Shaoxing historical block

Shaoxing historic district. What do you want? ://news.sz.zj/Article.asp？ ArtID=6 188 Shaoxing strengthens the protection of historical and cultural blocks://526000//nhcb/QC * */2005628232907. Shaoxing: Standardized management of historical blocks 1. Overview of historical blocks Shaoxing is one of the first historical and cultural cities in the State Council, with a long history and profound cultural heritage.

According to the protection plan of Shaoxing historical and cultural city, seven historical blocks, including Baziqiao, Luxun Road, Yuezicheng, Xixihe, Jishan, Shimen and Xinhe Lane, have been designated as key protection targets. Cangqiao Street in Yuezicheng Historical Block and the hometown of scholars in Jishan Historical Block are the first representative historical blocks to be repaired and protected.

Cang Qiao Zhijie Historic District belongs to Yuezicheng Historic and Cultural Protection Zone. This area is located in the original site of Guyue City, with the famous Fushan, Huanshan River and Yuewangtai in Shaoxing.

Around the three core landscapes of "mountain, water and terraced fields", there are several alleys of traditional scale and several traditional houses with basically complete protection. Some historical sites with rich cultural heritage are dotted among them, which together form the remote and quaint landscape features of this block.

Cang Qiao Zhijie Historic District is a historic and cultural district with the features of ancient Yue city and the connotation of traditional urban human settlement culture, and has the functions of residence, commerce and tourism. Located in the center line of the plot, it starts from Shengli Road in the north and ends at Luxun West Road in the south, with a total length of 1.5 km. From north to south, Cang Qiao, Zhu Bao Bridge, pontoon bridge, Shimen Bridge, Jiuwu Bridge, etc. Traditional folk houses in water towns are a typical model of Shaoxing's "river without street". Most of the houses were built in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and the layout was relatively complete and unified, including 4 3 platforms, which reflected the architectural characteristics and historical features of this area. On the east and west sides separated from the residential buildings, there are traditional streets and lanes, such as Cang Qiao Street, Longshan Back Street, Xuanhua Square and Zuo Yi Square, with widths ranging from 2 meters to 3 meters, paved with bluestone slabs.

Cang Qiao Zhijie Historic District covers an area of 6. 4 hectares, with a construction area of more than 50,000 square meters, with 858 households.

The historic district of Scholar's hometown is located in the northern part of Shaoxing city, at the southern foot of Jishan Mountain, to the former residence of Cai Yuanpei in the west, to Jiefang North Road, to Zhongxing Road in the east and to Xiaoshan Street in the south. This block is famous for Zhu Jie Temple, Fanqiao and Phoebe Lane related to the sage Wang Xizhi. From the Song Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties and then to the Republic of China, there are a large number of traditional houses in different historical periods, which contain a lot of precious historical relics and historical allusions.

The main roads in the historical block of scholar's hometown are Xiaoshan Street, Jishan Street and West Street, and the bridges are Fanqiao, Tanhua Bridge, Xieqiao, Song Mei Bridge and Xiangqiao. The building layout is Houhe River in Qian Jie, with corridors and piers, which reflects people's dependence on water. Individual streets and lanes are like pens, which embodies the characteristics of Shaoxing narrow alleys. The historical block of the scholar's hometown that has been repaired and protected is 1.

The residential area covers an area of 52,398 square meters, with a building area of 44,097.5 square meters and 4 5 3 households. Second, the main problems existing in historical blocks: Zhijie and Scholar's hometown in Cang Qiao are two historical blocks that have been repaired and protected in advance. Prior to this, the main problems in these two blocks were: (1) poor quality of some buildings, poor living environment of residents, and high density of houses and buildings.

After liberation, the townhouses and quadrangles in the block became public and owned by the housing management office. A large number of foreign residents moved in, and the permanent population surged. Housing management office lacks necessary maintenance funds; The old house has been in disrepair for a long time, and residents have divided and rebuilt the original building in order to strive for the usable area; And temporary houses were built in the patio, which seriously damaged the original pattern and style of the building; Due to the lack of protection awareness of historical and cultural cities and historical blocks, the color and volume of new buildings are not in harmony with the style of historical blocks.

