The most suitable place for students to play in Shanghai

China, the ancient town of Feng Jing, Shanghai, is a famous historical and cultural town, one of the eight scenic spots in Shanghai, a famous town with China characteristics and a national AAAA scenic spot. ...

Fengjing, an ancient town, is located in the southwest of Shanghai. Historically, she was called a famous town in wuyue because she was located at the intersection of wuyue. Today, it borders five counties (cities) in Shanghai and Zhejiang (Jinshan, Songjiang, Qingpu, Jiashan and Pinghu) and is the most important "Southwest Gateway" for Shanghai to the southwest provinces.

Fengjing is a typical ancient town in the south of the Yangtze River. There are dense water networks around the ancient town, and there are 52 bridges in the town. The oldest existing bridge is Hezhi Bridge in Yuan Dynasty, which has a history of nearly 700 years. This town is very large, with 29 streets, squares and 84 alleys. Up to now, there are four ancient buildings in Heping Street, Production Street, North Street and Youhao Street, with a total area of 48,750 square meters (excluding the ancient buildings preserved in other blocks). It is a large-scale and well-preserved water town in Shanghai.

Fengjing Town became a city in Song Dynasty and was built in Yuan Dynasty. Is a civilized ancient town with a history of 1500 years, which spans wuyue. Fengjing Town is a typical water town in the south of the Yangtze River, surrounded by water networks, with rivers in the area. Known as "three steps and two bridges, one looking at ten ports", the town is small and exquisite, shaped like a lotus leaf; There are trees in the territory, rows of Lushe houses, swift clear water and lotus flowers all over the territory, which are elegant and beautiful, so they are also called "Qingfengjing" and "Fengxi" or "furong town".

Fengjing, with a developed culture, is the birthplace of Jinshan peasant painting, which is famous at home and abroad. Fengjing people love life, and folk arts such as blue calico, furniture carving, kitchen murals, lanterns, paper-cutting, embroidery and weaving have a long history. Rich folk culture and art gave birth to Jinshan peasant painting. Jinshan farmers, mainly Fengjing farmers' painters, created Jinshan farmers' paintings with strong local flavor and unique artistic style, which had a wide influence at home and abroad. There are many galleries in the town, all of which are the ancestral homes of famous painters. Cheng Shifa's ancestral home in Heping Street has been restored and opened. The Ding Cong Comic Exhibition Hall on North Street is located on the second floor of a building that combines Chinese and Western styles. In front of the building is an old ginkgo tree and a bunch of big bars. Ding Cong's life and 100 cartoons are displayed in the museum, and humorous paintings often make people linger. Jinshan farmer painting exhibition center in Tang Sheng Lane, South Street is located in the reading building of Cai Yitai, the champion of Qing Dynasty. Very elegant, but a picture reveals a strong local flavor. Farmers' paintings, Ding Cong's cartoons, Cheng Shifa's Chinese paintings and Gu Shuiru's Weiqi, which have considerable influence at home and abroad, are all concentrated in Fengjing Town, which is a rare regional cultural phenomenon in China.

There is a 600-meter-long ancient house on the Zhaxi River opposite the town government, with a construction area of 6,543,800+2,000 square meters. To the west of the ancient stage, it is located in the former site of the Qing Post Office at No.92 Heping Street, with gray walls and black tiles, and a solid structure. The doorframes on both sides are stone pillars, and the words "post office" above the high door are conspicuous. This is one of the few existing sites of the Qing post office in Shanghai. Fengjing, with developed culture and prosperous economy, is a rare ancient town with complete Taoism, Buddhism, Catholicism and Christianity in the south of the Yangtze River. As early as the first year of Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties (502), a Taoist temple was built at the south gate of Fengjing. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Buddhism prevailed, and temples were everywhere in the streets, alleys and squares. There are three temples in the town. In the late Qing Dynasty, Catholicism and Christianity began to introduce maple resources. Go to sexy temples, temples, ancestral temples and other cultural landscapes, and you can find the historical traces of ancient Fengjing Town, which was divided into north and south, half Wu and half border.

