Zhushuqiao Reservoir Zhushuqiao Water Diversion and Water Quality Environmental Engineering Project

Xiangjiang River is the only drinking water source for more than 265,438+10,000 Changsha citizens. This year, the Xiangjiang River is dry, and the domestic water of more than 3 million residents in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is seriously threatened.

1998 After the flood and drought in Xiangjiang River, the provincial government came up with two sets of water transfer schemes to solve the excessive dependence on Xiangjiang River, one of which was to transfer water from Dongjiang Reservoir in Chenzhou to Changsha, with a distance of about 480 kilometers. The second is to deliver water from Liuyang Zhushuqiao Reservoir to

Xingsha, 76 kilometers away.

After repeated argumentation by various experts, Zhushuqiao Reservoir can fully meet the needs of being the "second water source" in Changsha. The 23rd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress of Changsha adopted the revised draft of the Regulations on the Protection of Drinking Water Sources of Zhushuqiao Reservoir in Changsha, and the Liuyang River, which attracted worldwide attention, became the second water source for Changsha's millions of people.

The water source of the water diversion project is Zhushuqiao Reservoir, and the water supply will flow to Changsha in a totally enclosed and pressureless way. The water pipeline is 76 kilometers long, and its water supply scope is mainly in the eastern urban area of Changsha, and the rest will be transported by the urban water supply pipe network to the urban regulation pool. The water pipeline was completed at one time, and the project budget cost was nearly 2 billion yuan.

According to reports, the water diversion project is to transport the water from Zhuziqiao Reservoir through tunnels and buried pipes, and use the height difference of 80 meters to send it to Mapoling Waterworks in Changsha. The designed water supply scale is 950,000 tons/day, and the annual water supply capacity is 347 million tons, accounting for 60% of the annual runoff of Zhushuqiao Reservoir, with a guarantee rate of 95%. The scale of water delivery has recently been delivered to Changsha 32. 50,000 tons/day, 650,000 tons/day will be transported to Changsha in the long term, and water will be transferred from Zhushuqiao Reservoir to Xingsha, with a water conveyance distance of 76 kilometers, including 43 kilometers of tunnels. It is 54% of the current maximum daily water demand in Changsha (the current maximum daily water demand in Changsha is 6.5438+0.2 million tons). At the same time, 300,000 tons are reserved for Zhuzhou and Xiangtan. The total investment of the project is 3.737 billion yuan. After the project is completed, more than 1 10,000 people will benefit.

The general idea of Zhushuqiao water diversion project is "slow water injection, step-by-step speed-up flushing, dynamic pressurization and unified debugging and operation". Historically, Xiangjiang River was famous for its excellent water quality. Until the 1970s, the overall water quality of Xiangjiang River was still in Class II or III, and it was known as "Green Xiangjiang River". However, since 1980s, the water quality of Xiangjiang River has been declining. According to the evaluation of the provincial water environment monitoring center, the water quality of six sections in Changsha urban water source area is Grade IV or Grade V, and the main water pollution projects in rivers exceed the standard for petroleum and total coliforms.

Group mercury and total mercury, etc. , seriously affecting the quality of citizens' domestic water.

According to experts, there are three kinds of pollution in Xiangjiang River at present, one is from enterprises and cities. Xiangjiang River is close to important places.

In factories and mining areas, pollution is very serious. Harmful substances in sewage in some river sections exceed the national standard by more than 3 times.

The second pollution comes from the excessive discharge of urban domestic sewage. In recent years, the discharge of domestic sewage in Hengyang, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan and Changsha has doubled, and the annual discharge of urban sewage has exceeded 1 100 million tons since 2000.

The third kind of pollution comes from the vast rural areas. According to the environmental protection department, the water quality in Zhushuqiao Reservoir Area has reached the Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water in People's Republic of China (PRC).

First-class standards. The evaluation of environmental experts is: "There are no mines and radioactive sources in the reservoir area, and the soil background is good."

The reservoir area "has a forest coverage rate as high as 87%, a large amount of survival, a developed water system, little industrial pollution, domestic pollution, pesticide and fertilizer pollution, good sensory characteristics of the reservoir and clear and transparent water body, and is an ideal natural clean drinking water source". The water supply scope is mainly in the eastern urban area.