(2) There is a serious shortage of public facilities and a lack of systematic and perfect sewer pipes. Many existing sewers are built by residents themselves, and the drainage system basically uses the natural seepage inside the patio, which often leads to insufficient water supply and poor drainage; Kitchen and bathroom facilities are seriously inadequate, and most people still use coal stoves, brush toilets and wash and cook in the patio.

(3) The sanitary condition of Taimen compound is poor. The serious shortage of public facilities makes the interior sanitary conditions of Taimen compound poor, dark and humid; High population density makes residents have poor ventilation and lighting; Residents living by the river dumped sewage and garbage, and there were many cement poles in the street, and the wires were pulled and connected in disorder. The color of the storefront along the street is chaotic, and the signboard advertisement is mediocre, which destroys the original traditional street view.

Three. Principles and specific methods for the protection of historical blocks There are three principles for the protection of historical blocks: First, protect the authenticity of history, protect real historical remains as much as possible, actively maintain and repair historical buildings, and do not tear them down just because they are worn out. Focus on protection from the perspective of respecting history, continuing history and inheriting history.

The second is to protect the integrity of the landscape and preserve the overall environmental landscape, including not only buildings, but also roads, street scenes, ancient trees, bridges, courtyard walls, rivers, revetments and other elements that constitute the environmental landscape; Before implementing the protection and reconstruction, carefully analyze the facade along the street and along the river one by one, respect their historical traces and unify the overall style. The third is to maintain the continuity of life. Residents here should continue their production and life, maintain their original social functions and promote economic prosperity.

The guiding principles for the protection of historical blocks in the hometown of Zhijie and Shusheng in Cang Qiao are determined as "key protection, reasonable preservation, partial transformation and overall promotion", that is, focusing on the protection of precious historical and cultural heritage such as ancient buildings; Reasonable protection of Shaoxing characteristic buildings; Gradually transform the typical taimen neighborhood; People's living standards have generally improved.

The overall goal of protection is to show the style of the ancient city as a whole, pay attention to cultural connotation, generally improve living conditions, and strive to activate business tourism. There are four specific methods: (1) coordinating styles and features, and repairing the old as the old.

Repair doors, windows and walls according to the same room structure format or equivalent building format; In principle, there are no anti-theft facilities along the river, and the anti-theft facilities along the street depend on the original situation, with various ways and coordinated styles; Keep doors and windows in harmony with styles, and replace incongruous cement doors and windows; There are mainly two doors and windows, and individual large areas can use three windows, and patio windows can be used as before.

Who will introduce the history of Cang Qiao Street in Shaoxing? The more detailed, the better. Shaoxing Cang Qiao Street is1.5km long. Shaoxing Cang Qiao Street consists of three parts: rivers, houses and blocks. Most of the houses are buildings in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Many platforms with local characteristics are well-preserved, with strong water town customs.

In 2003, he won the "2003 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Cultural Heritage Protection Excellence Award". There are many cultural relics and historic sites in the historical block of Zhijie, Cang Qiao, and many historical buildings are listed in different levels of cultural protection units or cultural protection points for protection. The list of some cultural relics in this area is as follows: name, year, address protection level, Qingteng Bookstore, Mahayana Lane in Ming Dynasty 10, national key cultural relics protection unit, Zhu Bao Bridge, northern end of Cang Qiao Street, Ming Dynasty, Shaoxing cultural relics protection unit, No.6 Longshan Back Street, Yaojiataimen, Shaoxing cultural relics protection point, Fengjiataimen, Cang Qiao Street in Republic of China, 13 Shaoxing. Protection points Tui 'an Temple 170, Cangjie, Shaoxing Cultural Relics Protection Ignition Temple, Longshan Back Street, Shaoxing Cultural Relics Protection Point Zhangjiatai Gate Lane, Shaoxing Cultural Relics Protection Point Qiujiatai Gate Lane, Shaoxing Cultural Relics Protection Point Bridge, and the intersection of Luxun West Road and Cangjie. From the above table, it is not difficult to see that Taimen is actually a residential building organization form with regional characteristics in Cangjie and even Shaoxing.

