Summer Palace and Great Wall guide words {in the language of primary school students} 300 words

The Summer Palace tour guide's words:

Hello, fellow tourists, I am your tour guide - Tour Guide ××, and today I will explain to you the scenic spots of the Summer Palace.

Please follow me. Now, the one I'm pointing at is the famous promenade. This corridor is not ordinary. It is more than 700 meters long and divided into 273 rooms. As you can see, there are many colorful pictures on the horizontal sill of each room. They are painted in various forms, including figures, flowers, plants, and landscapes. No two of the thousands of paintings are the same. No wonder it is called "the world's first corridor".

Look ahead, everyone, this is the rippling blue waves of Kunming Lake. This lake is as quiet as a mirror. Cruise ships often pass by here, and everyone can hear the joyful singing and laughter of people on board.

On top of Kunming Lake is the famous Wanshou Mountain. Standing here, we can see the entire scenery of the Summer Palace. Standing here and looking at it, the entire Summer Palace is really spectacular. The lush trees cover the yellow and green glazed tile roofs and the vermilion palace walls.

An octagonal pagoda-shaped three-story building stands on the mountainside with shining yellow glazed tiles. This is the antique Buddhist Incense Pavilion.

Come and follow me to see this beautiful stone bridge! This stone bridge has 17 bridge holes and is called the Seventeen-hole Bridge. There are hundreds of stone pillars on the bridge railings, and the pillars are carved with vivid little lions in different postures.

This classical garden built for emperors in history has now become one of the most famous tourist attractions in China, receiving millions of tourists every year. In 1986, the Summer Palace was listed as a World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.

Everyone must be excited after listening to my introduction! Then go to the Summer Palace and see it for yourself!

Great Wall: Badaling is located 60 kilometers northwest of Beijing, with 116°65’ east longitude and 40°25’ north latitude. It is a mountain pass in the mountainous Jundu Mountains. "Chang'an Hakka" of the Ming Dynasty said, "The road divides from here and extends in all directions, so it is called Badaling. It is the highest in Guanshan Mountain."

The name Badaling was first seen in the long poems "Arrived at the foot of Badaling at night, and then up at dawn" and "Out of Badaling" by Liu Ying, a poet of the Jin Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was called "Beikou", which is relative to South Port. The south entrance is in Changping County, the northern suburbs of Beijing. From the south entrance to the north entrance, there is a 40-mile-long canyon in the middle. In the canyon is the famous "Juyong Pass" of the Great Wall, so this canyon is named "Guangou". Badaling is located at the highest point at the northern end of Guangou. Here, two peaks confront each other, one opens in the middle, and the situation is extremely dangerous. Looking down at Juyongguan from Badaling, it's like building a bridge or peering into a well. "The ancients were in danger of mediocrity, not in Guancheng, but in Badaling." The special terrain of Badaling Pass has become a battleground for military strategists of all ages and has always been heavily guarded. Badaling became a strategic military location, which can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. According to the records of "Historical Records" and the census of cultural relics workers in recent years, it is proved that the Great Wall was built in the Badaling area during the Warring States Period, and the remains of the walls and piers are still seen today. Its direction is generally consistent with the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty. Han Dynasty records: a military capital was once established , Juyong two Guancheng. The "Shui Jing Zhu" of the Northern Wei Dynasty said: "Juyong Pass is located in the Juyong boundary, so the pass is named. In the south, there is a valley. The stone is the site of the pass. It is difficult to build a steep wall... Its water flows through the south of the mountain and leads to the military capital. "Jie..." Therefore, some experts believe that the Han Dynasty established the Juyong Pass, and the pass was located in Badaling. Where does the name "Juyong" come from? It was Qin Shihuang who built the Great Wall and moved a group of poor farmers and prisoners from the south to settle in the small basin of Guichuan River in Jundu Mountain, which was called the residence of mediocre people. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Guichuan was placed in Juyong County (modelled after Yanqing). The topography and mountain water flow of the pass site recorded in "Shui Jing Zhu" are the same as the geographical environment of Badaling.

