The content of the ancient poem "To Wang Lun"

Tang Libai

Li Bai will want to travel by boat,

Suddenly I heard singing on the shore.

Peach Blossom Lake is deep in thousands of feet,

Not as good as Wang Lun.

[Edit this paragraph] Legend

Wang Lun was a native of Jingzhou (now Jingxian County, Anhui Province) in the Tang Dynasty. He is generous by nature, likes to make friends with celebrities, and often gives generously and spends money lavishly. At that time, Li Bai was famous in the poetry circle, and Wang Lun loved him very much, hoping to have a chance to see the poet's elegant demeanor. However, Jingzhou is unknown, and he is also a nobody. How can I invite the great poet Li Bai?

Later, Wang Lun got the news that Li Bai was going to travel to Anhui, which was a rare opportunity. Wang Lun decided to write and invite him. Everyone who knew Li Bai at that time knew that he had two hobbies: drinking and traveling. As long as there is good wine and beautiful scenery, Li Bai will hear about it. So Wang Lun wrote this invitation:

"Gao Lei swimming? There are miles of peach blossoms here. How about your drink, sir? There are thousands of hotels here. "

When Li Bai received such a letter, he immediately came here with great interest. As soon as I saw Wang Lun, I went to see Ten Miles of Peach Blossoms and Wanjia Hotel. Wang Lun smiled and told him, "Peach blossom is the name of the pool here. There are no peach blossoms in Fiona Fang Shili of Taohuatan. Wanjia is the surname of our hotel owner, not that there are 10 thousand hotels. " Li Bai was stunned at first, but somehow he understood at once. Then he laughed and even said, "admire! Admire! "

Wang Lun stayed with Li Bai for a few days, and Li Bai had a good time there. Because the villas in Wang Lun are surrounded by mountains and rivers. Inside the villa, the pond building is quiet and deep, just like a fairyland. Here, Li Bai is drinking wine, eating delicious food, listening to songs and chatting with friends of Gaoyou. There are several banquets a day, and he often gets together and is often entertained. This is the life that Li Bai likes. Therefore, he can't help feeling a brief encounter with the host here. He once wrote Two Farewells to the King, in which Wang Lun was compared to Dou and Gong.

On the day Li Bai was leaving, Wang Lun gave eight famous horses and ten bundles of silks and satins, and sent servants to the boat. After a farewell dinner at home, Li Bai boarded a boat parked on Taohuatan. The ship was about to leave the shore when he suddenly heard a song. Li Bai looked back and saw Wang Lun and many villagers marching on the shore, singing to see him off. Li Bai was very moved by the host's profound friendship and simple form of seeing him off. He immediately spread out paper and ink and wrote a famous farewell poem for Wang Lun:

Li Bai was just about to leave when he heard a farewell song from the shore.

Even if the Peach Blossom Pond is deep, it is not as deep as Wang Lun's sending away my love.

This poem is a wonderful metaphor, and because of the influence of simple folk customs, Li Bai's poem is simple, plain and sincere.

The poem "To Wang Lun" made the name of Wang Lun, an ordinary villager, spread to future generations, and Taohua Lake became a tourist attraction. In memory of Li Bai, the villagers built a pavilion on the southeast bank of Tan, which still attracts many tourists.

[Edit this paragraph] Note

1. Wang Lun: Li Bai made generous friends in Taohuatan. When Li Bai visited Taohuatan, Wang Lun often treated him with wine. When he left, Li Bai made this poem as a gift to Wang Lun.

2. Tiaoge: A folk song tune, in which you beat time with your feet while singing, which is a popular singing method in the Tang Dynasty.

3. Taohuatan: The name of the water pool is in the southwest of Jingxian County, Anhui Province.

[Edit this paragraph] Brief analysis

When Li Bai plays in Taohuatan, Jingxian County, he often visits Wang Lun, a villager. When he left, Wang Lun came to see me off, so Li Bai wrote this poem to leave. This poem expresses Li Bai's deep affection for Wang Lun, an ordinary villager.

