What are the specific provisions of emergency preventive measures for safety production in the furniture industry?

Commonly used safety production preventive measures

Safety production runs through the entire process of construction and production from start to completion. Therefore, safety

work exists in every branch In some projects and every process, that is to say, if safety protection measures are not implemented, there is a possibility of casualties. Safety supervision should not only supervise and inspect

the implementation of safety protection measures in various parts, but also should understand the main safety technologies in construction construction in order to effectively take measures to prevent various types of Casualty accidents to ensure safe production.

1. Earthworks

1. Construction preparations

(1) Survey the site and remove the ground and above-ground obstacles. Find out the on-site conditions of the project, the geology and hydrology of the excavated soil layer, transportation roads, adjacent buildings, underground buried objects, ancient tombs, old civil air defense tunnels, cable lines, Water and sewer pipes, gas pipes, ground obstacles, water and electricity supply conditions, etc., so that targeted safety measures can be taken to remove ground and underground obstacles in the construction area. .

(2) Do a good job in flood prevention and drainage at the construction site, comprehensively plan the site, level the

elevation of each part, ensure smooth drainage of the construction site without accumulation of water, and set up necessary

around the site. /p>

Cut ditches and drainage ditches.

(3) Protect the measurement reference piles to ensure that the position and size of the earth excavation elevation are accurate and error-free

.

(4) Prepare electricity, water, roads and other facilities for construction.

(5) If a deep foundation pit requires retaining piles, retaining piles must be made first.

2. Precautions for earth excavation

(1) According to the excavation depth of earthwork and the size of the project, choose mechanical and manual excavation

or mechanical excavation plan.

(2) If the excavated foundation pit (trough) is deeper than the foundation of the adjacent building, the excavation should maintain a certain distance and slope to avoid affecting the adjacent buildings during construction. If the stability of the building cannot meet the requirements, slope support and reinforcement measures should be taken. And carry out settlement and displacement observations during construction.

(3) The spoil soil should be transported out in time. If it is necessary to temporarily pile the soil, or leave it as backfill soil, the soil pile slope

The distance from the feet to the edge of the pit should be based on the depth of the pit, The slope slope and soil type are determined, and the additional lateral pressure of the piled soil should be considered when designing the slope support.

(4) In order to prevent the soil at the bottom of the foundation pit from being disturbed, the exposure time should be minimized after the foundation pit is dug, and

the next construction process should be carried out in a timely manner. If you cannot proceed to the next process immediately.

A 15-30cm thick covering soil layer should be reserved and then dug out during foundation construction.

Foundation

During pit excavation, attention should be paid to preventing the foundation pit from being soaked, causing collapse and landslide accidents

For this reason, drainage measures should be taken when formulating earthwork construction plans.

3. Safety measures

(1) In the construction organization design, there must be a single earthwork construction plan, construction preparation, excavation methods, grading, drainage, slope support The slope support should be designed according to the relevant specifications, and the slope support must have a design calculation sheet.

(2) When digging foundation pits manually, operators must maintain a safe distance, generally 2.5m;

When multiple machines are excavating, the distance between excavators should be greater than 10m , excavation should be carried out from top to bottom, layer by layer, and the dangerous operation of digging the foot of the slope first is strictly prohibited.

(3) Carefully check the surrounding environment before digging, and do not work under dangerous rocks or buildings

.

(4) The foundation pit excavation should be sloped strictly according to the requirements. During the operation, attention should be paid to the stability of the slope at all times

and any problems should be reinforced in a timely manner.

(5) When mechanically excavating soil and excavating multiple steps at the same time, the stability of the slope should be checked.

Determine the safe distance between the excavator and the slope according to regulations and calculations.

(6) Protective railings should be installed around deep foundation pits, and special ladders should be used for personnel going up and down.

(7) The slope and turning radius of earth-moving roads must comply with relevant safety regulations.

(8) Blasting earthworks must comply with relevant regulations on safety in blasting operations.

2. Scaffolding

(1) Types of scaffolding

With the increasing scale of infrastructure construction, there are more and more types of scaffolding. In terms of erection materials, there are not only traditional bamboo and wooden scaffolds, but also metal steel pipe scaffolds. Metal

Golden steel pipe scaffolding is divided into buckle type, bowl buckle type, door type, and there are many varieties. In terms of the number of rows of vertical poles erected, they can be divided into single row racks, double row racks and full hall racks. In terms of the purpose of erection, it can be divided into masonry racks and decoration racks. However, regardless of whether it is divided into erection materials, erection pole emissions, or according to its use, generally speaking, scaffolding is divided into the following three categories.

1. External scaffolding

(1) Single-row scaffolding, which is composed of many single-row vertical poles and large and small horizontal poles tied

or buckled together, and is erected on the building or the perimeter of a structure. The main rods include vertical rods, large horizontal rods, small horizontal rods, scissor braces or throw braces, etc., and they are tied to the wall

according to regulations.

(2) Double-row scaffolding, which is composed of many inner and outer rows of vertical poles bound or fastened to large and small horizontal

poles, and is erected on The perimeter of a building or structure. The main components

are composed of vertical poles, large horizontal poles, small horizontal poles, scissor braces, diagonal braces, throw brace bases, etc.

If fasteners are used for connection, there are three types of fasteners: rotary type, cross type and straight type.

They should be tied to the wall according to regulations.

2． Internal scaffolding

(1) Horse-stool type scaffolding, which uses several horse-stools evenly placed along the inside of the wall, and lays scaffolding boards on the top surface, with stools and stools It is formed by adding diagonal braces or scissor braces at appropriate intervals. The horse stool itself can be made of wood, bamboo, steel or shaped steel.

(2) Pillar-type inner scaffolding, which uses steel pillars and crossbars to form a platform, with feet on top.

A hand board, and certain diagonal braces or scissors are added at appropriate distances. It is made of braces and

is installed on the inside of the exterior wall.