It is reported that the water transfer project is divided into two parts: water transfer and water quality environmental engineering.

Among them, the water diversion project includes water intake project, water conveyance project, water purification plant project and water distribution network management project;

Water quality environmental engineering is sewage treatment. A few days ago, the electronic monitoring system of Zhushuqiao reservoir dam area was officially connected to the electronic monitoring network of "Ping An Liuyang" of the Municipal Public Security Bureau.

Nine "electronic eyes" will monitor nine important positions of water intake, dam access road and dam from different angles and directions for 24 hours. Since last year, Zhushuqiao Reservoir Management Bureau has established the distribution map and information management system of water system basin in Zhushuqiao reservoir area around the implementation of Changsha water diversion project, completed the construction of three-stage database of water quality monitoring data, and installed "electronic eye" monitoring in June 5438+ 10 last year, establishing a relatively complete water source monitoring network system.

It is understood that the second and third stages of monitoring management will also implement online monitoring of important parts of the core protection area of drinking water sources and the first-class protection area of Zhushuqiao Reservoir.

Zhushuqiao Reservoir Management Bureau has also formed a system of daily inspection, weekly inspection and irregular inspection of water source protection areas to ensure the cleanliness of drinking water sources.

Can the water quality of Zhushuqiao Reservoir be guaranteed? Relevant departments of Liuyang City and residents of reservoir catchment areas, such as

How to protect water resources?

When the reporter arrived at Dingjiawan Water Quality Monitoring Station in Xiaohe Township, Qiu Weicheng and Wu Na, the staff of Zhushuqiao Reservoir Water Quality Monitoring Station, were collecting water samples. "Water samples will be sent to the provincial water environmental monitoring center for testing," Qiu Weicheng said. According to reports, more than 10 water quality monitoring points have been set up in Zhushuqiao reservoir area, and the staff dynamically monitor the water quality of the reservoir. The test data over the years show that all 88 indexes of water sources in the reservoir area have reached the second-class national standard of surface water environmental quality. "The water quality is completely comparable to the drinking water quality in the EU, and it is an ideal clean water source." Wu Na said.

In Bujiang Village, Baoxiang Mountain, the reporter saw that several environmental protection boats salvaging garbage from the Water Administration Supervision Brigade of Zhushuqiao Reservoir Resources Management Office were slowly driving on the lake. The staff said that they leave the ship at dawn every morning to inspect and supervise the water surface and pick up the floating objects on the water surface. In order to protect the water source as much as possible, the supervisors try to use small wooden boats without pollution. In addition, they also supervise the phenomenon of dangerous vehicles crossing the border, frying fish and poisoning fish.

"Zhushuqiao Reservoir has a catchment area of 564 square kilometers, including nature reserves and first-class protected areas, and the core protected areas are also designated in the first-class protected areas." Thaung Myint, head of the Water Resources Protection Section of Zhushuqiao Reservoir Management Bureau, said that boundary markers 193 have been set up in the first-class protected area and the core protected area to remind nearby villagers to pay attention to protecting water sources.

It is understood that 23 member units and 5 townships involved in water source protection of Changsha Water Diversion Project have signed a target responsibility letter to manage the catchment areas, first-class protected areas and core areas in their respective regions. Zhushuqiao Reservoir Management Bureau has also formed a system of daily inspection, weekly inspection and irregular inspection of water source protection areas to ensure the cleanliness of drinking water sources.

From June 5438 to February 2005, the Regulations on the Protection of Drinking Water Sources of Zhushuqiao Reservoir in Changsha City was promulgated, and Zhushuqiao catchment area was divided into nature reserves and first-class protected areas. The whole Gaoping town is located in the first-class protection zone of Zhushuqiao watershed, and dumping garbage into the water is prohibited. Garbage bins have been distributed in 16 village and 1 community, and special personnel have been arranged to collect garbage. On the morning of July 30th 10am, the water intake of Zhushuqiao Diversion Project in Liuyang started to open the gate to try to pass water, mainly to adapt the water pipe to the water pressure. Changshou Water will take three days on the way to Changsha. In August 18, Changsha citizens can drink Zhushuqiao water.

