Articles about Taoyuan Sanyi, Zhuge Liang, Cao Cao, Sun Quan, Zhou Yu and Sima Yi. . urgent

Zhuge Liang (18 1-234) was born in Yang Du, Langya County (now yinan county). Minister of Shu in the Three Kingdoms period, a famous politician, strategist and diplomat.

Life and achievements

18 1 year, Zhuge Liang was born in Yang Du, Langya County, with a family background of 1,000 stones (that is, a salary of 1,000 stones). Nine-year-old mother Zhang passed away. 12 years old, his father Zhuge Jue died. Raised by my uncle Zhuge Xuan. 197 Uncle died, and Zhuge Liang and his younger brother Zhuge Jun moved to Nanyang County. Located in Wollongong, west of Nanyang, Henan; When it comes to Longxi in Xiangfan City, Hubei Province, it may have belonged to Nanjun at that time. Although engaged in agricultural farming, he is still ambitious and compares himself with Guan Zhong and Le Yi. After that, he made friends with Xu Shu, Cui, Meng and others, studied under Pang Degong and other celebrities at that time, and married Huang Zhi, a celebrity.

In 2007, when Liu Bei visited the cottage, Zhuge Liang told Liu Bei and Chen that there was a plan to divide the world into three parts, namely the famous "Longzhong Dui", and immediately went out to help Liu Bei. Later, Luo Guanzhong described this fact artistically and became a model of Confucian traditional society. After Zhuge Liang entered Liu Bei's camp, he was sent to take charge of uniting Wu against Cao, and finally succeeded in establishing the Sun-Liu alliance. Battle of Red Cliffs and Liu Bei helped Sun Quan defeat Cao Cao Jun, thus laying a tripartite confrontation pattern among the three countries. After Battle of Red Cliffs, he helped Liu Bei pacify Jingnan. After Liu Bei entered Shu, Zhuge Liang was in Jingzhou. But Pang Tong's death made Liu Bei transfer Zhuge Liang to Shu and put Guan Yu in charge of Jingzhou's defense.

During his stay in Sichuan, Zhuge Liang mainly relied on the old clan brought from Jingzhou, and at the same time paid attention to netting the former Liu Zhang subordinates and Yizhou strongmen. He also vigorously promoted talented people who were born in poverty, and was hailed as a tool for people to make the best use of their talents. He has strict laws and regulations, believes in rewards and punishments, implements the policy of reclaiming farmland and improves ethnic relations. In 22 1 year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, established Shu Han, and Zhuge Liang was appointed as prime minister, which recorded the history. In 223 (the third year of Zhangwu), Liu Bei was seriously ill, and Zhuge Liang was the only one left. After Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, he took the Prime Minister as assistant minister and led Yizhou to shepherd Wuxiang Hou. There is controversy about when Zhuge Liang came to power. Some people think that Liu Bei has always attached great importance to Zhuge Liang and entrusted him with a heavy responsibility. Others believe that Zhuge Liang didn't really have the power to pursue his own ideas until Liu Bei died.

After Zhuge Liang came to power, he first rebuilt the Sun-Liu Alliance and founded it for three years (225 years). The ethnic minorities in the south of Shu Han (that is, the south of Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan today) led the rebellion in Menghuo. Zhuge Liang led an army into the grass. He adopted Ma Su's suggestion of joining the army, focused on attacking the leaders, and tried his best to win the support of the local upper class and the people. Some of them are used as local governors. After more than a year, the rule of these areas stabilized, providing material resources and troops for the later Northern Expedition.

In the spring of the sixth year of Jianxing (228), Zhuge Liang led a great army out of Hanzhong and began the first Northern Expedition. Masu, who joined the army, is highly valued. Ma Su was the pioneer of the Northern Expedition. He broke the rules and was defeated by Zhang He. He was executed with tears in his eyes. He asked for it and was demoted because of his negligence. In the 12th year of Jianxing (234), Zhuge Liang made the fifth northern expedition to Wei, and died in Wuzhangyuan at the age of 54, and was buried in Dingjun Mountain.

Zhuge Liang also invented the Kongming Lantern, a handcart and an improved crossbow, which can fire ten arrows at the same time. Legend has it that he also invented steamed bread to replace the sacrificial head during the Southern Expedition.

