Sizheng and Panlong. According to legend, Tian Chou, an unnamed celebrity, lived in seclusion here at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, hence the name Tian Panshan, or Panshan for short.

Panshan Mountain is a section of the southern edge of Yanshan Mountain, with a length of 20 kilometers from east to west and a width of 10 kilometers from north to south. It is magnificent and has a long-standing reputation. It was once one of the 0/5 famous mountains in China/KLOC. As early as the early Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong visited this place on the way to the triumphant eastward expedition, and he was full of praise. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, 72 temples and 13 pagodas had been built here, and palaces and terraces could be seen everywhere, which was unprecedented. When Qing Qianlong visited Panshan Mountain for the first time, he praised: "If I had known there was Panshan Mountain, why should I go to Jiangnan?" He ordered people to build a palace "Gyeonggi Mountain Villa" in the east of Shandong, and then he toured here 27 times. However, in the first half of this century, many buildings no longer exist due to war damage and disrepair. In the past 10 years, this famous mountain has been well restored and developed, and it has once again become a world-famous tourist attraction.

Panshan Scenic Area covers an area of 106 square kilometer, winning the five peaks, eight stones and three dishes, as well as ancient buildings such as Tiancheng Temple, Song Wan Temple, Zhaoyun Temple and stupa. These five peaks are Gua Yue Feng, Zigai Peak, Zilai Peak, Jiuhua Mountain and Wujianfeng, which echo Wutai Mountain in Shanxi and are called "East Wutai". The main peak is Yuefeng Peak, which is 864 meters above sea level. The five peaks are clustered and fascinating.

Climbing from the west road, the mountain is in the shape of upper, middle and lower plates. The three sets of scenery have their own characteristics, such as loose footwall, middle footwall stone and footwall water, which are called "three sets of wins".

Enter the mountain from Lianhualing, turn over the big stone engraved with the word "Entering Victory", pass through the four main entrance paths, Yuanbaoshi and Yingkesong, and reach the footwall. The footwall is famous for its beautiful water, including a trickling spring with bitter and sweet water quality, a waterfall named Dripping Color and the Red Dragon Pool known as "Li Pei Ganlu". Tiancheng Temple, the largest temple in Panshan Mountain, was also built here. This temple was built in the Tang Dynasty and later rebuilt. Now the word "Tiancheng Temple" on the plaque of the temple gate was written by Gan Long himself. The "Jiangshan Yijiange" in the main hall of Temple Fairy is simple and elegant, with carved beams and painted buildings on the back cliffs. There is an 8-corner 13-storey pale yellow stupa in the west of Gege, which is exquisite in structure and elegant.

Continue to go up, after everyone knows, climb Huanxiling, that is, reach the middle plate. The middle plate is rugged, dangerous or grotesque, and changeable. The hanging stones, rocking stones, patio stones and general stones in the Eight Stones are all here. Rocking stone is a huge stone like a peach, but it shakes when pushed by hand, which is amazing.

On the footwall, pine trees are lush, forests cover the sky and grow strangely. Some are like Wolong and feiying, others are like phoenix wings and umbrella covers. No wonder there is a saying that the footwall is loose. Climbing the peak of Panshan Mountain and hanging the peak of the moon are really Fu's famous sentences carved on the stone wall, giving people the feeling that "other mountains are dwarfed under the sky". On the top of the mountain, there is a Dingguang stupa built in the Tang Dynasty, which is 12 meters high. It is said that every New Year's Eve, there will be a flash of Buddha's light on the pagoda.

At the foot of Panshan Mountain, there is a famous thousand-year-old Dule Temple in Jixian City. It is said that An Lushan rebelled against the Tang Dynasty and took the oath here. He likes solo music, so he named the temple "solo music". The main buildings in the temple are Shanmen and Guanyin Pavilion, which were rebuilt in the second year of Liao Dynasty. Guanyin Pavilion, 23 meters high and made of wood, is the earliest existing wooden pavilion in China. There is a statue of Guanyin Bodhisattva in the pavilion, which is as high as 16.27 meters. It is the treasure of clay sculpture in Liao Dynasty and the largest Guanyin statue in China. The ancient and majestic Dule Temple and the lush and magnificent Pantian Mountain complement each other, making this scenic spot more colorful.

Tianjin huangyaguan great wall

In the Yanshan jungle in the north of Jixian County, it is 42 kilometers long from Malanguan in Zunhua County, Hebei Province to Jiangjunguan in Pinggu, Beijing. It is a part of the ancient Great Wall in China, with 66 towers, namely 52 enemy towers and 14 beacon towers. Between Huangyaguan Pass which passes the Weihe River, there is a Huangyaguan Pass called Xiongguan Pass in the North of Hebei Province, which is a military important place in JD.COM. According to historical records, the Great Wall of Jixian County was built in the Northern Qi Dynasty, and it was once thick in the Sui and Ming Dynasties.

