The administrative district of Mumbai

The city is managed by the Greater Mumbai Municipal Authority (BMC), and the executive power belongs to municipal officials and is appointed by the Maharashtra government. Municipal organizations include 227 directly elected members, 5 recommended members and an honorary mayor from 24 administrative districts. The municipal authorities manage many matters related to the needs of citizens in metropolitan areas. A deputy mayor supervises the districts. Almost all political parties in Maharashtra participated in the city's elections.

The metropolitan area includes two counties in Maharashtra (downtown Mumbai and suburban Mumbai). Every county has a county tax collector, who manages the property and taxes of the federal government and is responsible for supervising the elections held in the city.

Mumbai police station is commanded by a security supervisor, and is divided into seven police districts and 17 traffic police district, each of which is led by a deputy security supervisor. The traffic police are subordinate to the Mumbai Police Department and semi-autonomous in management.

Mumbai is the seat of the Mumbai High Court, which has jurisdiction over Maharashtra, Goa, Dammam, Wu Di and Dadela-nagar Havili.

The city has 6 seats in the Indian Parliament and 34 seats in Maharashtra Parliament. Due to the lack of car parking spaces, traffic jams and generally poor road conditions (especially in rainy season), most Mumbai residents rely on public transport to commute. The city is the headquarters of two railway companies-Central Railway Company, which is headquartered at Jatrapati Shivaji Terminal (formerly Victoria Terminal, one of the busiest railway stations in India); There is also the western railway company headquartered near the church gate. Mumbai suburban railway, the backbone of urban traffic, was first built in March 1853. It is the first railway built by the British in India and the oldest railway in Asia. This railway system consists of three independent networks, which run through the whole city from north to south. It is built according to the geographical distribution of the population and the location of the business district, and constitutes the main mode of mass transportation in Mumbai. Mumbai's suburban railway is famous for its high utilization rate and passenger density. The Western Railway Company operates in the western part of the city, while the Central Railway Company covers the central and northeastern parts of the capital circle. The lines all extend to the outer suburbs, with a total length of about 125km. Harbour Line is a suburban line of the Central Railway Company, with a total length of 54 kilometers, along the southeast direction of the city, close to the pier and extending to New Mumbai. Mumbai has convenient links with most parts of India through the Indian Railway.

Buses are operated by the municipal Mumbai Power Supply and Transportation Company (BEST), covering almost the entire metropolitan area, as well as parts of New Mumbai and Tana. Buses are used for short-distance transportation, while trains are more economical for long-distance transportation. The best motorcade consists of single-decker buses, double-decker buses and air-conditioned cars.

Black and yellow taxis can carry four passengers with luggage, covering most metropolitan areas. Automatic rickshaws are only allowed to drive in the suburbs, which is the main mode of transportation there. These three-wheeled cars can accommodate three passengers.

Jatrapati Shivaji International Airport in Mumbai is the busiest airport in India, operating cargo and international flights, while Santa Cruz Airport operates domestic flights. The nearby Zhuhu Airport is the first airport in India, serving as a flight club and heliport.

Due to its unique terrain, Mumbai has one of the best natural ports in the world, which undertakes 50% of the country's passenger traffic and a large share of freight. It is also an important base for the Indian navy. From the ferry terminal, you can take a cheap ferry to the islands and beaches in this area. The city's drinking water is supplied by the government, and most of it comes from tours Lake and Vihar Lake, as well as several lakes in the north. Bandupu has the largest water treatment plant in Asia. The government is also responsible for road maintenance and garbage collection throughout the city. Almost all the daily garbage (7,800 metric tons) in Mumbai is transported to Goree in the northwest, Mulunde in the northeast and Deona in the east. Sewage treatment in Wali and Bandera.

The power supply in the urban area is provided by the public Mumbai Power Supply and Transportation Company (BEST), while in the suburbs it is provided by Rainles, Tata Group and Maharashtra Power Supply Co., Ltd. ... Most of the power in this city comes from hydropower and nuclear energy. The largest telephone service provider is Bangli Mahanaga Telephone Co., Ltd. (MTNL), which monopolized fixed and mobile telephone services before 2000. Mobile phones have a wide coverage, and the main service providers are Orange, airport hotel, BPL Group, Ryanair Telecom and Tata Telecom. Both GSM and CDMA services can be used in this city. The broadband network in this city is developing, and MTNL and Tata Group are the main service providers. Many residents in Mumbai choose to live near the railway station to facilitate their journey to work, because they spend a lot of time on the road every day. So many people live in a fast pace and have little time to engage in social activities.

