In "Climbing Mount Tai", the author's "five views" began immediately, regardless of "snow hitting the face", expecting, which shows the author's mood and interest?

This article is a travel note written by the author and Zhu Tai 'an magistrate after visiting Mount Tai. The author focuses on the strange sight of the sunrise at the Sun Peak. Through the description of mountains, water, snow, fog, sunshine and city walls, a magnificent landscape painting is outlined and a wonderful artistic realm is created. The author extends his admiration for the mountains and rivers of the motherland to a review of history, and describes temples, palaces, Dai temples and temples near Sun Guanfeng with a few strokes, giving readers the impression of high mountains, strange scenery and many scenery. This article has clear context, moderate complexity, clever metaphor and accurate words. It has the characteristics of "elegance" of Tongcheng School prose.

Translation and Appreciation of the Original Text of Climbing Mount Tai

First, the original "Taishan":

The sun of Mount Tai, the water flowing west; Its yin helps water flow eastward. All the sunny valleys are in Brunei, and all the shady valleys are in economy. When divided into north and south, the ancient Great Wall is also. The highest peak, south of the Great Wall 15 miles.

In December of the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong, I took a snowstorm from Beijing, crossed Qihe River and Changqing, crossed the northwest valley of Mount Tai and crossed the Great Wall. As for Taian. It was the last day of a month, and Ying, the son of the county magistrate Zhu, boarded the ship from the south foot. Forty-five miles, the road is all paved with stones, more than 7 thousand. There are three valleys due south of Mount Tai, the middle valley is surrounded by Tai 'an at the gate, and Li Daoyuan is also surrounded by water. I started walking along the road, and the road was less than half gone. I crossed the ridge in the middle and followed the valley in the west, and then I reached the top of it. In ancient times, climbing a mountain and following the East Valley was Tianmen. The East Valley was called Tianmenxi in ancient times, so I can't get there. What passed the cliff today is called Tianmen Cloud. The road is foggy, slippery and difficult to climb. On the other hand, Cangshan Mountain is covered with snow, and the southern candle is bright. In the evening, overlooking the Sunshine Castle, the water is picturesque, the flowers are sparse, and the fog in the Mid-Levels is natural.

Wu Shenhui, five drums, Zi Ying sitting in the pavilion at sunrise. The blizzard hits the noodles, the pavilion is self-sufficient, and the clouds cover the fog. In a little white clouds, dozens of people stand upright and the mountains are also. In the extreme sky, clouds are different colors and instantly become five colors. In the morning, it is as red as Dan, and there is red light under it, so shake it. Or: This East China Sea is also. Looking back at the Japanese view, Xifeng, whether it is a day or not, is crimson and refutes the color, without exception.

There are Dai temples and temples in the west, and temples and emperors' palaces in the east. It is the day when Taoist stone carvings have been lost since Tang Xianqing. Those who get in the way are not as good as the past.

The mountains are rocky, the soil is little, the stone is black, and there are many sides. There are few miscellaneous trees, many pine trees and many original stones, all of which are flat-topped. Ice and snow, no waterfalls, no sounds of birds and animals. Facing the sun, there are no trees for miles in Fiona Fang, but the snow is knee-deep.

Tongcheng Yao Nai.

Second, the translation of Mount Tai:

South of Mount Tai, Wenshui flows west; To the north of the mountain, Jishui flows eastward. All the water in the southern valley flows into Wenshui, and all the water in the northern valley flows into Jishui. On the north-south boundary of Yin-Yang Valley is the Great Wall built by Qi in ancient times. The highest point is Sun Guanfeng, fifteen miles south of the Great Wall.

In December of the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong (1774), I braved the snowstorm from Kyoto, passed Qihe and Changqing, crossed the northwest valley of Mount Tai, crossed the Great Wall and arrived in Tai 'an. On the 28th of this month, Zhu Zi, the magistrate of Tai 'an Prefecture, and I should start climbing at the foot of the southern mountain. The mountain road is forty-five miles long and all the steps are made of stone. A * * * has more than seven thousand steps. There are three valleys to the south of Mount Tai. The middle valley surrounds the gate of Tai 'an, which is what Li Daoyuan called "encircling water". I started walking along this valley. Less than half way, across the ridge, along the valley in the west, to the top of the mountain. In ancient times, people climbed Mount Tai along the East Valley, and there was a Tianmen on the way. Donggu, which was called Tianmen Creek by the ancients, I didn't arrive this time. People all over the world call the cliff from Zhong Ling to the top of the mountain a cliff that crosses the road like a doorstep. The mountain road is foggy and very flat, and those steps are almost impossible to climb. When I reached the top of the mountain, I saw the green peaks covered with snow, and the snow light lit up the southern sky. Looking from a distance, the setting sun shines on Taian City. The landscape is picturesque, and there are clouds in the middle of the mountain, just like a ribbon.

