Preparation before inventory

Many small and medium-sized enterprise inventory managers, due to lack of experience, did not make a good inventory plan, so they were in a mess, especially did not make an in-depth plan for the early stage of inventory, so that when the inventory was restored, the warehouse was still out of control, which delayed the recovery time and made the participants complain.

Generally speaking, the inventory plan should be drawn up and released one month before the resumption date. For example, if June 26th to June 30th is designated as the resumption (generally referred to as "large inventory", which means resumption), then the inventory plan should be established before May 3rd1. Only in this way can the warehouse staff be required to prepare for the perfect execution of the re-order; At the same time, the production site is also required to adjust production operations a few days before the resumption of trading, and gradually reach the level of "clearance" to facilitate inventory (because "work in process" is the most difficult to "price"). In addition, purchasing personnel and outsourcing processing personnel can have more specific instructions to analyze inventory, draw conclusions of storage planning, and provide them to warehouse personnel so that they can integrate the functions of storage consolidation and storage planning in the pre-inventory stage.

Skills related to inventory planning

First of all, the time schedule should be carefully considered. For example, calculate how many hours each pre-order organizer can actually make a pre-order every day (because the warehousing operation is still going on every day, it may only take 2 to 3 hours to make a real pre-order operation every day), and how many items * * * have, and how many days will it take to complete the pre-order. To really coordinate the normal storage operation of all departments, we must focus on what time of day to avoid the trouble of booking in advance. It is impossible for warehouse personnel to "find their own way" with one order. In addition, production activities should also plan when to start "shrinking", feed as much as possible a few days before the resumption of production, hand it over to the warehouse as much as possible, and "clear the field" as much as possible.

It is equally important to control the pre-inventory stage, so more detailed planning is also needed. Generally, the pre-inventory organizer will draw up the pre-inventory schedule of each storage area (even storage space) by himself, and the inventory manager will know (feasibility and adjustment) and then control it accordingly, which is really efficient.

Two. Determination of inventory time

Generally speaking, in order to ensure the consistency of accounts and goods, the more times the goods are counted, the better. However, the inventory needs manpower, material resources and financial resources, and sometimes a large-scale comprehensive inventory may cause a temporary pause in production. Therefore, it is very necessary to determine the inventory time reasonably. The key reason for the profit and loss of inventory results lies in the mistakes in the warehousing process. The more frequent warehousing, the more mistakes will be made.

When determining the inventory time, we should not only prevent the loss caused by long inventory time, but also consider the characteristics of limited resources and rapid flow of goods in distribution centers. While investing as little resources as possible, we should strengthen inventory control. We can determine different inventory time according to the different characteristics, value, circulation speed and importance of commodities, and the inventory interval can be daily, weekly, monthly and yearly. For example, the main commodities of Class A should be counted once a day or once a week; Class b goods are counted every two or three weeks; Class C unimportant commodities can be counted once a month. In addition, it must be noted that the duration of each inventory should be as short as possible, the overall inventory should be completed within 2-6 days, and the inventory date will generally be selected:

1. On the eve of financial settlement. Calculate the profit and loss through inventory and find out the financial situation;

2. Off-season. Due to less storage in off-season, business is not busy, inventory is easier, less resources are invested, and manpower mobilization is more convenient.

In addition, there are several points to note:

A. In principle, it is stipulated that every store should make an inventory once every two months for 25 days. The specific time shall be notified by the Finance Department before 20th of the inventory month.

B. If the inventory date needs to be changed due to the different actual conditions of each store, the person in charge of each store shall apply for the change five days in advance and notify the relevant departments.

C. Generally, the inventory time of stores is set from the end of business in the evening to the early morning of the next day, and the inventory is carried out in the distribution center during the day, except in special circumstances.

D. The inventory team of the supermarket headquarters has the right to conduct surprise inventory inspection on all stores and distribution centers from time to time.

Three. Inventory and accounting treatment

Because there are many kinds of goods in supermarkets and convenience stores, it is difficult to calculate the actual cost of all kinds of goods, so the book inventory generally adopts the "retail price method".

The calculation formula is: book amount = inventory retail sales in the previous period+purchase retail sales in the current period-sales amount in the current period+price adjustment amount in the current period.