Feng Jing is honest and clean, advocating farming and studying, attaching importance to education and being an official. It has bred 3 top scholars, 56 scholars, 125 juren, 235 cultural celebrities (including 100 magistrate, 3 ministers of six departments, and 2 prime ministers) and 639 celebrities with history to test since the Tang Dynasty. In ancient times, there was Lu Zhi, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty; Chen, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Song Dynasty, was the number one scholar; Chen Yicheng, a doctor from Taitai Hospital who followed Zheng He to the West in Ming Dynasty; Cai Yitai, the champion of the Qing Dynasty, was a bachelor of cabinet and left assistant minister of the official department, Xie Yong; Folk poet Shen Rongcheng, etc. In modern times, there were Zhu Xuefan, vice chairman of the National People's Congress, a national chess player, a famous cartoonist, Cheng Shifa, Yuan, Lu Longfei and other revolutionary predecessors. They left precious historical sites, allusions and legends for Fengjing.

Fengjing Town became a city in Song Dynasty and was built in Yuan Dynasty. Is a civilized ancient town with a history of 1500 years, which spans wuyue. Fengjing Town is a typical water town in the south of the Yangtze River, surrounded by water networks, with rivers in the area. Known as "three steps and two bridges, one looking at ten ports", the town is small and exquisite, shaped like a lotus leaf; There are trees in the territory, rows of Lushe houses, swift clear water and lotus flowers all over the territory, which are elegant and beautiful, so they are also called "Qingfengjing" and "Fengxi" or "furong town". In September 2005, it was selected as the second batch of famous historical and cultural towns in China.

Enter the "Fengjing" Shipai Building with three rooms and four columns, pass through the "Dongzha" Stone Square along the Chenghe and Chahe rivers around the ancient city, walk along the river one old street with blue bricks and tiles, cross one stone bridge after another, and display one ancient architectural complex after another along Wulihe Street. Every morning, the teahouse on the riverside bridge is filled with tea fragrance. Fishing boats from the four townships pass the waterfront balcony of Jiahe River and Shihe Port, and gather in the fish market in front of the shed in the long riverside corridor. The water ripples on the river, just like the folk song "Snails fly in January, peach blossoms fly in February and March ..."

Through the Shipai Building, into the Production Street, a long row of winding black corridors and sheds along the river, with small black tile roofs and small black bricks on the ground, and red lanterns hanging high under the eaves, which is the so-called secluded place in Gu Xiang. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Mihang walked from house to house in this street. At that time, there was a wind and rain gallery shed in front of every house, which has withered in modern times and is now rebuilt. Usually young people go to work, and grandmothers use the riverbank as a platform in the porch, killing fish and washing rice, washing vegetables and washing clothes; Although the facade of the old house facing the street is not big, it is long and narrow, showing the depth of the courtyard; The river street in Fengjing is surrounded by people sleeping by the river and facing the river; Across the river is the old house by the pillow river in Heping Street. In the East, a flying beam painting building and China's plays have begun to take shape. In the Song and Jin Dynasties, an outdoor stage dedicated to performance in ancient times-the ancient stage was formally formed. In the middle Tang Dynasty, there were three literary forms. At that time, the theater was collectively called the theater, and there were records of such names as "music shed", "singing platform", "stage" and "terrace" in Tang poetry. In Song Dynasty, it evolved into a hook fence and an invitation shed, and the platform of the hook fence had a fixed roof. In the Yuan Dynasty, China opera reached its peak, and a "stage" appeared formally. Fengjing Ancient Stage was built in Chenghuangmiao Square, facing the street and the river. Whenever there is a performance, people who come by boat from the water can sit on the boat and watch the play. In the Qing Dynasty, there were temple fairs in the North and South Town God Temples. "Xiao Zhi of the Continued Wind Well" contains: "At the end, scholars and women flocked to the room to observe it, and those who came within a hundred miles gathered in boats and blocked the river." Visible its grand. At that time, vendors, Beijing opera classes, circus, etc. Will gather in Fengjing, and the ancient stage will be very lively. Now the ancient stage has been rebuilt. After reconstruction, the mesa of the ancient stage is 64 meters wide and 44 meters deep, and the stage area is 28 square meters. It has a roof leaning against a mountain and a cornice, which is full of ancient meanings. Opposite the stage, a row of old houses near the river is the morning meeting teahouse. Visitors can sit by the window and have a rest, enjoy the opera while drinking tea and enjoy the scenery by the window. According to legend, the beauty in the veranda is just across the river and can watch the performance.