The 29th is the end of the month. At the fifth watch, Zhu Ziying and I sat on the gazebo, waiting for the sunrise. At this time, the wind was blowing snow and hitting my face. Clouds are everywhere from the foot of the mountain to the east of the pavilion. Gradually, I saw dozens of white dice in the clouds, which were mountains. At this time, the clouds on the horizon show different colors like lines and become colorful in an instant. The sun came out, red as cinnabar, with a shaking red light below. Some people say: This is the East China Sea. Looking back, you can see those peaks to the west of Riguan Peak. Some of them are illuminated by the sun, some are not, or red or white, and they are all bent, as if bowing to the Japanese peak.

There are Dai temples and temples in the west of Riguanting. The emperor's palace is in the east of Yuan Jun Temple in Bi Xia. On this day, I saw the stone carvings on both sides of the road on my way back. Since Tang Gaozong, most of these ancient stone carvings are vague or missing. Those who are remote and off the road have no time to go.

Mount Tai is full of stones, and there is almost no soil. Stone is light black, mostly square, rarely round. There are few miscellaneous trees, mostly pine trees, which grow in crevices and have flat tops. There is snow and ice everywhere, no mountain springs and waterfalls, no sounds and footprints of birds and animals. There are no trees in the dozens of miles to Riguan Peak, and the snow is knee-deep.

Yao Nai is from Tongcheng.

3. Appreciation of Climbing Mount Tai:

Yao Nai (1731-1815), whose real name is Jichuan, whose name is Dream Valley, and whose room name is Baoxuan, is called Mr. Bao by scholars, from Tongcheng, Anhui. He is a famous ancient prose writer in Qing Dynasty and one of the important leaders of Tongcheng School. In his early years, he studied Confucian classics with his uncle Fan Yao and classical Chinese with his fellow countryman Liu Da. At the age of 32, he entered imperial academy and served as editor of Siku Quanshu Library. Later, he resigned and presided over academies in Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and Yangzhou for more than forty years. He is the author of Xi Baoxuan's Poems and Poems and Nine Classics. The Collection of Classical Chinese Vocabulary compiled by him is an ancient Chinese anthology which has been widely circulated and far-reaching since modern times. He developed Fang Bao's and Liu Dakui's theory of "righteousness and law" and made their literary theories self-contained. They are all from Tongcheng, Anhui, so they are called Tongcheng School. Yao Nai's "Climbing Mount Tai" is one of the representative works of Tongcheng School, which embodies the "righteous law" (saying things means righteousness, and saying things means law).

In the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong (1774), Yao Nai was 42 years old. He participated in the compilation of Sikuquanshu, which took 37 years to complete and was registered as Shi Yu. In this year, in the name of raising relatives, I returned to the field, passing through Tai 'an, and I was the same as Tai 'an magistrate Zhu (Zi Ziying). Mount Tai is magnificent with magnificent scenery. Scholars and poets of past dynasties often climbed mountains and recited poems together in the Spring and Autumn Period, leaving many wonderful chapters. Yao Nai's "Climbing Mount Tai" vividly depicts the magnificent scene of Chu Qing and sunrise after the snow on Mount Tai. Moreover, it describes winter travel, which is different from Yu Jin and Li Jianwu's words, so it is more unique and unique.

Geographically, the author writes that there are rivers flowing west in the south of the mountain, and rivers flowing east in the north of the mountain, which is particularly spectacular. The author skillfully introduced the valley, led to the ancient Great Wall built by Qi, and led to the location of the "highest peak" from the ancient Great Wall. I made the necessary preparations for the following description of what I saw on the mountain. The author has a well-thought-out plan and puts mountains, water and the Great Wall in a vast world. Look at the overall situation from a strategic perspective. Then, the author wrote his own experience from the capital to Taian, explaining the ins and outs of the matter. On the day of departure, he set off by storm, and the climate was very bad. This seems to be a coincidence, but in fact it is the author's ingenuity. He quietly laid a foreshadowing that runs through the whole paper, creating favorable conditions for describing the difficulty of climbing and the excitement of visiting. Then he reported that he climbed the mountain from the foot of the south mountain on the 28th, but the mountain was 45 miles high and there were more than 7,000 stone steps. This is a clever way to show steep peaks by numbers. The route chosen by the author is to enter the middle valley, "the road is less than half, cross the middle ridge, and then follow the west valley to its top." It seems to be an understatement, but after reading the following "The cliff we passed is limited to roads" and "The road is foggy and slippery, and it is almost impossible to climb", we feel "easy and difficult". Climbing to the top of the mountain, you can have a panoramic view of the mountains, water and walls. Qingfeng Mountain is covered with snow, illuminating the southern sky, enjoying a bird's eye view of Taian City, Wenshui and Culai Mountain, bathed in the sunset; Clouds surrounded by mountains are like a gentle belt. The author uses sunset, green hills, flowing water, snow and battlements to form a magnificent sunset photo, which is really far away and ready to come.