The first two narratives: "Li Bai was about to leave by boat when he heard singing on the shore." Li Bai is going to leave by boat. Wang Lun came to see me off with a group of villagers. They walked arm in arm and sang. Considering "desire" and "sudden smell", he wrote the poet's surprise model. "Will and desire" is the time when the ship is ready to go; "Suddenly smell" means unexpected. Maybe Wang Lun gave a farewell dinner last night, which means something can't be delivered the next day. But now he has not only come, but also brought a group of villagers to see him off. Why not make the poet excited! What language is used to express it? The Peach Blossom Pond is nearby, so the poet has a handy hand to compare the depth of the Peach Blossom Pond with Wang Lun's affection for himself. "Peach Blossom Lake is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun's love for me." Shen Deqian commented in Qing Dynasty: "It is a common saying that Wang Lun's love is better than thousands of feet's. The wonderful scene is just in a transition. " Indeed, the beauty of these two sentences is that the word "less than" connects two unrelated things. Taking thousands of feet Peach Blossom Pool as a reference, it is both vivid and intriguing to turn intangible friendship into tangible. The pool is "deep in thousands of feet", so how deep is Wang Lun's friendship?

[Edit this paragraph] Famous comments

Tang Ruxun in the Ming Dynasty said in the Interpretation of Tang Poems: "Lun, the ear of a village, how can it be near white?" It's time to make wine, and it's time to say goodbye to our ancestors. Our feelings are solid and extraordinary. It is too white, unreal and convenient, so it is eternal. "This comment is very appropriate.

[Edit this paragraph] Author introduction

Li Bai (70 1-762), Han nationality, Taibai, was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty. His poetic style is bold and unconstrained, with rich imagination, natural and fluent language and harmonious and changeable melody. He is good at absorbing nutrients from folk songs and myths, forming his unique magnificent and gorgeous colors, which is the new peak of positive romantic poetry since Qu Yuan. Also known as "Du Li" with Du Fu. There was another poet in the Tang Dynasty named Li He, nicknamed "Shi Gui", who can be compared with Li Bai. Both belong to the romantic style, with fantastic imagination and exaggerated words. But in comparison, Li Bai's poems are more eloquent and natural. Li He quoted many stories about laws and regulations, deliberately carved them and tried his best, which can be described as "painstaking". Judging from their achievements, they cannot be compared.

Now there are more than 990 poems and songs by Li Bai. There are a large number of political lyric poems, which fully show the poet's extraordinary ambition, unrestrained passion and chivalrous spirit, and also represent the typical tone of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai has a strong sense of self, and compares himself with Dapeng for many times, such as "When the wind rises in Dapeng, the waves roll straight to Wan Li" (Li Yong). However, when Li Bai was frustrated in Chang 'an for three years, his full political enthusiasm, when he was hit by reality again, turned into a wild song of grief and indignation, which gushed out from his chest: "The road is as wide as the sky, and there is no way out in front of me. I am ashamed to follow those who have no backbone, fighting cocks and dogs to bet on pears, and I want to return home with no fish to eat, and I don't want to succumb to the nobles." Li Bai also used a hearty drinking poem to dispel the sadness of his talent. "Into the Wine": "Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he likes, and never point his golden cup at the moon! Since God has given talents, let them be used! , spin one thousand silver, all back! Cook a sheep, kill a cow, sharpen my appetite, and let me, 300 bowls, take a long drink! "In response to this unrestrained emotional momentum, Li Bai's poems and lyrics are characterized by magical imagination, endless changes, vertical and horizontal jumps in structure and scattered sentence patterns, forming a magnificent and elegant style. Throughout his life, the poet eulogized the ideal life with a naive heart. Whenever and wherever he is, he always embraces the whole world enthusiastically, pursues full achievement, career and enjoyment, has a keen sense of all good things, grasps the reality but is not satisfied with it, throws himself into the torrent of life and transcends hardships, and realizes his value in a high-spirited state. If the ideal color is the main feature of the poetic style in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, then Li Bai walked in the forefront of the times with a more forward-looking ideal singing method.

[Edit this paragraph] Appreciate

Li Bai wrote 100 poems about drinking, according to my unchanging habit all my life. According to Yuan Mei's Addendum to Poems in the Garden, Wang Lun, a complete stranger, wrote to Li Bai and invited him to visit Jingxian (now southern Anhui). The letter enthusiastically wrote: "How is your husband? There are miles of peach blossoms here. Is it delicious, sir? There are thousands of hotels here. " Li Bai left happily. See Wang Lun is a hero of Jingchuan, hospitable and charming. So I asked where the Taoyuan Restaurant was. Wang Lun said, "Peach blossom is also called pool water, but there is no peach blossom; Wanjia, the owner's surname is Ye Wan, there is no Wanjia Hotel. " Li Bai smiled and said, Leave for a few days and write down the poem as a farewell when you leave.