The so-called balcony door refers to an independent house with regular plane and courtyard combination, which is generally composed of patio, hall, side room, building, group land and so on. There are 43 platforms in Cang Qiao Zhijie area. For some platforms listed as municipal cultural protection, Shaoxing has been restored according to the original requirements to reproduce the historical and cultural heritage.

In our field investigation, we chose Fengjiataimen, located at No.1 Zhijie 1 13, Cang Qiao as a typical case to investigate. Fengjiataimen was founded in 1927, and is now a cultural relic protection unit in Shaoxing.

The platform door is a courtyard with two entrances and five bays, and there is a Shikumen along the street. The gate was covered with iron sheets and nailed with nails. From the first door to the inner courtyard, you have to go through the front hall, the middle hall and the instrument door. Stone benches are placed on both sides of the front hall. There are four second doors, two of which are equipped with bronze knockers, and the upper part of the sixth door is engraved with the words "Lu Yi". The side door is usually used by families, and the third instrument door is carved with bricks.

There are five buildings facing the street for guests and five for owners. The left and right sides are connected by a wing. There are three low rooms in the backyard, with a flower pond in the middle and a well on each side. The whole yard can be regarded as the most typical platform door in the middle section of straight street in Cang Qiao.

We learned from the office of Shaoxing historical and cultural city that Fengjiataimen has been used for more than 70 years. With the increase of residents, the plane layout and plane function of the whole building have been damaged to varying degrees, and the doors, windows and details are incomplete. Fortunately, the whole wood structure is well preserved, which is the most critical point of the traditional wood structure in China. 200 1, Shaoxing city carried out protective repairs on the platform door.

Among them, the principle of renovation is to retain the original architectural layout and original architectural style. On this basis, the roof is turned up as it is, the new tiles are made of old tiles as far as possible, the walls, floors and floors are renovated as they are, the doors, windows and details are repaired as they are, and all of them are made of old materials.

The furnishings of the hall also restore the local traditions of Shaoxing as much as possible. According to our field investigation of Fengjiatai Gate, the restoration of platform gate basically strictly follows the principle of "repairing the old as the old" in the maintenance of cultural relics. The whole platform gate courtyard has completely restored its old style, and all building components have used old materials as far as possible, and no modern hard materials have been found.

The whole platform door can't even be seen to have been repaired, which truly reflects the authenticity of history. During the Zhejiang Writers' Festival held in May 2005, writers from eight countries shuttled through Cang Qiao Street in Shaoxing and were constantly amazed by the ancient buildings and folk customs that can be seen everywhere.

Terrace doors, eaves, ancient wells ... The daily life details of Zhijie residents are talked about by foreign writers. It is said that "Shaoxing, which flows in the long river of more than 2,500 years, is a museum without walls", so "The Hero of Cangqiao" should be a masterpiece in this museum.

A few days ago, the reporter came to Cang Qiao Zhijie and had a face-to-face exchange with this masterpiece. ● The original Shaoxing Old Street on the scene is a feeling of traveling through time and space-apricot wine flags are floating in front of the door, the river is crossed by awning boats from time to time, and people are shuttling on the slate road.

Compared with the continuous flow of people in the adjacent Shaoxing City Square, Cang Qiao Zhijie always shows calmness and leisure. Cang Qiao Zhijie is located in the center of Shaoxing, with a total length of1.5km. ..

In the old house built along the river, every backyard has a small estuary, which is a typical pattern of "one river and five streets" in Shaoxing city. The street surface of Zhi Street is paved with bluestone slabs, and there are 43 platform doors, large and small, on the east and west sides.

These buildings were basically built in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, and some of them were antique new buildings. The protected straight streets in Cang Qiao are not glamorous or lively. Walking on the old street, I still see mottled old walls and platform doors.

The old neighborhoods that speak Shaoxing dialect live a quiet life here. Shaoxing's characteristic "terrace gate" is similar to the "quadrangle" in the north, and several families often live together, such as "Chenjiataimen" and "Fengjiataimen".

In the afternoon, the reporter pushed open a mottled wooden door, and the breath of life came to me. This is a clean yard, the vines of loofah climb to the eaves, and pots of flowers and plants add vitality to the old house.