On the evening of 28th, the author climbed to the top of the mountain, and at five o'clock on New Year's Eve (that year1February), I swam with Ziying and waited for the sunrise. He did not hesitate to splash ink with a thick pen and walked in three steps: one day, he will come out, and the cloud is different. The next day, the sun came out and soon became colorful. Three days later, the sun has come out. "Get up in the morning and be as red as Dan." The scene of the sunrise is unpredictable and complicated, but he can clumsily describe the brilliance and jumping joy of the rising sun, and set off the spectacular sunrise with the sky and the sea of clouds as the background. In a few words, the magnificent sunrise is just around the corner. The poet Li Bai once watched the sunrise here. "Climb the cliff to see the sun and lie on the threshold to see the east." The sea is moving in the distant mountains, and the pheasant has already sung first. "Although it has characteristics, it is slightly inferior. When Du Fu crossed Mount Tai, he was endowed with the meaning of "looking at Yue from afar", and "when he climbed to the top of the mountain, he knew that all other mountains were dwarfed." Became an eternal swan song. This and Yao Nai's "

If there are dozens of people standing in the clouds, the mountains will have the same effect. Later, the author happily looked back at Xifeng and saw Chu Qing after the snow, with bright sunshine and mixed colors. It seems that this sum can be deleted, but it is absolutely indispensable to show the effect and influence of sunrise.

The buildings on the top of the mountain and the stone carvings on the mountain road are natural and meticulous. This is closely related to the primary and secondary objects of mountaineering activities and the depth of personal feelings. Finally, the characteristics of the winter scenery of Mount Tai are summarized: steep stone peaks, vigorous pine trees, covered with ice and snow, and birds flying away. In concise language, I summed up what I saw in my interview as "three more", "three less" and "three nothing" Taking care of the ice and snow came to an abrupt end and was unforgettable.

Tongcheng school is famous for its simplicity. Yao Nai's Climbing Mount Tai is one of his representative works. Climbing Mount Tai, there are many things to remember and write. I trust the horse and don't talk much. As far as this article is concerned, you can choose what you saw on the road to Mount Tai, who is Lu Yu, what you talked about with Zi Ying, what legends are there in Mount Tai, and how do you feel. However, the author only wrote two sentences: "The road is all paved with stones, with more than 7,000 steps" and "The fog on the road is slippery and difficult to climb", which can be regarded as what I saw on the road. He focused on hiking routes and the scenery on the top of the mountain. He feels that the path is complicated and difficult, and needs to be explained in detail for the sake of the latecomers. The wonders on the top of the mountain are what everyone yearns for, so we should describe them carefully. Scenic spots and historical sites, snow and rock planting, each with its own characteristics, can not be ignored as a "record".

Traditionally, everyone pays attention to connection and deduction, and the owner of the article always accepts or lets go in order to highlight the topic "eyeball". From beginning to end, the author followed the word "Deng" closely. This paper begins to introduce the landscape of Mount Tai, paving the way for the word "Deng" and ending with several crosses. As a prose, "scattered in form but not in spirit" is its * * * same feature. However, using this standard to measure this article, it is found that the "shape and dispersion" of this article is limited, which is nothing more than a relatively free selection of materials. However, the materials taken in this paper have not left Mount Tai and the "climbing" mountain, so the dispersion of materials is limited. In the way of expression, it is mainly narrative, with description and no discussion. Therefore, the cohesion and conciseness of this paper in materials and expression methods is a powerful footnote to the conciseness of Tongcheng School's writing style.

The language is accurate, without exaggeration or elaboration. As far as the mountaineering process is concerned, "I took a snowstorm from Beijing, crossed Qihe River and Changqing, crossed the northwest valley of Mount Tai and crossed the Great Wall. As for Taian. " The five verbs "ride, ride, wear, cross and reach" clearly explain the distance from the capital to Tai 'an, which can make people realize the hardships of the author who braved the snowstorm, crossed the county and climbed mountains and mountains at that time. In describing the scenery on the top of the mountain, seven sentences describe seven pictures: ① "Sitting in the pavilion with Ziying and waiting for the sunrise"; (2) "Strong winds and heavy snow hit the face"; (3) "The pavilion is self-sufficient under the clouds"; (4) "If there are dozens of people in white standing in the clouds, there are mountains"; ⑤ "The sky is extremely cloudy, with different colors, and instantly becomes colorful"; ⑥ "Red as Dan in the morning, with red light shaking"; ⑦ "Looking back at the scenery of the sun, you can get the sun of Xifeng, or you can't get it, but it's all in a daze." It can be seen how accurate the author's language is. If you write about the wind at the top of the mountain, the author doesn't need to compare it or render it. Just use the words "the wind blows snow and hits the face" to make people want to see it. He not only wrote the vision of "the wind lifts the snow", but also wrote the feeling of "hitting the face". The words "Yang" and "Strike" describe the wind very prominently, which makes readers feel the same. To the east of Sun Guange, "self-sufficiency is full of clouds" and "diffuse" describes the big clouds. "Bai Ruo" in Clouds and Mountains captures the characteristics of modeling. The "extreme sky cloud" is as thin as a line. A line of different colors "suddenly becomes colorful" and captures its instantaneous change. And it is static and orderly, with tension and relaxation. It can be called a model of "order, freshness and conciseness".