Obviously, this poem was blurted out by Li Bai, which naturally became wonderful, so it has been read by people all the time. However, because it is as natural as life, people often know what is wonderful, but not why. There are still some comments on three or four sentences of the poem by later poets, but the first two sentences are colloquial and straightforward. In fact, combined with the above background, the first two sentences are also extremely successful.

"Li Bai will go by boat" means that I will leave Taohuatan by boat. Spoken English simply flowed out without thinking, showing a natural and unrestrained manner of coming on impulse and returning after excitement.

The words "suddenly smell the song on the shore" and "suddenly smell" show that Wang Lun's arrival is really unexpected. I heard it before people arrived. From the warm and hearty singing, Li Bai expected that Wang Lun must have come to see me off.

This farewell shows that Li Bai and Wang Lun are both informal, happy and free people. In the secluded mountain village, there is no complicated etiquette sent by the upper class. Wang Lun didn't seem to be at home when Li Bai left. Wang Lun came back and learned that Li Bai had left. He immediately rushed to the ferry with wine to say goodbye. Li Bai, who left without saying goodbye, is free and easy and not polite; Wang Lun, who is singing farewell songs, is also generous and enthusiastic, and won't let the children touch the towel. In just fourteen words, they wrote down their optimistic personality and their informal friendship.

Perhaps it is because their thoughts and temperament are in harmony that Li Bai is cited as a homonym and Wang Lun's friendship is cherished. Affection, hence to the beauty of the peach blossom pool, affectionately to sing a way:

"Peach Blossom Lake is deep in thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun."

Combined with the situation here and now, these two poems seem to blurt out and have natural feelings. Poets often use the depth of water to compare the depth of people's feelings. For example, Wang Lun's friendship is really as deep as a pool of stagnant water, but it is generalized and smacks of poetry. The current writing is like two friends saying goodbye by the boat. One is "I advise you to have another glass of wine" and the other is "one glass after another". Li baijiu is full of passion and flying in the air. He raised his glass to the running water at his feet and said, "Peach Blossom Pond, not to mention how deep you are, is not as deep as Wang Lun's friendship!" There is an innocent and natural interest in the prospect of spoken language and eyes, which vaguely shows the great poet's uninhibited personality. Therefore, Shen Deqian of A Qing Dynasty said, "The love of Wang Lun is a common language, if compared with the love of thousands of feet. The wonderful place is just in a transition. " (Tang Poetry)

When the ancients wrote poems, they generally avoided calling them by their names, thinking that they had no taste. However, this poem begins with calling one's own name and ends with calling the other's name. On the contrary, it is sincere, kind, free and easy, and very affectionate.

"Clear water produces hibiscus, and carving is natural." Later generations love to use Li Bai's words to evaluate Li Bai's poems, which is very learned. It is true that Li Bai's improvisation of poetry is effortless. He is passionate, outspoken, naive and unpretentious, but he has an unexpected beauty. "Seemingly ordinary and strange" is dazzling and unremarkable, and this kind of kung fu is extremely difficult to learn. The above poem "To Wang Lun" embodies Li Bai's natural and delicate poetic style.

The traditional proposition of China's poetry is implication. For example, Yan Yu, a poetic theorist in the Song Dynasty, put forward four taboos in writing poetry: "The language should be straight and the meaning should be shallow. Avoid dew in the pulse, and the taste is short. " Shi Buhua, a poet in A Qing, also said that poetry "should not be expensive". However, the expressive characteristics of Li Bai's above poem are: frankness, directness and few words. Its "straight language" and its "pulse dew" are not shallow, but its "meaning" is stronger. Its "straightness" contains feelings, and the true feelings flow from the depths of the soul, so it is very artistic. Thus, the literary phenomenon is complicated. There are also various artistic techniques that cannot be "static".

[Edit this paragraph] Analysis

This poem is about Wang Lun's coming to see Li Bai off. The author was very moved, so he used "Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun." These two lines strongly praise the profound friendship between Wang Lun and the author.

This poem is a household name. It was quoted by Chairman Mao when he met with Zhang Zhizhong, the representative of the Kuomintang peace talks, in the movie Zhongshan under the Storm. The true meaning of this poem begins with the beauty in the last two sentences: using contrast techniques to contrast Wang Lun's deep feelings with the depth of Peach Blossom Pond. (Excerpted from Practical Writing 1986, No.6, Ancient Poetry and News (Continued 2), full of feelings in the landscape, natural feelings. The poet compares his feelings for Wang Lun with the depth of water. This poem begins with calling one's own name and ends with calling the other's name. It is simple, kind, free and easy, very affectionate and praised by later generations.