Stepping over the zodiac stone, there is a conspicuous western-style red facade on the east side of the promenade, which is the former site of the Eastern Fire Management Committee and the only relatively complete modern fire control institution in Shanghai. There is a red fire boat docked in the river in front of the door, which is the last fire boat in Shanghai. The former housing management office compound on Heping Street is being rebuilt into the "Three Hundred Gardens", with Shimen and Sanjin courtyards, which are the collective names of the three collections that collect and display hundreds of folk goods. Now, the Hundred Baskets Pavilion has been built and officially opened. The Bailan Pavilion is located in the middle row of the building, with a courtyard in front, and a huge imitation ancient gold ingot in the middle of one side of the courtyard, which has become the symbol of Bailan Pavilion. There are 100 baskets with various uses and shapes in the museum, which fully reflects the close relationship between baskets and people's lives in past dynasties: there are cradles for sleeping at birth, book baskets for reading, gift baskets at home, rice baskets and vegetable baskets for daily use, incense baskets for ancestor worship, life baskets for longevity, sewing baskets for female workers, baking baskets and cigarette baskets for steaming things. "Carrying bamboo baskets in the morning, the children buy spring vegetables." Bai Juyi's poems vividly describe the scene that the basket has been integrated into the lives of ordinary people in the south of the Yangtze River. From the folk song "many rivers, many bridges, many lanes and many blue heads" reflecting the scenery of Fengjing, we can see the position of baskets in the people's livelihood in the south of the Yangtze River. There is another place on Heping Street that preserves the historical traces of the second half of the19th century, which is worth seeing.

North Street is the best preserved street in the ancient commercial street. Walking through the slate street and on the flat plank road, at first glance, there are two-story buildings on both sides of the narrow street. Looking up at the sky, I can only see the narrow sky, and the wooden windows reveal the true colors of the logs. The side of the building facing the street is a plane structure, and the characteristics and scale of each building cannot be seen. Looking from the city river at the back door, every household branches out of the river, or the eaves are stacked, or the arcades are towering, or the Goulan Pavilion, or the ground floor is close to the water tower, and the stone steps lead directly to the river port, or lean against Zhuge and Xiao Xuan windows, forming a colorful scenery of the water town. Occasionally, there are large and small Jiangnan cruise ships passing by, and people and scenery set each other off.

The ancient shops and workshops in North Street are concentrated, and the handicraft industry has been very developed. As early as the Song Dynasty, iron, wood, bamboo, farm tools and daily necessities were all made by hand. With the introduction of textile technology, spinning and weaving are popular. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Fengjing was located in the national cotton textile production and trade center, with a daily output of tens of thousands of pieces of cloth. According to historical records, "hundreds of cloth names in the former Ming Dynasty were all in Songjiang, Fengjing and Zhujing, followed by dyeing houses, trampling houses and merchants." At that time, there were more than 200 Tubu villages in Fengjing Town. In the Qing dynasty, there were many layouts in the town, and Jiangnan Weaving also set up institutions and workshops in Fengjing to produce and purchase cotton textiles. Fengjing cloth is sold all over the country. Fengjing has thus become the most famous ancient town in the south of the Yangtze River along with Shengze and Nanxun. At the end of Qing dynasty, rice bran industry replaced the declining homespun industry, which made Fengjing industry and commerce prosper again. In modern times, Fengjing Slim Rice and Fengjing Pig became household agricultural and sideline brands. Since 1930s, Fengjing has become an important producer of yellow rice wine industry in China. Rice wine, Fengjing Dingti, Guihua Zhuangyuan cake and Tianxiang tofu, which have been circulating for more than 100 years, are called "Four Treasures of Fengjing" today. In modern times, most of the ancient workshops have been ruined, and the most intact one is Shitaishan Pharmacy (Pharmacy) No.375. In order to show the production of ancient handicrafts, North Street, where handicraft workshops were concentrated in those years, is now planned as a handicraft workshop, equipped with production equipment and trained relevant personnel. At that time, visitors will be shown the ancient handicraft production skills such as weaving, ironing, pharmacy and making bamboo and wood utensils. Visitors can also operate and experience by themselves. In these workshops, you can buy original and simple handicrafts. Of course, you can also try to make your own bamboo tube, shovel, hoe, cloth shoes and homespun headscarf. ......