Fifteen hundred years ago, the Northern Wei Dynasty built the Great Wall in the Badaling area. According to the "Book of Wei Shu Shizu" records, in the seventh year (446) of Taiping Zhenjun of the Tuoba family in the Northern Wei Dynasty, a Great Wall was built north of the capital Pingcheng (today's Datong), called "Jishang Fortress", starting from Shanggu Military Capital in the east Mountain (i.e. Badaling area), west to the bank of the Yellow River. Later, in the sixth year of Tianbao in the Northern Qi Dynasty (555), the Great Wall was built again, starting from Datong in the west, passing through the military capital Shandong, and extending the Great Wall to the seaside.

The Badaling Great Wall was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty.

Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang was well aware of the military importance of city walls. After becoming emperor, he "built high walls" to prepare for war. At that time, prefectures and counties in various states also built cities one after another.

Zhu Yuanzhang sent generals Xu Da and Feng Sheng to lead troops to build fortresses and fortresses in the north, build the Great Wall, and step up military training and farming to prevent the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty from invading the south.

In 1403, the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Ming Chengzu Zhu Di, came to the throne. In 1420, he moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing. Zhu Di was determined to unify China and went on five personal expeditions. His army penetrated deeply into the Mongolian Plateau and reached as far as the Onen River in what is now the Soviet Union. (After 1488), the massive and comprehensive construction project of the Great Wall began. After a long period of 270 years, 18 large-scale construction projects were completed and a high wall was finally built, starting from the Yalu River in Liaoning Province in the east and ending in Bulungi west of Jiayuguan in Gansu Province. This is what we usually call The Great Wall of China can still be seen today. The Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty is more than 14,600 miles long and passes through seven provinces, cities and autonomous regions in northern my country. Regardless of the level of engineering technology and the tightness of the fortification, it is unmatched by the previous Great Wall. In this sense, it can be said that the Great Wall we see today was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, connected during the Qin Shihuang Period, and completed during the Ming Dynasty.

The Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty was no longer a single high wall, but was built into a deep defense system with "layers of defense". Multiple walls and passes were also built in key areas. Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei and other places have all built double tracks on the Great Wall. Shanxi has built four double tracks on the Great Wall. In important transportation and military locations, multiple gates and shorter walls were built. For example, in the Shili Valley of Yanmen Pass, there were 28 stone walls.

Badaling is the witness of many major events in history. After the first emperor Qin Shihuang came east to Jieshi, he took the road from Badaling to Datong and then drove back to Xianyang. Empress Dowager Xiao visited the country, Taizu of the Yuan Dynasty entered the customs, the emperors of the Yuan Dynasty traveled between Beijing and Shangdu twice a year, and the emperors of the Ming Dynasty went on the Northern Expedition. The emperor of the Qing Dynasty personally conquered... Badaling was a must-go place. There are countless poems and essays about Badaling written by royal family members, nobles and literati of all dynasties. The earliest poet to leave poems was Gao Shi of the Tang Dynasty. In his poem, he wrote: "The steep slopes are connected by water, and the mountains are filled with clouds. ". As for the years of ethnic strife and fierce fighting, there were scenes of magnificent historical dramas staged on Badaling. Nowadays, the sufferings of old China, the two thousand years of historical feuds between princes, and the changes of dynasties have all become a distant past. With one hundred thousand miles of Great Wall and fifty years of culture, the times have given the Badaling Great Wall a new mission. It is like a precious historical monument, standing on the top of the mountains, shining with the brilliance of the Chinese nation's civilization and wisdom, and also showing the great character and spirit of the Chinese nation's perseverance and perseverance. It has become a bond of friendship connecting people of all ethnic groups in our country, overseas Chinese, and international friends. It is a precious cultural heritage of mankind.

After the founding of New China, in 1952, Comrade Guo Moruo, who served as Vice Premier of the State Council and Director of the Culture and Education Commission, proposed repairing the Badaling Great Wall to receive domestic and foreign tourists.

