The Life of the Characters in Chen Zizhuang's Works

162 1 year (the first year of the apocalypse), he went to Guangzhou to worship the Nanhai god. After returning to Beijing, he entered the National Museum of History. Three years later, he took the provincial examination in Zhejiang and served as the examiner. At that time, Wei Zhongxian eunuch was good at politics, and there was a word "eunuch with thorns" in the examination paper. The local government also established a shrine for Wei Zhongxian, and wanted to ask Chen Zizhuang to write the word "Yuanxun" for the shrine as a token of respect, and said to Chen Zizhuang, "You can get a good official by writing this word." Chen Zizhuang refused primly. Wei Zhongxian was furious: "What is Chen Zizhuang, who dares to go against my will!" So, I picked out the words "agent lost power" and "British master seized power" in Zhejiang Rural Trial Record, and framed Chen Zizhuang for "libel". At this time, Chen Zichuang's father, then Chen Xichang, also opposed the eunuch dictatorship because of his negligence. The father and son dismissed from office on the same day, cutting books for the people.

1624 (the fourth year of the apocalypse), when he presided over the provincial examination in Zhejiang, he was reported for allegedly attacking eunuch Wei Zhongxian by innuendo. He refused to woo Wei Zhongxian many times, but was retaliated by Wei Huai, who ordered his office to be revoked and sent back to his hometown. During this period, the Guangzhou Poetry Society was revived, which made outstanding contributions to the revival of Lingnan poetry, so it was known as one of the "Twelve Scholars in the South Garden". After Wei Zhongxian was sentenced to fall from grace, he returned to Beijing to be reinstated, and his office was the right assistant minister of does. In the early years of Chongzhen, the Wei Party was defeated and Chen and his son were reinstated. Chen Xichang moved to the official department to give alms, and Chen Zizhuang official Zuo Chunfang stayed in Germany. Soon, his father died, and Chen Zizhuang was in mourning at home. 163 1 year (four years of Chongzhen), served as second lieutenant Zhan in Zhanfu, with a bachelor's degree in Hanlin Academy. 1632 (the fifth year of Chongzhen) compiled Jade Dies and was promoted as a lecturer, which was beneficial to the emperor. Emperor Chongzhen often called his husband and was transferred to the right assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites. At that time, the peasant uprising army violated the emperor's mausoleum, and Emperor Chongzhen summoned the courtiers dressed in plain clothes. Chen Zizhuang said: "The urgent task today is to win the hearts and minds of the people. It is appropriate to punish yourself and inspire loyalty. " Chongzhen adopted his opinion. So, Chen Zizhuang and other ministers listed twelve charges, such as renting a house, cleaning a prison, making excuses and committing crimes. Chongzhen was eager to recruit talents and sent a letter to help his ancestors: among the descendants of the county king, there were talents who could take on great responsibilities. After examination by the imperial court, they can be granted official positions and promoted as usual. Therefore, Chen Zizhuang was careless and put forward three "not necessarily" reasons and five "not feasible" reasons, and his words were eager. He believes that changing the clan level to grant is suitable for opening the door to redundant staff. Chongzhen was furious and ordered the court staff with his "love". At this time, another king of the Tang Dynasty came to Shu and slandered the story of the previous generation. Chongzhen then removed Chen Zizhuang from the list and sent him to prison. Fortunately, Empress Dowager Cixi came forward to mediate and a minister went to rescue her. In April of the following year, Chen Zizhuang "returned from redemption" and embarked on the road to the south.

1637 (the tenth year of Chongzhen), in Biyun Academy, Baiyun Mountain, Guangzhou, Du Fu's poems were published outside the door: "There is no landscape in the world, and the old lady never grew Artemisia." The following year, Nanyuan was renovated, and/or kloc-0/2 people, such as brothers Chen Zisheng, Li Suiqiu, Qu Huairui and Zeng Daowei, were restored to Nanyuan Poetry Society, which was known as the Twelve Sons of Nanyuan in history. Later, he taught at Yushan College. 1643 (in the sixteenth year of Chongzhen), there was a great famine in Guangzhou and several neighboring counties, food prices rose, and beggars in Guangzhou increased day by day. Chen Zizhuang not only paid his own money, but also ran around to raise funds and organize relief. He set up points in different parts of the city and sent porridge to hungry people every day. According to Guangzhou Tongzhi, thousands of people survived because of his relief.

1644 (in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen), in March, Li Zicheng went to Beijing, and in May, Ming Dynasty and Zhu Yousong were called emperors in Nanjing. Because of Chen's popularity, he was appointed as the minister of rites. However, because he disagreed with Ma Shiying, a powerful minister, he was repeatedly excluded from Hong Guang. After the collapse of the Hong Guang Dynasty, he sneaked into Fuzhou and was appointed as a scholar of Dongge and a minister of the Ministry of War by Emperor Long of Nanming. After a long time, courtiers recommended to the court one after another before they were promoted to an old official and became assistant minister of Zhanfu. Before taking office, the capital fell and Emperor Chongzhen hanged Jingshan Park. Axe King and Zhu Yousong were founded in Nanjing, and Chen Zizhuang was appointed as the minister of rites. At that time, records of Ma Shiying authoritarian, and Ruan Dacheng cronies, and Chen Zizhuang. Every time Chen Zizhuang has a strategy, he is blocked and can't make it work. I have discussed countermeasures with Qian successively, but none of them have worked. He sighed: "Today is a matter of life and death. It is the time when people and ministers swear allegiance to the death, but everyone is United and the country will not be a country!"