Fengjing Town is surrounded by water network, and most people build houses along the river. There are boats on the river, so shopping is very convenient. There are many rivers and bridges in the town, which is known as "three steps and two bridges, one looking at ten ports". By the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were as many as 52 bridges in the town, and now there are more than 10 remaining. The oldest bridge is Hezhi Bridge next to South Street, which was built in Yuan Dynasty. Simple and vigorous, the cracks in the bridge are covered with moss, and there are stone steps and water piers under both bridges. Looking from the bridge, there are trees on both sides, ancient houses and rivers, Hongqiao lying in front, stone bridges spanning behind, and small bridges flowing everywhere. Shen Rongcheng wrote in "Fengxi Zhi Zhu Ci" that "autumn swings stand beside Ruihong Bridge, which is clear and beautiful." At Hongqiao, the city river is T-shaped and vertical. Look at the three rivers, and you can see three bridges and three bridges. It is reported that a Jiuqiao Pavilion will be built here for tourists to enjoy the scenery of Xiang Qiao. Friendship Street opposite Hongqiao and the residential groups on both sides of the river are the original features of the late Qing Dynasty. "Zhouzhuang Shuangqiao is famous far and wide, and the scenery of Fengjing Third Bridge is unparalleled." The scenic spot of Fengjing Third Bridge, which is about to be restored and rebuilt, will become a landscape of the ancient town of Feng Jing.

[Edit this paragraph] Zhujiajiao Ancient Town Tourist Area-Features

The charming natural scenery of Zhujiajiao, an ancient town, is surrounded by mountains and lakes. True mountains and waters show the characteristics of Jiangnan water town. The name of this mountain is Dianshan Mountain. Although it is not high, it is very famous. It is the remains of Tianmu Mountain in western Zhejiang. This mountain is the beginning, such as climbing to the lake, and there is a "peak night" scene to enjoy.

Lake, natural fresh water Dianshan Lake, covers an area of 62 square kilometers. Most of the eastern part of the lake is in Zhujiajiao area. Hangzhou has 1 1 West Lake, which covers a large area. You can swim around the lake by boat, and the reeds in the lake area sway gently, which makes you feel far away from the hubbub and relaxed. Zhujiajiao, a famous town, is more attractive and has the characteristics of an ancient town. It is composed of one bridge, one street, one temple, one temple, one hall, one museum, two gardens, three bays and twenty-six lanes. If Zhouzhuang, a 900-year-old water town, is small and exquisite, it looks like a small jasper, while Zhujiajiao, a thousand-year-old town, is magnificent and elegant. First of all, the area of Zhujiajiao ancient town is 1.5 square kilometers, which is more than three times that of Zhouzhuang. Its home is very big and there are many natural places to play. Cao Gang divides Zhujiajiao into Jingting Port on the north bank and North Street on the south bank. There are winding alleys, granite streets, Ming and Qing buildings with blue bricks and tiles, and countless historical sites on both sides.

The first bridge, the first stone arch bridge in Shanghai, is also the largest five-hole stone bridge in the south of the Yangtze River. On July 27th, it was the best to stand on the top of the bridge and watch the clippers swing, while the other 30 ancient stone bridges were as magnificent as Zhouzhuang. In terms of construction and technology, Zhonghe Bridge and Zhaxi Bridge in Zhujiajiao are stronger than Zhouzhuang Double Bridge, and those characteristic bridges are incomparable to Zhouzhuang. Three steps away are "High-low Bridge", "Miniature Landscape" Planting Bridge, "Ka" Qijia Bridge and "Yongfeng Memorial National Shame Bridge".

First Street, the first North Street in Shanghai in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, is still so original after many vicissitudes. The unique structure of "first sight" is amazing. Known as "a long street with three miles and thousands of shops and shops", North Street has become the most prosperous ancient street in Jiangnan, which is beyond the reach of other ancient towns in Jiangnan.

The first temple, Guobao Temple, is the lower house of the Jade Buddha Temple in Shanghai. The Sakyamuni Jade Buddha carved from white jade in Myanmar, the first white jade Guanyin presented by Singapore and the ancient ginkgo are also called the "three treasures" of Guobao Temple.

The first hall, the Town God Temple with a history of more than 200 years, with blue tiles and yellow walls, flying dragons and lucky gourds, and long lattice windows, presents a solemn and magnificent scene full of ancient meanings, and cigarettes are around. Among them, "Dougongtai", "Woodcut Cross Beam" and "nave Painting Axis" (now abandoned) are called "Three Treasures" of the City God Temple, which are very rare.