Since the Qing Dynasty, the Badaling Great Wall has been increasingly abandoned. More than half of the "North Gate Lock Key" platform in the west of Guancheng was destroyed; the "Juyongwai Town" city pier in the east was crumbling; the wall body, space walls, crenels, wall platforms, watchtowers, etc. of the Great Wall were all in ruins. . After the State Council made the decision to repair it, the relevant departments took immediate action and have since carried out many repairs.

In 1961, the State Council designated the Badaling Fortress and City Wall as a national key cultural relic protection unit. In 1984, under the initiative of Comrade Deng Xiaoping to "Love China, Build the Great Wall", the ancient Xiongguan Pass was given a new look, and 19 watchtowers were restored. The total length of the city wall was 3,741 meters, bringing the total tourist area to 19,000 square meters. In 1986, Badaling was rated as one of the sixteen scenic spots in New Beijing. In 1987, the United Nations accepted the Great Wall as a "World Cultural Heritage". In August 1991, Badaling, as the essence of the Great Wall, received the Human Cultural Heritage Certificate from UNESCO at the Palace Museum in Beijing. In December 1991, at the naming conference for the selection of China's top 40 tourist attractions held in Zhuhai (94 candidate attractions nationwide, 480,000 valid votes were collected), Badaling was famous for its attractions and received an absolute majority of 370,000 votes. , becoming the first among the top 40 tourist attractions in China.

The Badaling Great Wall is famous both at home and abroad, and is famous all over the world. It is the earliest section of the Great Wall open to tourists. "If you don't visit the Great Wall, you are not a true man." so far.

Badaling has received 130 million Chinese and foreign tourists. 372 foreign leaders including Nixon, Reagan, Thatcher, Gorbachev, Elizabeth, Heath and many world figures have visited Badaling for sightseeing. This situation is rare among the world's scenic spots. The Badaling Great Wall leaves a deep impression and endless aftertaste on visitors.

The Badaling Great Wall, as the essence of the Great Wall, is welcoming tourists from all over the world with its ancient and young majesty. Anyone who has climbed the Great Wall is amazed.

The Badaling Great Wall, with a total length of more than 12,000 miles, is one of the oldest great buildings in the world. It has a long history and is recognized as one of the "wonders" in the history of human civilization. It is the only building on Earth that can be seen from the moon.

The Great Wall is a symbol of ancient Chinese culture and the pride of the Chinese nation. Its vast project and majestic spirit embody the creative spirit of our ancestors.

Badaling is the outpost of Juyongguan, an important pass of the Great Wall. Juyong Pass, Shanhaiguan Pass and Jiayuguan Pass are both important city wall passes along the Great Wall and are listed as key national cultural relics protection units.

When visiting the Great Wall from Beijing, people’s favorite is Badaling. At present, you can take a tourist train or car to go there, and travel about 70 kilometers northwest to reach Juyongguan. Guancheng stands to the north of the south entrance, with mountains on both sides sandwiching a 15-kilometer-long valley called Guangou. On the overlapping hills, there are lush trees and beautiful flowers and plants, just like green waves, and the scenery is beautiful. As early as more than 800 years ago, this place was known as "Juyong Pinnacle" and was listed as one of the eight scenic spots in Yanjing.

When you arrive at Juyongguan, you will be attracted by a peculiar building, which is the "Yuntai". This building is entirely made of white stone. It is said that there was an exquisite temple on top of it in the past, and the "Yuntai" was the base of this temple. Today, only a few pillar foundations remain in the temple. Under the "Yuntai" is a large circle gate that can pass through for carriages and horses. What is different from ordinary door openings is that the four heavenly kings and thousands of other lifelike Buddha statues are carved on the cave wall. The circle gate is carved with various Animals and flowers. According to archaeologists, such complete and exquisite Yuan Dynasty stone carvings are rare. What is even rarer is the Dharani sutra and mantras in multiple languages ??engraved on the inner wall of the circle cave. Therefore, this "Cloud Terrace" has important value in the history of architecture, sculpture art, or in the study of language and characters.

Speaking of which, it’s time to talk about the scenery at the height of the Great Wall at Badaling. At this time, you can see the undulating mountains and the so-called majestic and powerful northern mountains. The Great Wall is just like a swimming dragon. It crawls wherever it is steep. For thousands of years, it has stood firm in the ice and snow regardless of wind and rain. This is the embodiment of the tenacity of the Chinese nation.