Residents celebrate Indian and western festivals with loudspeakers.

Metropolitan area has its own local roadside fast food flavor, including Wada Paff (fluffy bread cut in half and filled with pot stickers), Panipuri (fried crêpe and tamarind and lentil seasoning), Paf Buhaji (fluffy bread with fried vegetables) and Buchpuri (popcorn mixture). Food and Chinese food are very common in southern India. Residents all over the world have their own unique tastes in cooking, music, movies and literature, both Indian and international. In 2004, chhatrapati shivaji Wharf and Elephant Island Grottoes in Mumbai were listed as World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.

Mumbai is the birthplace of Indian films (the first Indian film was shot here on1July 7, 896). Originally a silent film, it was dubbed in Marathi in the early 20th century, making it the oldest film in India. Mumbai is also famous for its numerous cinemas, including the largest IMAX Dome in Asia, where Bollywood, Marathi and Hollywood films play leading roles. Many film festivals will be lively all year round. In addition to catering to fans, the city also has a prosperous drama tradition (including local language drama and English drama). Contemporary art has a good performance in government-invested art galleries and private commercial art galleries. Government-invested art galleries include Jahanji Art Museum and National Museum of Modern Art. The Asian Language Association of Mumbai was founded in 1833, which is the oldest public library in the city. The city also owns most of the high-rise buildings in India. The most famous museums are the Prince of Wales Museum and Gandhi Museum. Mumbai is one of the cities with the largest number of sex workers in India. Although prostitution is illegal, Mumbai still has one of the largest and densest red light districts in the world-Kamatipura.

Mumbai has a population of 6.5438+0.8 million, with a population density of about 29,000 people per square kilometer. The ratio of male to female is1000: 811-higher than the national average in India, because many men leave the countryside to look for jobs. The literacy rate in this city is over 86%, which is higher than the national average in India.

The religious beliefs in Mumbai include Hinduism (68% of the population), Islam (17% of the population), Christianity and Buddhism (4% respectively). The rest belong to Zoroastrianism, Jainism, Sikhism, Judaism and atheism.

According to the population statistics of 199 1, the ethnic groups in Mumbai are Maladi (42%), Gujarat (18%), North Indian (2 1%), Tamil (3%) and Sindh (3%).

According to the size of the city, the crime rate in Mumbai is moderate. In 2004, 27,577 criminal cases were reported in Mumbai, which was 65,438+065,438+0 lower than 30,996,5438+0 in 2006. The main prison in this city is Arthur Road Prison.

Mumbai, like other Indian metropolises, has many people who know several languages. Marathi, the official language of Maharashtra, is widely used, and Bambaiya, a spoken form of Hindi, is also popular in the streets. It is a mixture of Hindi, Marathi, English and some spoken words invented by people. English is widely used and is the main language used by white-collar workers in this city. Most Indian languages are used to varying degrees in the population of Mumbai; The most widely used languages are Gujarat, Ennada and Tamil.

Like many other fast-growing cities in developing countries. Mumbai also suffers from the same serious urbanization problem-a large number of poor people and poor public health, occupation and education. Due to the serious shortage of development space in Mumbai, many citizens' houses are extremely small, and decent houses are usually far away from the workplace. Therefore, a large number of people need to rely on crowded long-distance passenger transport, which in turn causes serious road congestion. According to Business Weekly, about 43% of Mumbai's population lives in shanty towns and slums. Although prostitution is illegal in India, there are still a large number of sex workers in Mumbai, with an estimated number of more than 65,438+000,000. The high prevalence of HIV among female sex workers (always higher than 50% since 1993) has led to the widespread spread of AIDS in this region and even the whole country.

Twin cities in Mumbai are: London, England, Los Angeles, Karachi, Stuttgart, Germany and Yokohama, Japan.