The first hall is Xi Hall, which is a masterpiece of wealthy family buildings in the south of the Yangtze River. In particular, the "brick carving of wall and door" is a must, with exquisite patterns, exquisite carving and superb skills, which is amazing. The first museum, Wang Chang Memorial Hall, displays nearly 100 physical exhibits, such as Wang Chang wax figure, poetry, calligraphy and painting, inscriptions, looms, old-fashioned beds, etc. of Jinshi in the 19th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, right assistant minister of punishments, and known as "the seven sons of Wu Zhong". Rich in content, informative historical materials, crystal status is extremely high.

The second garden is Kezhi Garden and Zhuxi Park, an ancient one and a modern one; A huge, a delicate, set each other off. Kezhi Garden is a manor-style garden building, covering an area of 96 mu. This garden was built in Ma Yu 19 12, which means "reading while farming". There are bookshops, Xiang Tao Village, pavilions, bridges, halls and rooms in Langfang, and all kinds of buildings and living rooms are available. Zhuxi Park was built in 1956, covering an area of more than 70 mu. It is small and exquisite with beautiful scenery. It is decorated into three gardens in spring, autumn and winter, each with its own characteristics. There are also children's parks, restaurants, teahouses and shops, which are ideal places for rest, eating, shopping and playing.

Three bays, namely: Sanyang Bay, Jiaozhou Bay and Tommy Bay. On the pedestrian street, there are houses all around. I think, at the end of the road, turning at a right angle, a street market is in front of us, which makes people feel wonderful. This strange turning landscape of the old street is rare in other ancient towns, and you can't see it unless Zhujiajiao.

In fact, the Twenty-six Alleys are not just the Twenty-six Gu Xiang in Zhujiajiao. Every street has alleys leading to streets, streets and alleys, forming a network chessboard pattern. Zhujiajiao Gu Xiang is famous for its richness, antiquity, strangeness and profundity, which is unmatched by other ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River. Walking in the alley is like entering a maze, full of fun, exploring the past and enjoying the hutong-style interest in the north, which has the same effect. In recent years, "ancient tourism" has been favored by foreigners and foreigners more and more. It is a precious virgin land and needs further development.

The charm of Zhujiajiao, a famous town, lies in the well-known "three more", that is, there are many celebrities, many buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and many rivers, ports, rocks and teahouses.

First of all, there are many celebrities, mainly Zhujiajiao, with quiet environment and pleasant climate. It is a treasure house of research and learning. It has always been a gathering of literati and talented people. In Ming and Qing dynasties, there were 0/6 Jinshi/kloc, including more than 40 people. Among them, Wang Chang, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, Chen, a physician, Lu Tuer, a novelist, Zi Pei, a newspaper magnate, and a stone relief monk are famous.

Secondly, there are many buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Historically, many wealthy families and literati built gardens and houses here. There are as many as four or five hundred ancient houses in the town, and people with wind and fire walls, Shikumen and wall doors can be seen everywhere. "Sancha Fishing Village", "Wang Chang's Former Residence", "Fulv's Chronicle" and dozens of places such as Guild Hall, Lushi Family, Chen's Former Residence and Zhongjia Guild Hall, as well as countless Ming and Qing buildings along the street, cornices, white tiles and white walls, and Ming and Qing styles, constitute a painting scroll of ink and wash in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Third, there are many rivers and ports, many rocks and many teahouses. Zhujiajiao is the hometown of water. There are many bridges, rivers and ports, and there are countless cable boats and stones beside them. Various water bridges, various cable boats and stones are all over the rivers and alleys of the town. The unique landscapes of these water towns in the south of the Yangtze River are interesting and intriguing when carefully observed. It is simply a synthesis of history, cultural relics, architecture, customs and art. There are "double-sided floodplain" with protruding stone revetment, "single-sided floodplain" with recessed stone revetment, and "invisible riverbank" where people enter from the front door and the floodplain comes out from the back of the house. The granite relief cable boat stone embedded in the stone barge in the water lane is dazzling and interesting. Some carved into horns, some carved into swords, some carved into monsters, some carved into wishful thinking, showing auspicious and simple beauty. These long-standing carving arts add more charm to the ancient town. There are more than a dozen teahouses in the ancient town, most of which are concentrated in the area of Fangshengqiao and North Street. There are luxurious and newly-built Fangshengqiao Teahouse, old club Teahouse, antique temple buildings, door panels, tables and chairs, simple and cheap farmhouse teahouses, and the most interesting and gratifying thing is that "the teahouse is open to cruise ships".