In addition, it should be noted that:

A. All stores must do a good job of clearing accounts before taking stock, and find out the reasons in time if there are orders but no goods, goods and no orders. , to ensure that the accounting treatment is completed before the inventory, so that the accounts are consistent.

B. The financial personnel of each store should make an inventory table before the inventory, and summarize the documents such as price changes and reported losses.

C. The turnover on the day of inventory should be fully settled, and all sales documents should be accounted for.

D. All goods that cannot be returned due are reported as losses.

Four. Arrangement and training of inventory personnel

(1) arrangement of counting personnel

1. Matters needing attention in personnel arrangement

(1) In addition to the necessary left-behind personnel, all personnel in the floor department of the branch company must participate in the annual inventory, including the administrative department, and must support the floor inventory.

(2) Before the inventory 1 month, each department will schedule the personnel involved in the inventory. Before the inventory 1 week, the annual leave will be cancelled in principle, and any vacation will be stopped on the day of the inventory.

(3) Each department shall report the personnel who take part in the inventory to the inventory team, and must indicate which are the inventory personnel and which are the entry personnel.

(4) The inventory team uniformly arranges the inventory personnel of the whole store, which are divided into inventory personnel in the inventory area and inventory personnel in the exhibition area.

(5) When the inventory team arranges the personnel in the exhibition area on the inventory day, each sub-district team must include the managers, supervisors and technical staff of the operation department in the area, among which the manager is the supervisor of the sub-console set up in the sub-district.

(6) In the personnel arrangement of each partition group, the inventory team must specify the personnel who enter the site for the first time, the personnel who count, the personnel who enter the site again, the personnel who count, etc.

2. Notice of personnel arrangement

(1) Personnel arrangement of inventory team

(1) After the inventory team reports the inventory personnel list and scheduling in the street department, it will arrange all inventory personnel on the floor and notify all departments in the form of written notice and announcement 7 days before the inventory.

(2) The inventory personnel shall arrange according to the inventory in the inventory area and the inventory in the exhibition area twice. Divide the inventory area of the supermarket into different inventory partitions, each partition is equipped with an inventory grouping and sub-console, and each sub-console is equipped with a sub-supervisor to fully control the inventory work.

(2) the arrangement of the safety review personnel department

According to the inventory situation, the security department arranges personnel by inventory area and display area twice. It is required that each division must arrange personnel for audit. The focus is on the boutique department and the home appliance department. Department of alcohol and tobacco and areas prone to counting errors.

(2) Training of inventory personnel

After the establishment of the inventory team, a detailed inventory plan must be made, including the training of inventory team members, inventory management, inventory personnel and input personnel. Establish training files, carry out inventory training assessment, and require all inventory participants to pass the assessment.

The specific contents of inventory training mainly include the following aspects.

A. training on the use of checklist forms

(1) The inventory table is used to count the inventory area. In all inventory areas, the inventory team establishes inventory tables.

(2) the inventory table number. Under a certain quantity, the counting table can only be added after the counting team has registered and approved it.

(3) Obtain the inventory table from the main console before inventory, and return to the main console after inventory.

(4) The inventory table must be checked and confirmed by the inventory specialist of the Ministry of Security before it can be sealed and entered into the system.

(5) If it is necessary to modify the figures on the inventory table, they are as follows: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0.

(6) If you need to modify the figures on the inventory table, you can't use correction fluid or circle method, but you must cross out the original data and rewrite it.

(7) Only the name of the commodity is recorded on the inventory table, so the data on the inventory table is the total number of all the stocks of the commodity in the inventory position.

(8) The data on the inventory table can only be written with blue-black signature or ballpoint pen, not with red pen, pencil or colored pen.

(9) Inventory personnel must sign the inventory list in block letters in Chinese.

B. Point training

(1) principle:

(1) Points must be the number of sales units, which is the unit when goods are counted. For example, chewing gum, if the supermarket sells whole boxes, the counting unit of inventory is ×× boxes.

(2) The inventory area is a group of two people, and they are counted at the same time. When the points of two people are consistent, the data will be recorded on the inventory table as inventory data.

③ The "mutual counting method" is adopted in the inventory of exhibition area, that is, the initial counting staff of commodity A is different from the key counting staff and the three-point counting staff, and the counting staff is different from the recording staff.

(4) the samples provided by non-suppliers free of charge must be counted, and the accessories of the samples are not counted.

5 gifts don't count.

⑥ Goods with less than one sales unit are not counted.

