Have you really figured out the construction technology and key points of waterscape?

Although waterscape is an important part of landscape design, waterscape is also very common in interior design, such as hotels, large restaurants, clubs and so on.

When designing the waterscape elements in the design room environment, we should make rational use of various waterscape forms and combine them with landscape elements such as plants, stones, lights and sculptures to form a colorful indoor landscape environment.

This paper expounds the technological structure, equipment and waterscape design of waterscape, and mainly solves the following problems:

1. How is the waterscape constructed?

2. What equipment does the waterscape need?

3. How to design the waterscape?

0 1.

How is the waterscape constructed?

1, waterscape structure

No matter how complicated the waterscape is, it is understood as three parts: bottom, wall and top. The bottom of the pool bears water pressure to prevent water leakage; The wall of the pond plays the role of enclosure, which requires leakage prevention, and its inner wall is consistent with the bottom of the pond; The function of the pool roof is to highlight the boundary line of the pool and the integrity of the water body, and to attenuate the fluctuation of the water surface.

The pool roof is exposed in the line of sight, so the choice of pool roof form largely determines the final effect of waterscape.

The structure of tank bottom and tank wall can be divided into rigid structure tank and flexible structure tank.

Rigid structure pool: made of reinforced concrete and masonry, it has the characteristics of long service life and good leakage resistance.

Flexible structure pool: mainly made of glass cloth asphalt pad, EPDM, PVC, recycled rubber film and other soft materials. It has the characteristics of good impermeability, settlement resistance and frost resistance.

2. Analysis of indoor waterscape structure

The structural practice of indoor waterscape mostly adopts the technological practice of rigid structure pool.

△ Rigid structure pool

In order to facilitate memory and understanding, we divide the pool into five parts according to the function of the pool structure: waterproof leveling layer, waterproof layer, facing leveling layer, adhesive layer and facing layer.

△ Rigid structure pool

In order to ensure the waterproof effect of the pool, multiple waterproof layers are usually set. Generally, the pool adopts three waterproofing methods, and the specific methods are as follows:

1) structural floor polishing;

2) The first waterproof: penetrate the crystalline waterproof coating twice and return to the outside of the overflow ditch;

3) Second waterproofing: 1.5mm thick polyurethane waterproof coating, which returns to the outside of the overflow ditch;

4) cement mortar protective layer;

5) The third waterproof: 1.5mm thick polyurethane waterproof coating, which flows back to the outside of the overflow ditch;

6) Cement mortar protective layer.

Different from the rigid structure pool, the pool structure of indoor ecological waterscape adopts flexible structure pool.

△ Construction method of indoor ecological waterscape pool

3. The specific methods of building waterscape

1) Do waterproof leveling layer first.

2) Start laying waterproofing membrane. Considering that the penetration of plant roots will destroy the waterproof layer, the puncture-resistant waterproof coiled material is selected.

3) Leveling again, mainly to protect the waterproof layer. And keep the base level flat, which is convenient for subsequent construction.

4) Set drainage board+non-woven fabric, mainly to prevent water from infiltrating into and damaging the base, and drain the infiltrated water smoothly.

5) Transplanting planting soil and planting plants.

6) pool water storage.

Although puncture-resistant waterproof coiled material is provided, in order to prevent the waterproof layer from being damaged by plant roots. The thickness of planting soil needs to be considered together with the planted plants to ensure that the thickness of planting soil exceeds the depth that the plant roots can reach.

Ecological waterscape is more common outdoors. Because the natural growth of plants needs light and the indoor environment needs clean water, ecological waterscape is rarely used in indoor space.

02.

What equipment do you need for waterscape?

1, water pump

The general booster pump is a different kind of water pump that we often see. Submersible pumps are mainly located underwater. Both pumps are designed to control the water pressure, ensure the stability of the water flow speed and realize the water circulation of the pool water.

2. Nozzle

Different nozzles produce different water spraying effects. When selecting nozzles, we should not only consider the form, but also pay attention to the quality. The quality of sprinklers will affect the final water presentation effect and the maintenance of waterscape in the later period.

03.

How to design the waterscape?

1, basic elements

1) scale and proportion

Excessive water surface is loose and not dense, which is difficult to organize and wastes land. Too small a water surface is cramped and it is difficult to form an atmosphere.

The size of the water surface is relative, and the key lies in mastering the spatial proportional relationship between water and environment. The same size of water surface may produce completely different effects in different environments. Small-scale water surface is friendly and pleasant, suitable for quiet and narrow space, large-scale water surface is vast and misty, suitable for large-scale natural scenery, urban parks and huge urban spaces or squares.

2) Plane definition and line-of-sight guidance

Using water surface to define and divide space has a natural feeling, which makes people's behavior and sight unconsciously controlled in a kind atmosphere. The water surface is defined only on the plane, which can ensure the continuity and permeability of vision.

3) Style

The style of waterscape must adapt to the surrounding environment. The form of the pool roof, the shape of the pool and so on.

4) location

After deciding the scale and style of waterscape, we later began to think: from what angle will people watch this scene? Is the reflection in the water wonderful and interesting? Are there any beautiful scenery or ugly buildings by the pool?

5) Auditory design

Sound is closely related to the landscape characteristics, functional requirements and spatial scale of the environment. It can make people feel happy and healthy, but sometimes it can also be a disturbing culprit.

6) Light and shadow

Reflection: When the wall and bottom of the pool are dark, or the water reaches a certain depth, it will produce better specular reflection effect.

Reflection: Overflowing water will form a complete mirror effect, and a perfect reflection will be formed under strong light.

2. Design principles

1) unified coordination

Waterscape and the landscape features of the surrounding space are interdependent and set off each other. In the application form, ornamental characteristics and color expression of waterscape, it is unified and coordinated with its environmental space.

Regular or irregular application forms, the choice of dynamic or static water state, the unity and coordination of day and night color design, the unity and coordination of humanities in the environment, and the unity of style and form of architecture and planting design all need to be considered.

2) Clear purpose

Different waterscape application forms have different landscape functions. Therefore, in waterscape design, we should first make clear the theme: What is the significance of waterscape setting? Public space or private space? Is it possible that there are many children around? Is waterscape the main landscape focus in the environment or is it just a link connecting various structures in the landscape?

3) Proper location

When designing indoor waterscape, we can't just consider functional zoning and streamline. It is also necessary to pay special attention to the adverse effects caused by the location of the waterscape, whether the waterscape is easy to maintain, and whether it is easy to maintain when it fails. Whether the location of waterscape is convenient for people to enjoy waterscape.

4) Safe and reliable

Water quality, leakage prevention of pools and waterways, installation of sculptures, depth of pools and layout of enclosure facilities. Pay special attention to the influence on children.

In European and American countries, no matter what purpose the waterscape is built for, as long as it is a large pool, the filtration and chlorination treatment system must be installed according to the standards of swimming pools. The sign of "No Entry" can't completely prevent people from getting close to the water body and being curious about touching and playing.

summary

This article explains the knowledge points of waterscape, mainly talking about:

1. The waterscape pool can be divided into three parts: the pool top, the pool wall and the pool bottom.

2. In order to ensure the waterproof effect of the pool, multiple waterproof layers are usually set.

3. The size of water surface is relative, and the key is to master the spatial proportional relationship between water and environment. The effect of the same size of water surface in different environments may be completely different.