Travel Notes of Zhougong Temple in Sankongyan Temple in Qufu

Qufu, the ancient capital of Shandong and the hometown of Confucius, is known as the "Holy City of the East". Located in the southwest of Shandong Province, north of Jinan, the provincial capital 135km. Surabaya in the east, Yanzhou in the west, Zoucheng in the south and Mount Tai in the north. The total area is 895.93 square kilometers. One of the counties and cities under the provincial jurisdiction, the administrative division belongs to Jining.

Spring has come, the beginning of a year, and also the beginning of our 20 18 tourism year. During the Spring Festival 20 years ago, my family went to Qufu and visited Confucius Temple, Confucius House and Confucius Forest. In 20 17, Sankong was open to the elderly over 60 years old free of charge. With respect for saints, we revisited our old place. We took the train at 5: 20 am on March 6, and after 2 hours and 30 minutes, we arrived at Qufu, a famous historical and cultural city at home and abroad.

South Gate of Confucius Temple, 20 18 CCTV Spring Festival Gala in Qufu, Shandong.

Under the city wall, the four characters "Wanshu Palace Wall" are the imperial calligraphy of Emperor Qing Qianlong.

Qufu is the hometown of Confucius, a great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in ancient China.

Qufu has a long history and splendid culture, leaving a large number of cultural relics, among which Confucius Temple, Confucius House, Ruins and Ancient City of Lu are listed as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in China. "Three Holes" was listed as a world cultural heritage by the United Nations in 1994!

Confucius Temple, namely Confucius Temple, is also called Confucian Temple. It is the largest Confucius Temple in China, and also the place where ancient feudal dynasties in China offered sacrifices to Confucius. It was founded in 478 BC and rebuilt in the former residence of Confucius. It is a precedent and model for thousands of Confucius temples all over the world!

Jin Shengyu Zhenshifang was built in Ming Dynasty and inscribed by Hu Renzong, a famous calligrapher in Ming Dynasty.

Lingxingmen is the first gate of Confucius Temple. Ling Xing is a spiritual star. In ancient times, the spirit star was sacrificed first, which means respecting Confucius as heaven.

When you arrive at the most holy temple, "most holy" means praising Confucius as the highest moral person. In the workshop, China's watches and ornaments to ward off evil spirits are dignified and solemn.

Saint's Gate, the second gate of Confucius Temple. The water bridge on the wall went through the holy gate and suddenly opened. There is a huge courtyard with towering cypresses and lush grass. Three arch bridges were built in Ming Dynasty.

Hongdaomen, the third door of Confucius Temple, means that if people want to achieve something in their studies, they have to step into Hongdaomen and become useful materials in society!

Step into the red door in the new year and ask for a good sign with a doornail!

Dazhongmen is the main entrance of Confucius Temple in Song Dynasty. "Dazhong" is the "golden mean" to praise Confucius. The right way in the world is middle, and the theorem in the world is middle. Mediocrity is not easy. "The Doctrine of the Mean" is the only right way in the world where justice can exist independently.

China Tongwenmen Palace buildings often set up small barriers in front of the main building to show solemnity. There is no wall around Wentong Gate, which is the barrier in front of Kuiwen Pavilion.

Kuiwen Pavilion is one of the main buildings of Confucius Temple, which is famous for its rich books and unique architecture. Founded in the second year of Song Tianxi (A.D. 10 18), it was originally called the Library Building, which was rebuilt in the Jin Dynasty and renamed as "Kuiwen Pavilion".

Kuiwen Pavilion has three cornices and four arches. It is reasonable in structure and durable. After hundreds of years of ups and downs and many earthquakes, Kuiwen Pavilion is safe and sound, and it is worthy of being a masterpiece of ancient wooden structures!

On both sides of Kuiwen Pavilion are four Ming Dynasty imperial monuments. People used to call it "turtle hunchback", but in fact its name is "Bi, xi", the son of the dragon in mythology. Hey? It is characterized by a faucet, a turtle's back, an eagle's claw and a snake's tail. Being good at bearing burdens can lead to a long life, and the ruler should use it to carry the imperial monument.

Confucius Temple has been continuously maintained and expanded, reaching its present scale in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Legend has it that when Emperor Qianlong came to worship Confucius, he was tired from walking and rested against cypress trees. The cypress tree received the dragon's breath and grew like this, so it was called Longbai.

Visitors who come here will have friendly contact, receive the breath of dragons and pray for a long life!

To the north of the Thirteen Monuments Pavilion, there are five gates in parallel, which divides the Confucius Temple into three roads. To the east is the holy gate, which is a place to worship the ancestors of Confucius for nearly five generations; On the west is the gate of enlightenment, and inside is the place to worship Confucius' parents; There are three parallel roads in the middle, with Dacheng Gate in the middle and Jinsheng Gate and Yuzhen Gate on both sides.

The master planted the cypress stone tablet himself. This tall and vigorous juniper tree on the east side of Dachengmen was planted by Confucius. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Yang Guangxun, a gifted scholar, wrote five big characters: "The master planted the cypress by hand".