(2) Points in the exhibition area

① initial point adjustment

● Inventory shelves or freezers and freezers from left to right and from top to bottom; In pairs, one person counts the quantity on the adhesive paper and puts it above the commodity price card, and the other person uses HHT (hand-held terminal) to input the number.

● The digital writing of inventory should be clear, and it is not allowed to scribble and confuse people.

● If the number is wrongly written, it shall be altered as required.

When counting, it must be counted according to the sales unit. If there are not enough sales units, it will be impossible to make statistics, so we should take them out and put them in the disposal place.

Low inventory, by the way, check the validity of the goods, expired goods should not point in, should be classified as pending goods piled up.

● For the goods whose serial numbers cannot be found, mark them with red tape and report them to the console for processing.

● When encountering bulk cargo outside the headquarters, send it to the sub-console and put it in the stacking place in the bulk cargo area.

② multipoint adjustment

● When redoing, first confirm the area to be redone, whether the initial point has been entered and whether there are any missing areas.

● Complex points need to use different colors of self-adhesive red to show the difference.

For multi-point input HHT, before multi-point input data, it is necessary to clean up all the data at the initial point.

When repeating the point, repeat the process of initial point, but the personnel are different.

③ Sampling rules

● The commodities that need to be sampled on the floor are commodities with quantitative differences between the initial point and the multiple points, commodities with shortcomings of the initial point or multiple points, or commodities with incorrect positions of the initial point and multiple points.

● The inspection of the Ministry of Security is to select commodities with small volume, high unit price, large quantity or error-prone.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Environmental preparation of inventory

Before the start of inventory operation, the inventory site must be sorted out to improve the efficiency of inventory service industry and the accuracy of inventory results. Cleaning work mainly includes the following aspects:

1) Before counting, the goods that have been accepted and put into storage shall be sorted out, and the goods that have not been accepted and put into storage and belong to suppliers shall be clearly distinguished to avoid confusion; Clean, classify and sort out the defective products; The returned goods should be handled in time, and those that cannot be returned temporarily should be identified; For gifts, clean them up and store them separately for easy identification.

2) Before the stocktaking yard is closed, notice should be given in advance, and the goods that need to be delivered out of the warehouse should be prepared in advance;

3) Account cards, documents and materials should be arranged and settled in a unified way, so as to find problems in time and nip them in the bud;

4) Identify the deteriorated and damaged goods in advance, and clear the scrapped products out of the store in time. Sort out the goods piled up in the storage place, especially collect and sort out the scattered goods so that they can be counted when taking stock. On this basis, commodity warehousing personnel will make advance orders, find problems in advance, and nip in the bud.

5) Arrange the display of goods in warehouses and shelves.

6) Clean up dead corners in the store.

Inventory of copying, reviewing and numbering intransitive verbs

A. Exhibitors in each store shall copy the inventory report in triplicate according to the S-form reading method 1 day before the inventory.

B. The person in charge of inventory or the group leader and director of each store should review the product name, specifications, unit price and shelf life around the duplicated shelves, inner warehouses, stacking, end display, boutique cabinets and checkout counters, and pay attention to the lack and repetition of heavy boxes and empty boxes.

C for the goods that arrive after copying the inventory table, the instrument should be read separately on the day of inventory and marked as attached to the category.

D the store manager shall number the copied inventory table and divide it into table a, table b and table C. ..

Seven. Prepare inventory tools

A. The operation department is responsible for providing all kinds of reusable tools needed for inventory, and the person in charge of inventory in each store issues them to the inventory personnel before the inventory starts, and then takes them back for safekeeping after the inventory ends, and shall not use or add them without reason in the future.

B. If the inventory tools with normal wear and tear are lost, the operation department can reissue them upon the application of the store inventory manager.

C. Common inventory tools: If the inventory machine is used for inventory, it is necessary to check whether the inventory machine can operate normally; If the personnel fill in the form, they need to prepare an inventory form and a red and blue ballpoint pen.

Eight. Suspension notification and manufacturer notification

A. If it is really necessary to take inventory of business suspension due to special circumstances, the manager shall apply for it, and with the approval of the general manager, a notice of business suspension shall be posted outside the store before the inventory.

B. Before the inventory, all relevant departments shall promptly notify the consignor that it is not suitable for delivery 1 day before the inventory.