Although it is dog days, it is cool in the balcony door. An aunt is sitting in the patio peeling edamame, and an uncle is sleeping soundly on the bamboo couch. Aunt let us into the house. The reporter found that, unlike the old ones outside, everything in the house was decorated like the people in the tall building.

Aunt pointed to the bathroom with ceramic tiles and said that the sanitary facilities were unified during the protection of Zhijie in Cang Qiao. "In the past, we used toilets. At 6 o'clock every morning, we have to move the toilet to the door and wait for someone to clean it. Now every family uses the toilet, which is clean and convenient, and there are fewer flies and mosquitoes. " "Look, this old house is antique, and now life has become more convenient. Many foreign tourists can envy my family to take pictures! " Another old lady enjoying the cool in the patio saw the reporter break into the terrace without being disturbed at all, but her face was full of pride.

● Protect the context from being broken at will. A few years ago, Lao.

Shaoxing has many famous mountains and rivers in Zhejiang, and Shaoxing has been famous all over the world since ancient times.

The hills are picturesque and the mountains are continuous; The plain is like embroidery, and the water network is intertwined. That mirror-clear cloud and water town is affectionate, full of words, whispering or endless. It is really "a thousand clouds and waters, I am in a thousand clouds and waters."

As early as the Jin Dynasty, Gu Kaizhi praised the beauty of Huiji's landscape with the eyes of a great painter: thousands of rocks compete for beauty, thousands of valleys compete for flow, and all plants and trees favor it. If the clouds are numerous, Xia Wei will flourish. Wang Xianzhi, a great calligrapher, also praised: "From the mountain, the mountains and rivers set each other off, which is overwhelming."

Shaoxing is a famous historical city with a long history. Although the city walls have been updated and the days have changed, the scenery remains the same. The majestic Dayu Tomb at the foot of Huiji Mountain, the majestic Yuewangtai at the foot of Longshan Mountain, the Ruoli River where Gou Jian forged a metallurgical sword, the Qinwangshan where Qin patrolled the sea, the hometown of Qiu Jin in the south of the city and the ancestral home in the city will all make tourists' feelings of staying in the mountain follow, burning from far away to modern times.

Water mirror Mount Ji, self-improvement, outstanding academic and artistic achievements, famous in the universe; Xin, a touching story through the ages, traces can be found. Wang Xizhi's other career, Zhu Jie Temple, is a fan bridge selling old ladies' book fans, the running water of repairing the wedge in Lanting, the Shen Garden pool platform where Lu You mourns "Hairpin Phoenix", Xu Wei's Qingteng Bookstore and Lu Xun's Herb Garden, which are fascinating.

What's the scenery like in Shaoxing, Zhejiang When it comes to Shaoxing, Lu Xun is the first one that pops up in my mind. From Hundred Herbs Garden to San Tan Yin Yue, from fennel in Kong Yiji to social drama in My Hometown, Lu Xun's hometown complex can be seen everywhere. Built in Xia Dynasty, this ancient cultural city with a profound history of 2,500 years, the ancient canal in eastern Zhejiang is her blood, and Huiji Mountain is her backbone. In this land, Qiu Jin, Cai Yuanpei, Zhou Enlai and other literati giants have been bred. Wupeng boats, black felt hats and dried vegetables are symbols of Shaoxing customs. Compared with other southern water towns, Shaoxing is more scholarly.

Shaoxing's rich heritage, like yellow rice wine, needs to be tasted slowly. The history of Shaoxing is quietly hidden on the bluestone road in the old street, on the stone bridge across the river, and in the door of the old platform full of life. Strolling through Shaoxing's eight historical blocks, Yuezicheng Historical Block, Shusheng Historical Block, Xixihe Historical Block, Baziqiao Historical Block, Luxun Historical Block, Shimen Historical Block, Xinhelong Historical Block and Qianhouguan Lane Historical Block, just across the riverside from the scenic spot, is the slow-paced leisure life of Shaoxing people. You will find that Shaoxing is far more than Lu Xun's hometown.