Xingtan is the place where Confucius gave lectures.

Dacheng Hall is the main hall of Confucius Temple and the central place for offering sacrifices to Confucius. Mencius praised Confucius' thought as the epitome of ancient sages. The middle vertical plaque is engraved with three gold-plated characters of Dacheng Hall of Imperial Books in Yong Zhengdi in Qing Dynasty.

Dacheng Hall was built in the second year of Song Tianxi (10 18) and was later destroyed by fire. The existing Dacheng Hall was rebuilt during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty.

There are 28 stone dragon columns standing around the porch of Dacheng Hall, all of which are all stones, 6 meters high and 0.8 meters in diameter. The front eaves 10 pieces are deeply embossed, with strong knife skills and lifelike dragon figures. It was carved by Huizhou craftsmen during Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty.

Dacheng Hall has 9 large shrines, 17 statues, with Confucius in the middle.

The 18 octagonal pillar on the two mountains and the back eaves of Dacheng Hall are all shallow carvings of Yunlong.

This red wall is called Ruby. When Qin Shihuang burned books to bury Confucianism, Confucius, the ninth grandson of Confucius, hid the Analects of Confucius and other classics in this wall. After the wall collapsed, it was discovered that Confucius classics remained in the world. Ruby built in memory of Confucius' collection of books.

The well where Confucius used to live is just behind the poetry hall. Because it was Confucius' well of food in those days, it has always been called "holy water".

On the stone tablet in the pavilion are the inscriptions of Emperor Qianlong's imperial book "Drinking water and thinking about the source" and "My hometown is awesome".

The Confucius House is adjacent to the Confucius Temple, and red lanterns are hung high on the wall, still retaining the festive atmosphere of the Spring Festival!

Confucius House is the residence of Confucius' forty-sixth generation Sun Kongzong Yuan, and is willing to have a "Duke's Feast" one by one. Three-way layout, nine yards, * * * with 463 buildings, plus the back garden, * * * covers an area of 240 mu.

In the middle of the gate, the golden "Fu Sheng" plaque with a blue background hangs high.

The typical official residence in China feudal society.

The word "longevity" in the calligraphy of Empress Dowager Cixi.

Daoguang's "longevity" tablet in Qing Dynasty.

The tablet of Six Dynasties Hanyi was written by Emperor Qianlong. At that time, six generations of Confucius lived under one roof, which meant that the six generations lived in harmony and happiness.

This two-story building was a refuge at that time.

The East Room in the backyard is where maids do needlework, and the Westinghouse is where relatives and family are entertained.

Avoid greed. There is a unicorn-like animal named "Greed" on the inner wall of Confucius House. Confucius put the "greed" calligraphy and painting here, and you can see it as soon as you go out. It is a warning to future generations, and it is also an important family precept not to take bribes and bend the law!

The back garden of Confucius House was built in the 16th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1503). After three major repairs, the back garden is brand-new and antique, which can be compared with the royal garden. Covers an area of more than 50 acres.

The winding bridge rockery pool pavilion is as beautiful as a fairyland.

The back garden can enjoy the blooming flowers all the year round, and it is a collection of world-famous flowers in one garden, which is open all the year round and unbeaten every month.

More than 200 spring and autumn dates? , intertwined to help the tree stretch, the crown is like the ceiling.

Five cypresses embrace Sophora japonica, more than 500 years old. A pagoda tree is parasitic on five branches of cypress, not the same species but the same root, so the tree is also called "five gentlemen cypress".

The whole big rock, if you go down the mountain, the spring flowers will bloom in the back garden.

The hotel rooms in the ancient city are also decorated with antiques.

Yan Temple, also known as Fu Sheng Temple, is a temple dedicated to Yan Hui, a disciple of Confucius. A.D. 1594 (twenty-two years of Wanli in Ming Dynasty) built a temple on the former site of Yanzi in Zhongyong Lane, laying the existing scale.

Fu Sheng Temple Stone Monument Square, with octagonal stone pillars with eaves, vermicelli doors and painted beams, is very simple and spectacular.

Yan Hui, Zi Ziyuan, a disciple of Confucius, was famous for his virtue, poor and eager to learn, and was admired by later generations.

Behind the temple, it towers on a wide and flat platform, surrounded by double eaves and octagons, nine ridges and four slopes, five ridges and six beasts, and cloisters. Around the hall, there are 26 stone pillars. There are four stone pillars under the front eaves, each of which is deeply engraved with two dragons flying up and down. Above the nave, there is a huge plaque with gold characters on a blue background, with the words "quintessence of Chinese culture" inscribed by Emperor Qianlong.

On the way to Kong Lin, visit the Wanyan Temple.

Miao Yan is more than 2000 meters away from Kong Lin. You can go there by carriage.

The ancient city wall was built in the eighth year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty to protect the Confucius Temple. At the end of 1970s, 200 1 demolished and restored the city wall.