On the Great Wall, you can clearly see the structure of the Great Wall. It was always very dangerous on the outside, and in some places it faced cliffs. Under the military conditions at that time, it was almost impossible to climb the steep mountain to the bottom of the city, and then attack from the top without any support and hope to break through the city and win. Impossible. There is a stone staircase door opening on the inside of the city, which is very convenient to go up and down. There are battlements outside the city wall and a wall inside. At the same time, there are "wall towers" and "watch towers" at a certain distance or in dangerous places. The "wall platform" is a place where defensive soldiers rest, and the "enemy tower" is where you can watch and shoot, and you can also use smoke or beacon fire to alert the police. There are still traces of these to be found

Thousands of miles of winding around The Great Wall of China has been known to the world for its incomparable majesty. Today, under the call of "Love China, Build the Great Wall", many places have been renovated and become more majestic, becoming the first place of interest in our country. It attracts thousands of tourists at home and abroad, who take a look at the Great Wall as a lifetime pleasure. Anyone who has been to the Great Wall is amazed.

The Great Wall, which soars like a giant dragon over the mountains and Gobi deserts, is composed of city gates, city walls, enemy towers, beacon towers, etc. It is a military defense engineering system for various regions and ethnic ruling groups in ancient my country. It was built repeatedly by people of all ethnic groups over two to three thousand years. It embodies the great power and strong will of the Chinese nation and has become a glorious treasure in ancient Chinese civilization. During countless struggles and long-term exchanges between the people of all ethnic groups inside and outside the Great Wall, many touching and evocative stories have occurred, attracting literati of all ages to write poems and paintings about them. Many beautiful and moving chapters and pictures have been added to the treasure house of literature and art in our country.

As far back as the 11th century BC, there are records of "Shuofang beyond the city" in the Western Zhou Dynasty of my country. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period from the 7th to 3rd century BC, various vassal states annexed each other, creating a situation where heroes stood side by side and were constantly fighting. They successively built Great Walls on their borders to defend themselves. For example, Chu took the lead in building hundreds of square kilometers in the Nanyang area; Qi built the Great Wall from Pingyin to Langyatai on the East China Sea in Shandong, and built embankments along the old path of the Yellow River as a city; Zhongshan, Wei, Han, Yan, Zhao, Qin and other countries , each built the Great Wall for hundreds to thousands of miles. At that time, the length of the Great Wall was tens of thousands of miles long, but it was just scattered and independent.

In 221 BC, after Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he demolished the Great Wall between the countries. On the other hand, in order to defend against the Xiongnu in the north, he mobilized millions of soldiers and civilians and ordered General Meng Tian to supervise the construction of the Great Wall. , starting from the Tao River in the west along the Yellow River to the east, and then following the original direction of the Qin, Zhao and Yan Great Walls all the way to Liaodong, stretching for more than ten thousand miles, becoming the earliest Great Wall in my country.

During the Western Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu tribe in the north became more powerful and invaded the south frequently. In addition to adopting measures such as communication, reconciliation, and attack, the Han Dynasty also began to build the Great Wall on a large scale to solidify the border. In addition to repairing the Qin Great Wall, the Hexi, Yumenguan, Juyanze and other Great Walls were built in the west. Starting from Yanmen in the north, Wuyuan Yinshan Mountain, and following the Great Wall of Yan and Qin in the east, from Liaodong to Yumen Pass in the west, it is more than 20,000 miles long. The parallel pavilions extend from Loulan in the west to Luqu (in the northeastern part of Ulaanbaatar) in the north, and their scale far exceeds that of the Qin Dynasty. In the early Eastern Han Dynasty, we defended the Xianbei in the north and the Qiangrong in the west. We also built barriers and docks within the Great Wall of the Western Han Dynasty, with a total length of more than 10,000 miles. During the Han Dynasty, the Great Wall built one in the north and one in the south was the largest in history.