[Edit this paragraph] Introduction

Yuyuan Garden is located in the northeast of the old city, bordering Fu You Road in the north, Anren Street in the east, and the Old Town God Temple and Yuyuan Mall in the southwest. This is the only remaining Ming Dynasty garden in the old city. With rugged pavilions, rugged rocks and Ming Che lake, the park is known as "a must in the south of the Yangtze River". Yu Garden was built in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, and was originally a private garden in Panshi. Yu Garden was founded in 1559 and has a history of more than 400 years. It used to be a private garden in the Ming Dynasty, covering an area of more than 30 mu. There are more than 40 ancient buildings such as Sui Tang, rockery, Iron Lion, Kuailou, Deyue Building, Yulinglong, Yuji Water Gallery, Tingtao Pavilion, Hanbi Building, Neiyuan Jingguan Hall, ancient stage, rockery and pond. It is exquisite in design and layout, and is famous for its beauty and exquisiteness.

At the time of the Daohui uprising in the late Qing Dynasty, Dianchuntang in the park was once the headquarters of the north of the city. Yu Garden has experienced prosperity and desolation, and now it is becoming more and more desolate. After liberation, the people's government carried out a large-scale renovation of the Yu Garden, and most of the landscape was restored that year. The whole park can be divided into four scenic spots. There are hundreds of inscriptions in the Yuyuan Garden, most of which were written by famous artists. Yu Garden was listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit in 1959, and was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council in February 1982.

[Edit this paragraph] History

Pan Yunduan, the owner of Yuyuan Garden, was the son of Paine, a senior minister of Ming Dynasty. In the thirty-eighth year of Jiajing (1559), Pan Yunduan began to build a garden on a large vegetable field in the west of Shichuntang, a family in the northwest corner of Shanghai Chenghuang Temple (now Wu Tong Road and East Mayuanlong, Anren Street). In the forty-first year of Jiajing, Yun Pan became an official and had no time to build a garden. His "Yu Yuan Ji" said: "I have been doing it for twenty years and I have achieved nothing."

In the fifth year of Wanli (1577), Pan Yunyun returned to his hometown after being dismissed from the post of Chief Secretary of Sichuan, and then devoted himself to the management and expansion of the garden. "Every year, it is all Harunosuke that cultivates and harvests", and hired Zhang Nanyang, a famous gardener, as the designer and overlapping mountains. From then on, the bigger the garden, the wider the pool. It was completed at the end of Wanli, with a total area of more than 70 mu. The whole park has pavilions, winding paths, strange peaks and rocks, ponds and streams, towering old trees, large scale and beautiful scenery.

The middle and late Ming Dynasty coincided with the heyday of Jiangnan literati gardening, and there were thousands of private gardens near Shanghai. The scenery, layout and scale of Yu Garden are no less than those of Suzhou Humble Administrator's Garden and Taicang Garden. Mountain garden is comparable, and it is recognized as the "crown of famous gardens in Southeast China".

Pan Yunduan noticed in Yu Yuan Ji that "Yu Yuan was written on the plaque to please the elderly". "Yu" means "Antai" and "Peace". It shows that the purpose of Pan Yunduan's garden is to let his parents spend their old age in the garden. However, due to the long delay, Paine died when the garden was just built, and the Yuyuan Garden actually became a place where Pan Yunyun lived in seclusion and enjoyed himself. Pan Yunduan often holds banquets in the garden, invites fairy goddesses to tell fortune, celebrate birthdays and worship ancestors, writes songs and books, plays cricket, flies kites, buys and sells antique calligraphy and paintings, and even punishes servants with shackles. Monks and nuns, fortune tellers, prostitutes, three religions and nine streams, as well as diners frequently go in and out of Yu Garden. The family business has declined due to long-term profligacy and gardening expenses. When Pan Yunduan was alive, he made a living by selling fields and antiques. After Pan Yunduan died, the garden became increasingly deserted. At the end of Ming Dynasty, Pan Shi Yuyuan Garden once belonged to Zhang Zhaolin (son-in-law of Pan Yunduan), a member of the General Political Department. In the early Qing Dynasty, Yu Garden changed its owners several times, and its address was also divided by foreign names. In the early years of Kangxi, some gentry in Shanghai converted several halls of Yu Garden into Qinghe Academy, dedicated to the memorial of Zhang Shengqu, the magistrate of Songjiang. Before the academy was built, Zhang Shengqu was demoted and stopped working immediately. Gardens and pavilions in the garden are strewn at random, the grass is full of ponds, some places have become vegetable fields, and the beautiful scenery has become desolate.

