"There are four hundred and eighty temples in the Southern Dynasties, and many towers are in the mist and rain." What is the whole poem?

"There are four hundred and eighty temples in the Southern Dynasties, and there are many towers in the mist and rain." The full poem is as follows:

Jiangnan Spring·Thousands of miles of orioles singing green and reflecting red

Author Du Mu ?Dynasty of Tang Dynasty

Thousands of miles away, the oriole crows and the green reflects the red, and the water village, mountain and Guo wine flag winds.

There are four hundred and eighty temples in the Southern Dynasties, and many towers are in the mist.

"Jiangnan Spring: A Thousand Miles of Orioles Cry Green and Red" is a landscape poem written by Du Mu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty. It is a seven-character quatrain describing the scenery of Jiangnan. In this poem, Du Mu not only depicts the bright spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, but also reproduces the misty and rainy terrace scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, making the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River more magical and confusing, and has a special interest.

Notes

1. Guo: A kind of exterior wall built outside the city in ancient times. Wine flag: wine curtain, a sign hung high outside the hotel.

2. Shanguo: the city wall backed by the mountain.

3. Southern Dynasties: After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the four dynasties of Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen that established their capital in Jiankang (now Nanjing) were collectively called the Southern Dynasties. The rulers at that time were fond of Buddhism and built a large number of temples.

4. Four hundred and eighty temples: The emperors and big bureaucrats of the Southern Dynasties loved Buddhism and built large Buddhist temples in the capital (now Nanjing City). According to "Southern History·Xunli·Guo Zushen Biography": "There are more than 500 Buddhist temples under the capital." The four hundred and eighty temples mentioned here are approximate figures.

5. Tower: refers to the temple.

Translation

Thousands of miles south of the Yangtze River, there are singing orioles and dancing birds everywhere, pink willows and red willows, a scene full of spring. In the villages near the water and the city walls on the mountains, there are wine flags fluttering in the wind everywhere. . There are temples filled with incense and pavilions standing in the hazy mist and rain.

Appreciation

This song "Jiangnan Spring" has been famous for thousands of years. The four-line poem not only describes the richness and variety of the spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, but also describes its vastness, depth and confusion. "Thousands of miles of orioles are singing, green is reflected in red, and water villages and mountains are drinking wine." At the beginning of the poem, it is like a fast-moving movie camera, passing over the southern land: in the vast thousands of miles south of the Yangtze River, orioles are singing happily, and clusters of green trees are reflected in the sky. Red flowers; villages near the water, city walls nestled against the mountains, and wine flags fluttering in the wind are all in sight. The reason for the swaying, in addition to the magnificence of the scenery, is probably also because this magnificence is different from a certain garden scenic spot, which is only limited to a corner, but because this magnificence is spread over a large piece of land. Therefore, if there is no word "Qianli" at the beginning, these two sentences will be inferior.

However, Yang Shen of the Ming Dynasty said in "Sheng'an Poetry": "Who can hear the oriole's cry for thousands of miles? Who can see the green and red for thousands of miles? If it is ten miles away, the oriole will sing green and red. The scenery, the village walls, the terraces, the monks' temples, and the wine flags are all included." Regarding this opinion, He Wenhuan once refuted this opinion in "Research on the Poems of the Past Dynasties": "Even if it is ten miles long, it may not be possible to hear and see everything. It can be seen. The title of "Jiangnan Spring" says that the south of the Yangtze River is thousands of miles away, and the orioles are singing and the green is reflected in the thousands of miles. There are no wine flags in the water villages and mountains, and most of the 480 temples and towers are in the mist and rain. Since the meaning is so broad, it cannot be specific to one place, so it is generally called "Jiangnan Spring"..." He Wenhuan's statement is correct. This is due to the need for a typical summary of literature and art. The same principle applies to the last two sentences.

About the author

Du Mu (803-854), courtesy name Muzhi and Fanchuan, was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province) and is a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. Born into a family of bureaucratic landlords for generations. At the age of twenty-six, he became a Jinshi and became the school secretary of Hongwen Hall. Later, in addition to working as a local staff member for ten years, he also served as governor in Huang, Chi, Mu, Hu and other prefectures. He also served in the central government as supervisory censor, food department, ratio department, and functionary wailang. A native of Shushe, he is the author of "Collected Works of Fan Chuan".