After that, various ethnic groups from the north gradually entered North China, Guanzhong, and even the Central Plains, establishing the Northern Dynasties regime, forming a confrontation between the Northern and Southern Dynasties. The Northern Wei Dynasty, Eastern Wei Dynasty, Northern Qi Dynasty, and Northern Zhou Dynasty successively built multiple Great Walls from the north of the Yellow River Tao east to the western Liaoning area, crisscrossing each other, with a total length of tens of thousands of miles. After the Sui Dynasty unified the country, the Great Wall was built in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River from Yunzhong to Longxi via Wuyuan, Yulin, Ningxia and Longxi. It formed another system with the Great Wall of the Northern Dynasties in the east.

The country was strong in the Tang Dynasty, and all the tribes north and west of the Great Wall surrendered to Tonghao. Therefore, the Great Wall was not built. Only three "surrender cities" were built in Yinshan Mountain, four hundred miles apart from the east and west, and connected together. Use the city as a barrier; rebuild the ancient city of Guazhou in western Gansu. At this time, in order to defend against the Tang Dynasty, Goryeo in the east built the Great Wall for more than 2,000 miles in Northeast my country from Fuyu, Kaiyuan, and Xinbin to the mouth of the Datong River in North Korea.

During the Zhu, Liao and Jin dynasties, all the sixteen prefectures of Yanyun in North China belonged to the Khitan, Hexi already belonged to the Xixia, and in the Northern Song Dynasty only the Yanmen Danger was repaired. After that, the Liao and Jin Dynasties became stronger and stronger one after another, and penetrated deep into Huaihan and even Jiangbei, resulting in a peaceful situation in the Southern Song Dynasty, and they were no longer able to build the Great Wall. However, due to the struggles and conflicts between the Liao and Jin regimes in the north and the Mongols and other ethnic groups, they built the Haoqian Great Wall in what is now Inner Mongolia and other places in the northeast, with a total length of tens of thousands of miles. It was called the Mingchang Great Wall and commonly known as the Genghis Khan Border Wall.

After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the restoration of the Yuan Dynasty and harassment by the Dadan, Wasi, Jurchen, Tubo and other ethnic groups, the Great Wall was continuously built in the north. In order to fight against foreign invasion, sporadically built Great Walls were also built in important places along the southeast coast. Some Great Walls. The number of Great Walls in the Ming Dynasty is the largest in history. The main Great Wall stretches from Jiulian City on the Yalu River to Jiayuguan in Gansu Province, with a total length of more than 15,000 miles. Between Beijing and Shanxi Pianguan, it is divided into two Great Walls, the north and the south. In many sections of the Great Wall, in addition to the main wall, there are two, three, outer, inner, and side walls. For example, outside Yanmen Pass, there are three large stone walls and twenty-three small stone walls. Among them, the 12,700-mile main Great Wall from Shanhaiguan to Jiayuguan is relatively well preserved, especially the Great Wall from Shanhaiguan to Beijing, which was rebuilt under the supervision of Qi Jiguang, is the most spectacular.

In the early Qing Dynasty, the famous Shengjing Border Wall was built between Liaoning and Jilin. The total length of the old and new border walls was more than 2,600 miles. The ancient Great Wall has also been partially repaired, including Shanhai, Juyong, Yanmen, Jiayu and other passes, as well as certain sections of the Great Wall. It was not repaired after the mid-term period.

After a long period of time and man-made destruction, many ancient Great Walls have become very fragmented. Even the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty suffered a lot of damage. However, the Chinese dragon, which is more than 100,000 miles long, is still the most gigantic and spectacular project in ancient times. Moreover, in different times, different locations, and due to danger and obstruction, it presents a variety of wonderful and unique landscapes, which reflects the artistic talent of architecture. After long-term exchanges, the people of all ethnic groups in my country inside and outside the Great Wall have finally broken through the artificial barriers of division and have condensed into a unified, harmonious and friendly Chinese nation family.

As a symbol of the great ancient civilization of China, the Great Wall is not only a source of pride for our nation but also aspirational for people around the world. It will make a significant contribution to enhancing friendship among people of all countries.