Maintenance and expansion. 1985- 1987 rebuilt huangyaguan and taipingzhai, two open points of the ancient great wall in Jixian county. * * * The city wall is 3025m, with 20 towers, 1 Bagua Guancheng, 1 Zhengguan Building, 1 Zhaibao, which is restored for China.

The Great Wall enclosed the city. Xia Ying Township is located in the northernmost part of Jixian County, 7 kilometers north of Xia Ying Natural Town and 25 kilometers south of the county seat. Huangyaguan is the main pass and passage of the Great Wall of Wan Li between Jixian County and Xinglong County, Hebei Province, and the only pass in Jixian County. At an altitude of 300 meters, the cliffs on both sides of Guanxi are like knives. The mountain is steep and majestic, and there is a tendency that "one person guards it, and ten thousand people can't force it". Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, it has been a battleground for military strategists in past dynasties, and it is a famous Xiongguan Dangerous Pass. When the sun sets, the cliff reflects thousands of golden lights, hence the name. Huangyaguan was built in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty.

Guancheng consists of Zhengguan, Shuiguan, East-West Shaocheng and Wharf. Zhengguan, namely Guancheng, is the main body of Huangyaguan City, with an irregular handle, located on the west bank of Weihe River. The circumference of the city wall is 890 meters and the area is 38,000 square meters. There is a sub-city and a village in the city. The street is in the shape of gossip, with 268 families. Above the south gate, there is a white marble plaque with the regular script "Huangyaguan". There is a structural building in the south. On one side of Wenyang, the words "Xiongguan in northern Hebei" are engraved, and on the other side, the words "Jintang Guben" are engraved. The north wall extends eastward, which is the Watergate. Shuiguan is an open-bridge building and the only Shuiguan in the Great Wall of Wan Li. 1996, the remaining Guancheng was destroyed again, leaving only pebbles on the north wall. 1June 1986 to1September 1987, the third phase of Huangyaguan restoration project was carried out, and the Huangyaguan Great Wall Museum was built to display ancient weapons, cultural relics of garrison soldiers and inscriptions. At the same time, Baimolin and Baimolin were built. April-July, 1992, water off maintenance. In September, Mao Zedong's poem Molin was completed. Now Huangyaguan has become a tourist attraction, with hundreds of thousands of Chinese and foreign tourists every year.

It's 30 kilometers north of Jixian County. From Banlagang Mountain in the east to Dingshan Mountain in Wang Mao in the west, the total length of the whole line is 3,025m. Huangyakou Pass was built in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, and Taiping Village was built in Chenghua year (1466). After the overhaul of Qin Long and Wanli, a defense engineering system with complete facilities, such as Zhengguan, Shuikou, East-West Shaocheng and Brick Pier, was built. Guancheng is an important official and storage place, with Weihe River in the east and five-hole bridge sluice between river valleys. On the west side of the Great Wall, brick walls, stone walls, dangerous gables and split gables have been built according to local conditions. There are many kinds of watchtowers and smoke piers along the line, such as square, round, brick and stone, with a total of 20. Among them, the Phoenix Tower, which stands on the butte at Guanbei 1 km, is a brick circle with a bottom diameter of 16. 1 m and a height of 18.3 m, with two floors. Building a house with brick floors is rare in other places. Due to disrepair and destruction during the Cultural Revolution, the city wall collapsed. From 1984 to 1987, the Tianjin Municipal People's Government and people from all walks of life raised funds to repair and build Panshan Highway, the Great Wall Museum, the Great Wall Forest of Monuments and resorts.

The location of the Great Wall office and warehouse. Weihe River in the east and Wangmaojing Mountain in the west. Built according to the mountain, it has an irregular handle shape and consists of three parts: the urn city, the outer city and the inner city from east to west. There are gates and towers on the east, west and south sides of the city wall. Because of the need of defense, there is no gate on the wall of the north city, but the Arctic Pavilion is built on the tower. The ground elevation difference between the inner and outer cities is 4 meters, and array gates are set at the north and south ends to connect the inside and the outside. The streets in the city have no chessboard layout, but are composed of dozens of dead lanes, living lanes and scattered heads, which are called "Bagua Street". Strolling in the meantime, it gives people a confusing feeling, very mysterious. 1987 resumed, and the distribution pattern and direction were drought, drought, earthquake, loss, separation, Kun and Hui. The "Huangyakou Body Sculpture Office" in the city center has become the Great Wall Museum. In Gangua District, Baijiang Forest, Baiyan Forest and Mao Zedong Poetry Forest were established. Wengcheng has a famous bamboo carving couplet hall, and the rest houses have been converted into Huangya Villa Hotel, which is a scenic spot with complete tourist facilities in China.