In the forty-eighth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1709), Shanghai gentry bought more than 2 mu of land on the east side of Chenghuang Temple and built a temple garden, namely the cemetery, also known as the East Garden (now the Inner Garden). In the twenty-five years of Qianlong (1760), some wealthy gentry and businessmen raised funds to buy a large piece of old land in Yuyuan Garden in the north and northwest of the temple to restore the garden style of that year. It was completed in forty-nine years (1784) and lasted for more than twenty years. Because of the existing "East Garden" and the complex garden in the west, it is called "West Garden". The garden base was originally called a vast area of more than 70 mu, but it was less than 37 mu in the seventh year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1868).

The restored West Garden and East Garden are not private gardens in essence, but temple gardens where gentry and gentry meet and play gracefully in the city. However, the scale layout is still in accordance with Pan Shi Yuyuan Garden, and the style of the literati garden is clear and elegant. Le Shoutang, which was originally near the lotus pond, has been in disrepair for a long time. When the West Garden was rebuilt, a tall, gorgeous and spacious Sansui Hall was built on the original site.

Yu Garden was destroyed in the Opium War. In the 22nd year of Daoguang (1842), on the 11th day of the fifth lunar month, the British army entered from the north gate, stationed in Yuyuan Garden and Chenghuang Temple, and its headquarters was located in the pavilion in the middle of the lake. Yu Garden is picturesque, and the spring stone is colorless. In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), the Xiaodaohui uprising failed, and the Qing army entered Yu Garden. Xiangxue Hall, Dianchun Hall, Guihua Hall, Deyue Building, Huashen Pavilion and Lianhua Hall were all damaged. In the tenth year of Xianfeng, the Taiping Army moved eastward, and the Qing government invited the foreign guns to enter the city to defend. Yu Garden has also been used as a barracks, "the West Garden is full of rocky mountains" and western-style barracks have been built.

During Jiaqing and Daoguang years in Qing Dynasty, Shanghai's commerce developed rapidly, and some commercial guilds set up trade offices in Yuyuan Garden as places for sacrifices, discussions, banquets and sightseeing. In the seventh year of Tongzhi, Xiyuan set up various trade offices, each of which raised funds for repairs. Since then, teahouses and pubs in the garden have sprung up one after another, and vendors are in groups. In an open space in the southwest of the lotus pond, some Jianghu artists, such as physiognomy, selling pear paste and Latin films, set up stalls here, gradually becoming a fixed temple fair market, and later evolved into a shopping mall. In the first year of Guangxu (1875), there were beans, rice, sugar and cloth in the Yuyuan Garden. 2 1 Industry and commerce set up offices, and some offices also set up schools. The historical sites of the past are gradually disappearing. During the Republic of China, Yuyuan Garden was divided into north and south by an east-west path (now Yuyuan Road). The ancient buildings are dilapidated beyond recognition, and some of them have been transformed into private houses. Ninghui Pavilion, Qingfen Pavilion, Haolefang and Lubo Gallery became restaurants, dim sum shops and teahouses respectively. Xiangxuetang was burned down by the Japanese army in the Battle of Shanghai and Shanghai on August 13th. Except for the exquisite rockery in front of the hall, there is only a clearing left. Fortunately, some important parts of the garden, such as Dianchun Hall, Sansui Hall, rockery, pavilions, ancient and famous trees, are still preserved.

After liberation, Yu Garden was properly protected. 1956 with the approval of the municipal government, special funds were allocated, and the municipal cultural bureau directly organized a special team to hire architectural experts and craftsmen from Shanghai Civil Design Institute and Tongji University to comprehensively restore the Yuyuan Garden. Over the past five years, it has invested millions of yuan to restore and rebuild the destroyed ancient buildings such as Sansuitang, Yuhua Hall, Huijinglou and Jiushixuan, dredge the silted ponds, plant a large number of trees and flowers, and put the Yuyuan Garden.

