The background of the Libyan war

1969, captain Muammar Gaddafi, who was only 27 years old, launched a revolution under the organization of free officers, overthrew the pro-western Libyan kingdom, and in September of the same year, it was changed to a * * * Republic. After taking power, he placed his relatives and cronies in important positions in the army and government, and cleverly weakened his competitors.

Oil interests account for 58% of Libya's GDP, but the government uses these oil revenues to develop and strengthen the domestic middle class in a limited way. Therefore, although Libya has a population of 6 million, only a small part of Libya's oil revenue can really be obtained. In the1970s, the government spent huge sums of money to buy weapons and strongly sponsored foreign rebels and terrorists. According to the latest survey data, 265,438+0% Libyans are unemployed, which is the highest proportion in North Africa.

Because Gaddafi is partial to the tribes in the capital and surrounding areas, not only does the economic policy implemented make the eastern part of Libya look relatively poor, but Gaddafi also discriminates and suppresses the eastern residents in all aspects.

In 2009, the literacy rate in Libya was 87%, 20 10, and the human development index in Libya was 0.755. These figures are higher than those of neighboring Tunisia and Egypt, and the education and living standards of citizens are relatively high. However, in 20 10, the corruption rate in Libya was 2.2 (the lowest in10), which was more serious than that in two neighboring countries.

The Qaddafi family set foot in oil, natural gas, communications, infrastructure, hotels, media distribution, consumer goods distribution and other commercial investment fields, and gained huge benefits every year. Gaddafi's family members have more than $30 billion in assets in banks around the world.

Therefore, after the great changes in neighboring countries, many Libyans called for political changes in Libya more strongly.

According to Freedom of the Press, the Revolutionary Committee led by Gaddafi has a political leadership system similar to that of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. It is reported that 10% to 20% Libyans do surveillance work for the Revolutionary Committee, and they are widely distributed in government agencies, factories, enterprises, schools and other educational departments, which is basically the same as the data of Iraq under Saddam Hussein and North Korea under Kim Jong Il today.

According to the laws of this country, if Libyans are caught having political conversations with foreigners, it is a crime and they can face up to three years' imprisonment. In order to avoid people's contact with foreigners, Gaddafi deleted foreign language courses from the school curriculum for 10 years. 20 1 1, a protester claimed that none of them could speak English or French because Gaddafi only wanted them to remain ignorant and illiterate.

Gaddafi's attitude towards opposition figures is to adhere to the principle of ruthlessly destroying them. He suppressed those groups expressing different opinions by force at all costs: he repeatedly ordered students and opposition members who were demonstrating to be hanged in several cities, including Benghazi and Tripoli; It also slaughtered 65,438+0,200 prisoners in Abu Salim prison within three hours. The Libyan government often publicly executes political activists who oppose him, and then repeatedly broadcasts the images of the execution process on national television.

Some western media believe that Gaddafi hired many killers to assassinate some people who publicly criticized him in order to suppress those who opposed and criticized him. For example, in 2004, Libya paid $654.38+0 billion to assassinate ashur Chamisse, a journalist who immigrated from Libya to Britain.