How about the beautiful scenery and customs of Shaoxing [edit this paragraph] 1. Lu Xun's hometown: Lu Xun's hometown has become a historical block with unique Jiangnan style, and it has become a real place to interpret Lu Xun's works, taste the scenery in Lu Xun's works and feel Lu Xun's life situation in that year.

On both sides of a narrow bluestone road, there are rows of white tiles, bamboo rafts, Lu Xun's ancestral home, Lu Xun's former residence, Baicao Garden, San Tan Yin Yue and Xianheng Hotel. A small river flows in front of Lu Xun's former residence, and the awning boat is swaying on the river. This situation can't help but remind people of some scenes written by Lu Xun. After careful protection and restoration, Lu Xun's hometown has become a place to interpret Lu Xun, a great modern writer in China, and a "treasure of the town hall" in Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

2. Jianhu: located in the west of Shaoxing 1. Five kilometers away.

During the Yonghe period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ma Zhen, the magistrate of Huiji County, always took the water from 36 sources in Yin Shan and Huiji counties as the lake, with a length of 127 Li and an area of about 206 square kilometers, which could irrigate more than 9,000 hectares of farmland, greatly benefiting the people of the two counties. After the middle Tang Dynasty, the lake gradually silted up.

The dike bridge on the lake is built with you and can be seen when fishing. Surrounded by distant mountains and clear as a mirror, it is a typical water town in the south of the Yangtze River. Lanting National Forest Park: 4. The hometown of stone. Kelan National Scenic Area. Wuxie Scenic Area recommends several famous memorial spots.

Shaoxing Luxun Memorial Hall is along Luxun Road. The back hill of Shaoxing is located at the east of Shaoxing12km. Gaobu Shaoxing Discharge Pond is located on Caoshan Mountain. Luoyang Cave in Shaoxing is located at the east of Shaoxing12km. Gaobu Wuxie (Shaoxing Zhuji) is located 20 kilometers northwest of Zhuji. Xishi Club (Zhuji, Shaoxing) is located half a kilometer south of Zhuji. Shaoxing profile and transportation are located at the bank of Hangzhou Bay, Zhejiang Province, at the foot of Huiji Mountain. East Lake in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, East Lake Scenic Area in Shaoxing, Ke Yan in Shaoxing, west 12km, Lanting in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Lu Xun's former residence in Shaoxing is on the side of Lu Xun Memorial Hall, Dayu Tomb in Shaoxing is 6km southeast, Huiji Mountain in Shaoxing is in Yan Dou (Zhuji, Shaoxing), and Xinchang, an important town in Zhuji, is southwest 1km. Chuanyan Jiu Feng Scenic Area (Shaoxing Xinchang) is located 22km southwest of Xinchang City. Shaoxing Shenyuan is located in Yanghe Lane, Yan 'an Road, and Shaoxing Jianhu is located in the west of Shaoxing 1.