In June of the same year, Nanjing was captured by Qing soldiers. And Qian took the lead in surrendering to the Qing army. Disguised and fled to Guangdong, he learned that Zhu, the king of Tang Dynasty who was far away in Fujian, asked him to be a college student in Dongge. Chen Zizhuang resigned because he had made enemies with the Tang King because of his previous comments on the imperial clan. After the capture of Emperor Longwu, a new court was established in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, with Zhu Youlang and Gui Wang as the supervisors, and Chen Zizhuang as the university student of Zhongji Temple, the minister of the Ministry of War and the military affairs governor of five provinces. 1646 (the second year of Longwu), Chen Zizhuang returned to Guangzhou to assist in military affairs on the orders of Emperor Longwu. After Emperor Long was captured by the Qing army and died, he participated in supporting Gui's accession to the throne in Zhaoqing. He was appointed Emperor Li Yong, a college student and minister of the Ministry of War, and made some military suggestions on Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi and Huguang provinces. After the Qing troops captured Guangzhou, he retreated to Nanhai County to recruit volunteers to fight, and fought in parallel with Chen Bangyan and Zhang Jiayu, making * * * plan to attack Guangzhou. 1646 (in the second year of Longwu), Guangzhou City fell. Chen Zizhuang and his younger brother Chen Zisheng raised flags in Jiujiang, Nanhai, in order to alleviate the difficulties of life, destroy their homes and donate money to recruit soldiers. Li Yong, Emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty, awarded him the posts of the University of Dongge, the official of Feng Jianjun, and the official of Li, and was the military governor of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi and Huguang. He fought bloody battles with Chen Bangyan, Zhang Jiayu and other insurgents in the suburbs of Guangzhou, Zengcheng, Qingyuan and Gaoming to fight against the Qing army. They will also assemble more than 6,000 naval divisions to attack Guangzhou with warships, but unfortunately they failed due to mistakes in the city. In this battle, Chen Zizhuang's eldest son died heroically. Later, the Qing army divided forces to attack Jiujiang and Gaoming City. Chen Zizhuang retired brilliantly, and led the whole city's soldiers and civilians to guard the city day and night. The Qing army repeatedly failed to attack, sneaked into the city and detonated explosives. The city was broken, and Zhang Jiayu and Chen Bangyan died. Zhuangzi and his father and son led the remaining 500 volunteers to fight bloody battles, all of whom died. Zizhuang and above were also captured and then taken back to Guangzhou. He refused to surrender, was taken to the execution ground to accompany him, was still criticized freely, and was executed by the commander-in-chief of the Qing army by cruel means-"see the punishment." Author of Zhao Economic Talk (14). 1647 (the first year)165438+1On October 6th, Tong Yangjia, the governor of Yingquan and Guangdong in Qing Dynasty, threatened to kill Chen Youzi in an attempt to force him to defect. Chen Zizhuang would rather die than surrender, saying, "Power lies in the palm of your hand, not in your own strength." Children can't force armour to surrender, and become angry from embarrassment. He came up with a deadly trick, to make an example of Chen Zizhuang, and put him in the cruel "saw the punishment", that is, cut people off from the top of his head and cut them into two pieces. But because the human body is shaking, it cannot be sawed. It is said that at this time, Chen Zizhuang shouted to the executioner: "Fool, people in the world need boards!" " The executioner realized the method of executing with a saw. The story of "everyone must use the board" is still circulating among the elders in Guangzhou. During the execution, the child bride "gathered all the gentry in Guangzhou and sat on the cold bench and watched them be punished in fear" and viciously asked, "Are the gentlemen afraid?" However, Chen Zizhuang was full of curses and generously recited a poem: "Where is the golden branch, and who is the jade leaf?" Laogen is willing to die and vows not to release spring flowers. "His brother Chen Zisheng and his mother are hiding in the mountains. His mother knew that Zhuangzi was dead and hanged herself. Zhuangzi's concubine, Zhang Yuqiao, was kept as a pet by Li Chengdong. She often tried to clear her eyes and soon committed suicide.

Chen Zizhuang, Chen Bangyan and Zhang Jiayu are also called the Three Loyalties of Lingnan. There is a ancestral hall of Dr. Chen, a famous scholar in the Song Dynasty in the north of Shabei. One of the couplets summarizes the loyalty of his life: when he was a teenager, he studied thousands of books and explored Chinese flowers, and he assisted the pillars of the court for 30 years, and his meritorious deeds went down in history; The soldiers of the five provinces were unified in the later period, resisting the Qing Dynasty and regaining sight, and the broken bodies of the battlefields in hundreds of battles filled the sky.

Chen Ming Zi Zhuang cursive poem axis Jinling Tiandu Building Collection. The file extension of encoded image stored in jpeg file exchange format.