The reservoir has a catchment area of 564 square kilometers and can collect 540 million cubic meters (tons) of water every year. Zhushuqiao Reservoir has a total storage capacity of 278 million cubic meters. After the first phase of water storage, only 650,000 cubic meters of water will be pumped out every day, and only 230 million cubic meters will be exported after one year. The reservoir is getting less and less every year, so there can't be no water. There are two inlets in the reservoir. The elevation of the upper inlet sill is 152m, and that of the lower inlet sill is 132m. The bottom of the water is turbid in flood season, so water is taken from the upper intake, and only from the lower intake in dry season. The reporter first came to the source of Changsha water diversion project near Zhushuqiao reservoir dam. According to the design requirements, the water intake of Zhushuqiao Diversion Project is about170m away from the dam, and there are two water intakes, which are located at the elevation of152m and132m respectively. "The design of the two water intakes mainly considers the impact of flood season on water quality. High water level in flood season and turbid source water at reservoir bottom will affect the quality of source water. An upper intake with an elevation of152m will be adopted. " General Qing, an engineering technician, said that in dry season, when the water level is low and the water potential is stable, the water intake at an altitude of 132 meters should be used to take water.

Ordinary Qing said that three gates were installed at the water intake, which were not only used to take water, but also used to deal with emergencies. "If the inspection department thinks that there is a safety problem in the water source, or the diversion pipeline needs to be closed in an abnormal situation, then the front end

The gate will be closed. "

According to reports, the water intake also has a source water monitoring point to monitor the water quality in time. In the event of a sudden pollution accident, an emergency plan will be launched immediately to stop water supply.

The entrance of the water intake is monitored by security guards and cameras for 24 hours, and there are protective piles and fences around the water intake. Anyone who comes here can only enter the water intake to visit Zhushuqiao Reservoir after obtaining the "Admission Permit". The gap between the water intake and Changsha has reached1.20m, and the water from Zhushu Bridge flows to Changsha by itself in the pipeline. Due to the large drop, once the pipeline appears small cracks or bursts, the consequences will be very serious.

In order to prevent the danger caused by excessive water pressure in the pipeline, the water diversion project has set up a surge station at a proper position, and a surge shaft for releasing water pressure is set up in the station, which can ventilate and decompress the pipeline and ensure the stable and safe operation of the pipeline network. In order to prevent the pipeline from cracking due to thermal expansion and contraction, more than 20 "expansion joints" and 100 "protection piles" were installed in the whole pipeline. At the same time, the pressure measuring points are reasonably arranged to realize real-time monitoring of the 76-kilometer pipeline, and if there is explosion or leakage, it will automatically give an alarm. In addition, in order to prevent man-made damage, after the pipeline is flooded, there will be special personnel to inspect it every day. With the trial operation of the whole pipeline yesterday, 650,000 tons of Zhushuqiao Reservoir water will be delivered to the ancestral hall water plant in Liao Jia, Changsha County every day, which will produce 350,000 tons of pure water every day, and 300,000 tons of raw water will be sent to Changsha No.5 Water Production Co., Ltd. through the 22-kilometer water pipeline to replace the Xiangjiang River water source. In other words, residents who use tap water from the Fifth Water Supply Company will take the lead in drinking Zhushuqiao water.

When the water from Zhushuqiao Reservoir enters the water purification plant, it must first be detected by both manual and monitoring instruments, and then it must be monitored by both manual and instruments in the sedimentation tank and the filtration tank respectively. Finally, it must pass the "assessment" of the water quality testing center before it can safely enter the water supply network. Question 1:

Can the water from Zhushuqiao be drunk directly?

650,000 tons of water comes from Zhushuqiao Reservoir in Liuyang, passing through a 98-kilometer-long pipeline. Although the water quality is good, it must be disinfected first.

Question 2:

Our village digs its own wells to get water. I wonder if water can come?

The water supply pipes in Shashi are all connected, and the water from Zhushuqiao can also be supplied to the west and south of the city, but the water pressure will be smaller. The inflow of Zhushuqiao is only to replace the water source of No.5 Water Plant, and the area outside the tap water pipeline of No.5 Water Plant cannot be enjoyed.

Question 3:

Where do people drink first?

The first phase of Zhushuqiao Water Diversion Project will first benefit the residents of Xingsha and Kaifu District. The second phase is planned to be 300,000 tons. Whether to supply Zhuzhou, Xiangtan and Changsha has not yet been determined.