5km Shaoxing Yangshan Stone Buddha is located in Tashan, Shaoxing, Xianheng's hometown, No.44 Luxun Road, Xianheng Hotel, Shaoxing, under the bridge of Qixian Town. Shaoxing Luxun Herb Garden is located at the southern end of Shaoxing City, behind Luxun's former residence, opposite to Santan Yingyue, and at the Luxun Memorial Hall of Shaoxing Datong School (Shaoxing), No.258 Shifu Street, Shaoxing City. The former residence of Shaoxing Cai Yuanpei is located on the west side of Phoebe Lane in Shaoxing. Marble is located in Gaobu, 0/2 km east of Shaoxing. Shaoxing Bazi Bridge is located at the eastern end of the straight street of Bazi Bridge in Shaoxing City. Shaoxing Gu Yue Library is located at No.503 Shengli West Road, Shaoxing City. Shaoxing Qingteng Bookstore is located in Qianguan Lane, Shaoxing City. Zhu Jie Temple West Street in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, Qiu Jin's former residence in Shaoxing, and Shaoxing Qiu Jin Monument in Changtang. Zhou Enlai, Shaoxing, a city scenic spot, lives at No.369, Laodong Road, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province. Shaoxing Fushan Yueguo Site is located in Fushan Park in the west of Shaoxing. Wang Yu Temple (Shaoxing), No.258 Fu Street, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, is located at the foot of Huiji Mountain, 4 kilometers southeast of Shaoxing City. Shaoxing Poetry Buddhist Temple, Shaoxing Xishishan Site (Shaoxing) There is a mound outside Wuyunmen in Shaoxing. There is a Tudunguan Temple (Shaoxing) outside Wuyunmen in Shaoxing, which is located in the Tugu Temple on Lingqiao Road in Ningbo. (Shaoxing) Shaoxing censer bee outside Jishanmen, Shaoxing The Yinshan Yuewang Mausoleum in Shaoxing is located at12km southwest of Shaoxing. Shaoxing Yufeng Pavilion is located in Nanfeng County, Shaanxi Province, ten miles west of Xinchang, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, and five kilometers west of Xinchang County. Shaoxing Fushan Scenic Area is located in the southwest of Shaoxing City. Shaoxing Mangshan Scenic Area is located in the northeast of Shaoxing City. Lanting Scenic Spot in Shaoxing is located in the southwest of Shaoxing. Shaoxing Tashan Scenic Area is located in the southwest of Shaoxing City. Shaoxing Xianfu Road is located at Baizhang Waterfall in Shaoxing at the junction of Ke Qiao Town and Hutang Town in Shaoxing County. Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province is located in Roy Township, Shengzhou City, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province.

How to Reflect the Layout Characteristics of Historical Blocks Shaoxing is the first batch of famous historical and cultural cities in the State Council, with a long history and profound cultural heritage.

According to the protection plan of Shaoxing historical and cultural city, seven historical blocks, including Baziqiao, Luxun Road, Yuezicheng, Xixihe, Jishan, Shimen and Xinhe Lane, have been designated as key protection targets. Cangqiao Street in Yuezicheng Historical Block and the hometown of scholars in Jishan Historical Block are the first representative historical blocks to be repaired and protected.

Cang Qiao Zhijie Historic District belongs to Yuezicheng Historic and Cultural Protection Zone. This area is located in the original site of Guyue City, with the famous Fushan, Huanshan River and Yuewangtai in Shaoxing.

Around the three core landscapes of "mountain, water and terraced fields", there are several alleys of traditional scale and several traditional houses with basically complete protection. Some historical sites with rich cultural heritage are dotted among them, which together form the remote and quaint landscape features of this block.

Cang Qiao Zhijie Historic District is a historic and cultural district with the features of ancient Yue city and the connotation of traditional urban human settlement culture, and has the functions of residence, commerce and tourism. Located in the center line of the plot, it starts from Shengli Road in the north and ends at Luxun West Road in the south, with a total length of 1.5 km. From north to south, Cang Qiao, Zhu Bao Bridge, pontoon bridge, Shimen Bridge, Jiuwu Bridge, etc. Traditional folk houses in water towns are a typical model of Shaoxing's "river without street". Most of the houses were built in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and the layout was relatively complete and unified, including 4 3 platforms, which reflected the architectural characteristics and historical features of this area. On the east and west sides separated from the residential buildings, there are traditional streets and lanes, such as Cang Qiao Street, Longshan Back Street, Xuanhua Square and Zuo Yi Square, with widths ranging from 2 meters to 3 meters, paved with bluestone slabs.

Cang Qiao Zhijie Historic District covers an area of 6. 4 hectares, with a construction area of more than 50,000 square meters, with 858 households.

The historic district of Scholar's hometown is located in the northern part of Shaoxing city, at the southern foot of Jishan Mountain, to the former residence of Cai Yuanpei in the west, to Jiefang North Road, to Zhongxing Road in the east and to Xiaoshan Street in the south. This block is famous for Zhu Jie Temple, Fanqiao and Phoebe Lane related to the sage Wang Xizhi. From the Song Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties and then to the Republic of China, there are a large number of traditional houses in different historical periods, which contain a lot of precious historical relics and historical allusions.