The restored gate of Yuyuan Garden moved from Anren Street in the east to the southwest of the garden. In addition to Lotus Pond, Hu Xinting and Jiuqu Bridge, there are 48 scenic spots in the whole park, which can be roughly divided into four parks: East, West, China and Inner. Yu Garden has restored its beautiful and elegant style. 196 1 September, Yu Garden officially opened to the outside world and became a favorite tourist and entertainment place for people from all walks of life at home and abroad.

After opening to the outside world, Yu Garden continued to be repaired. During the overhaul period of 1956 ~ 196 1 year, due to the financial and material resources at that time, although the buildings such as Yuhuatang and Huijing Building were restored in Yulinglong Scenic Area, the park still appeared to be relatively empty and unbalanced, and it was deeply tortuous with the whole Yuyuan Garden, and it was uncoordinated. In addition, during the Cultural Revolution, the Dragon Bridge of the Ming Dynasty was demolished and the surrounding Quchi was destroyed. 1982 The screw hole of Hu rockery in front of the big rockery and the flower wall of the small rockery in front of Wanhua Building are in danger. With the approval of the district government, two dangerous walls were demolished and repaired as they are. At the same time, it changed the cement pavement that is not in harmony with the ancient garden style, adjusted the layout of flowers and trees, and expanded the gate of East Garden. * * * 23 large and small renovation projects have been completed, and hundreds of sporadic small projects have been completed.

1In March, 1986, the district government decided to invest more than 6 million yuan to transform the Yuyuan Garden in three phases. Cai Dafeng, a professor and doctoral student of landscape architecture, was invited to give design guidance by referring to the layout of Yu Garden in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty and combining the characteristics of classical gardens in the south of the Yangtze River. The first and second phases of the project are mainly to transform the eastern scenic spots of Yuyuan Garden, including Yulinglong, Yuhua Hall, Huijinglou and the scenic spots around Jiushixuan. This area has always been seriously damaged, and the restoration project is relatively large. Demolition of air-raid shelter, reconstruction of Qingshi Ring Dragon Bridge, expansion of water surface, construction of Juyu rockery, Huan Yun rockery, Yulinglong zhaobi, and 100m Juyu promenade. The first and second phases were completed on 1987. The third phase of the project will restore the ancient stage in the inner garden. Because the surrounding residents live in the inner garden, the ancient stage has been locked for a long time and cannot be opened to the outside world. With the support of the Municipal Cultural Relics Management Committee, the district government moved 13 households and 2 enterprises. From the end of 1987 to August 1988, the restoration of the ancient stage was started, and double-deck Qing-style viewing corridors were built on both sides. The splendid ancient stage, with spacious buildings, exquisite algae ornaments and carved beams and painted buildings, has added a new scenic spot with elegant environment and rich ancient meaning to Yu Garden. Chen Congzhou wrote "Qu Yuan".

1989 It was found that some beams and columns of Sansuitang and Yangshantang were hollowed out by termites, and the district government decided to repair them immediately, costing 500,000 yuan. In that year, the hollowed-out beams and columns were replaced. 1993 Construction of cultural relics buildings and modern cultural relics protection facilities imitating the appearance of Ming and Qing Dynasties was started, and cultural relics protection in the park was strengthened.

Today, Yuyuan Garden covers an area of more than 30 mu, and most of them have resumed their original scale. The pavilions, rockeries, waterside pavilions, ancient trees and famous flowers in the garden are better than those in those years with reasonable layout and appropriate spacing. Yu Garden was officially opened to the public after its restoration. For more than 30 years, it has attracted countless Chinese and foreign tourists with its beautiful scenery and numerous cultural relics. In the early 1960s, leaders from Chen Yun, Japan, Guo Moruo, Xie Juezai and other countries visited the Garden successively, and some of them were left as precious cultural relics. In the 1980s, more and more foreign leaders visited the park. 198610/5 Queen Elizabeth II, accompanied by Wu and others, first enjoyed tea and listened to songs in the pavilion, and then walked into the Yuyuan Garden along the zigzag bridge for sightseeing. 10 Over the years, Yu Garden has received the heads of state and government of dozens of countries in the world.