The main roads in the historical block of scholar's hometown are Xiaoshan Street, Jishan Street and West Street, and the bridges are Fanqiao, Tanhua Bridge, Xieqiao, Song Mei Bridge and Xiangqiao. The building layout is Houhe River in Qian Jie, with corridors and piers, which reflects people's dependence on water. Individual streets and lanes are like pens, which embodies the characteristics of Shaoxing narrow alleys. The historical block of the scholar's hometown that has been repaired and protected is 1.

The residential area covers an area of 52,398 square meters, with a building area of 44,097.5 square meters and 4 5 3 households. Second, the main problems existing in historical blocks: Zhijie and Scholar's hometown in Cang Qiao are two historical blocks that have been repaired and protected in advance. Prior to this, the main problems in these two blocks were: (1) poor quality of some buildings, poor living environment of residents, and high density of houses and buildings.

After liberation, the townhouses and quadrangles in the block became public and owned by the housing management office. A large number of foreign residents moved in, and the permanent population surged. Housing management office lacks necessary maintenance funds; The old house has been in disrepair for a long time, and residents have divided and rebuilt the original building in order to strive for the usable area; And temporary houses were built in the patio, which seriously damaged the original pattern and style of the building; Due to the lack of protection awareness of historical and cultural cities and historical blocks, the color and volume of new buildings are not in harmony with the style of historical blocks.

(2) There is a serious shortage of public facilities and a lack of systematic and perfect sewer pipes. Many existing sewers are built by residents themselves, and the drainage system basically uses the natural seepage inside the patio, which often leads to insufficient water supply and poor drainage; Kitchen and bathroom facilities are seriously inadequate, and most people still use coal stoves, brush toilets and wash and cook in the patio.

(3) The sanitary condition of Taimen compound is poor. The serious shortage of public facilities makes the interior sanitary conditions of Taimen compound poor, dark and humid; High population density makes residents have poor ventilation and lighting; Residents living by the river dumped sewage and garbage, and there were many cement poles in the street, and the wires were pulled and connected in disorder. The color of the storefront along the street is chaotic, and the signboard advertisement is mediocre, which destroys the original traditional street view.

What are the important cultural relics in Shaoxing? Shaoxing is a scenic spot where Yu Xia, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, allied with princes, and also the capital of ancient Yue State.

Here, with beautiful scenery, splendid culture, outstanding people and splendid treasures, it is known as the "hometown of beautiful scenery", "hometown of historical relics" and "land of outstanding people and outstanding people". It is a civilized ancient city with a cultural accumulation of more than 4,000 years and a history of nearly 2,500 years. It is known as a museum without walls. Shaoxing became one of the first 24 historical and cultural cities in the State Council on 1982 with its cultural relics, traditional streets, folk culture and rich ancient capital flavor.

The natural conditions of talents and rich cultural landscape complement each other, and celebrities come forth in large numbers, which constitutes the characteristics of Shaoxing cultural gathering. In an area of 79,065,438+0 square kilometers, there are more than 3,600 cultural relics, which still preserve rich historical and cultural relics such as the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period, the Han Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, the Five Dynasties, the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty.

Among them, there are 192 sites that have been announced as key cultural relics protection units by * * at all levels over the years, including 4 national sites (Qianfu Road, Lu Xun's former residence, Qiu Jin's former residence and Dayu Tomb), 46 provincial sites and 42 city (county) sites 142. In addition, the local collection of cultural relics can not be underestimated, with only 65,000 pieces of first-class products among more than 35,000 pieces. 2. What is the present situation of these cultural relics? Among the existing 103 historical and cultural cities in China, some historical and cultural cities have also been artificially destroyed because the relationship between protection and development has not been properly handled.

Generally speaking, China's famous historical and cultural cities are facing nine major contradictions. The first contradiction is the contradiction between the protection of famous cities and the development of cities.

Due to the cognitive deviation between historical and cultural values and urban development values, cases of tearing down old cities and building new ones have appeared frequently. The second contradiction is the contradiction between the road structure of the ancient city and the contemporary traffic demand.

The roads of historical and cultural cities are generally very narrow and short, but the contemporary traffic requires fast and smooth. In order to widen the road, some ancient cities destroyed the pattern of ancient cities.

The third contradiction is the contradiction between the backwardness of ancient dwellings and the needs of modern life. The housing facilities in historical and cultural cities can't meet the contemporary people's pursuit of comfortable life. In order to improve the living conditions of citizens, some famous historical and cultural cities regard "old city reconstruction" as their political achievements, and the pattern of ancient cities will be destroyed.

The fourth contradiction is the contradiction between the financial guarantee for the protection of famous cities and the funds for urban management and development. The existing "cultural relics protection fund" can only be used for the rescue protection of discovered cultural relics, while the large amount of funds needed for the protection of historical and cultural cities lacks financial guarantee, and financial funds often support visible "affordable" urban management and development projects.

The fifth contradiction is the cultural and commercial contradiction in the process of rational utilization of cultural relics in famous cities. In order to develop tourism, some famous historical and cultural cities have been overexploited and overused.

The sixth contradiction is the policy inequality between the old city and the new city. In order to protect the ancient city, some historical and cultural cities have opened up new cities outside the old city.

However, in terms of policy making and management power, it tends to tilt towards the new city. The seventh contradiction is the integrity of ancient city protection and the contradiction of point, line and area protection.

Many historical and cultural cities often focus on the protection of "cultural relics protection units", but lack effective measures for the overall protection of historical and cultural cities, making the cultural relics of ancient cities "isolated islands" in modern cities. The eighth contradiction, the contradiction between destruction and recovery.

In the process of urbanization and industrialization, many famous historical and cultural cities have been destroyed to varying degrees. With the appeal of people of insight and the acceleration of the process of legalization, the protection of historical and cultural cities and the restoration of historical and cultural blocks began to be included in the work schedule of * *.

However, compared with the speed and intensity of damage in previous years, it is obviously difficult to match protection and restoration. The ninth contradiction is the contradiction of management system.

In the process of protection and rational utilization of historical and cultural cities, there are diversity and resistance in management. The departments related to the protection and utilization of scenic spots and historical sites include construction, cultural relics, tourism, gardens, culture, urban management and industrial and commercial management. Some give priority to protection, while others give priority to utilization. Policy opposition caused by institutional incompatibility is also common. The key to these contradictions in historical and cultural cities is the lack of a correct view of political achievements.

Starting from 1982, there are 103 cities in China that have become national historical and cultural cities. In the process of accelerating urbanization and industrialization, decision makers in some famous historical and cultural cities regard "old city reconstruction" as a political achievement. Driven by the idea of quick success and instant benefit, historical and cultural cities suffered what they thought was destruction.

In the celebration of "the ancient city has grown taller", high-rise buildings have replaced traditional blocks and modern buildings have replaced ancient houses. Originally a historic city with a whole forest, only a handful of cultural relics have been cut down, and cultural relics have become "islands" in modern cities. What's more, some leaders regard Huang Zhong as a clay pot, tearing down real antiques and building fake antiques in historical and cultural cities, and their historical context is blocked.

The Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee pointed out: adhere to the people-oriented principle and establish a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development concept. This principle is of great significance to the protection of historical and cultural cities.

After mankind entered 2 1 century, culture has become the soul of the city. The more developed China's social economy is, the more profound China's 7,000-year cultural connotation will be.

Urban construction must take into account the protection of historical and cultural cities, and improving people's living conditions cannot be at the expense of destroying historical sites. A famous historical and cultural city is the carrier of inheriting Chinese civilization. Protecting this carrier is the best achievement of a famous historical and cultural city.

As far as Shaoxing is concerned, the rich culture nurtured by this ancient city is the greatest feature and wealth of contemporary Shaoxing, and it is also the source of power and important support for Shaoxing's development. The more modern a city is, the more it depends on the support of culture.

Protecting historical and cultural heritage means protecting development force and promoting sustainable development. Shaoxing has achieved "six persistences" in dealing with the relationship between the protection and rational utilization of historical and cultural cities: adhering to scientific planning, formulating the protection plan of Shaoxing's historical and cultural cities, and under the guidance of planning, carrying out various work such as the protection of ancient city pattern, the renovation of rivers and lakes, the restoration of cultural relics and historical blocks, so as to make the protection of ancient cities on a healthy, standardized and effective track; Adhere to protection and invest 400 million yuan in eight national projects.