Marquis temple

After Zhuge Liang's death, Wuhou Temple was built in many places in Wuxiang to commemorate Zhuge Liang. At present, there are nine Wuhou temples in China, the most famous of which are Chengdu in Sichuan, Nanyang in Henan, Mianxian in Hanzhong, Shaanxi and Wuhou Temple in Chenggu County in Hanzhong.

Zhuge Liang in secular culture

Zhuge Liang became the embodiment of wisdom among the people because of his wisdom and the rendering and promotion of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. His stories such as Long Zhong Dui, Burning Wang Bo, Burning a New Field, Debating Confucianism, Borrowing an Arrow from a Straw Boat, Borrowing the East Wind, Burning Red Cliff, Zhou Yu of the Three Qi Dynasties, Seven Captures of Meng Huo, Six Emergencies of Qi Mountain (Tearing Ma Su, Empty City Plan) are widely known.

The existing saying that "being wise after the event" means being wise after the event; "Two heads are better than one" describes the greatness of collective wisdom.

Zhuge Liang's actor

Countless people have played Zhuge Liang in various local operas. Among them, the more famous are:

Ma, an old Peking Opera student.

Li Fazeng plays Zhuge Liang in the TV series Zhuge Liang.

Tang Guoqiang plays Zhuge Liang in the TV series Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

work

In the Western Jin Dynasty, Chen Shou wrote 24 pieces of Zhuge Liang's Collection, with more than104,000 words.

Wang Ming Shi Qi wrote The Complete Works of Wu Hou.

Zhang Shu in Qing Dynasty wrote the Collection of Zhuge Zhong's Wuhou.

Longzhongdui

Mourning Zhou Yu (not seen in Liang Benhe's book, but in the romance, I'm afraid it's not a bright work, so it should be added to Luo Guanzhong's art)

Pre-model

Later models were suspected to be fakes by later generations. This paper makes a textual research on Tao's first article, Distinguishing the Models of Later Generations after Zhuge Liang's Biography (full text). )

Book of commandments

Book of commandments and nephews

Jiang Yuan (also known as Shu Xin, most scholars think that it was not written by Zhuge Liang, but later generations wrote it in the name of Zhuge Liang)

The lesson before the horse (by no means Zhuge Liang's work)

Sixteen cheap insurance policies

Posterity evaluation

Chen shou called him "strict in science and education, loyal in rewards and punishments, free from evil and punishment, free from good and evil." As for officials, rape is not allowed, people are complacent, they don't pick up the remains, they don't invade the weak, and the weathering is awesome. "

Shangqi said in the Preface to the Inscription of Wuhou Temple in Zhuge: "If you make official books and temples eat, it will become a code that will not be published. Every time there is a popular grass movement in Yamanouchi, it will appear in the form of a powerful god. In the old days, if there was a drought, the people of the whole country prayed for it, meaning to survive without anyone benefiting, and to live and die together. " Death is immortal, but it is more expensive than life. "[Tang]

Lu Wen's "Zhuge Wuhou Temple" said that Zhuge Liang "has not received great glory, and heaven has taken its soul. Sincerely unforgettable, the ice is in the sun and the moon, and the ferocity does not come away. It is a thunderstorm. " [Don]

Du Fu, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote a seven-character poem "Shu Xiang" to express his admiration. He said:

Where is the temple of the famous prime minister? It is in a deep pine forest near the Silk City.

The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves.

The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations.

But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.

The couplets hung in Zhuge Liang Hall of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu were written by Zhao Fan in Qing Dynasty, which once attracted the attention of Mao Zedong and others.

If you can attack his heart, you will be self-defeating. Since ancient times, knowing that soldiers are not good at fighting;

It is wrong to combine leniency with severity without judging the situation. You should think hard about governing Shu in the future.

In A Brief History of China's Novels, Mr. Lu Xun criticized Zhuge Liang in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms: clever but almost evil.

Spouses, children and descendants

spouse

According to the records in the History of the Three Kingdoms and Xiangyang, Zhuge Liang's wife is Huang, the daughter of celebrity Huang. When Huang learned that Zhuge Liang was going to get married, he said to him, "I heard that you are getting married. I have an ugly girl with yellow hair and dark skin, but she can deserve you. " As a result, Zhuge Liang agreed and immediately married Huang. At that time, people regarded this as a joke. There is a saying in the countryside: "Don't choose a wife for Kong Ming, you will get an ugly girl."

Huang also wrote.

children

Zhuge Qiao: Zhuge Liang is the heir, and Zhu Gejin adopted Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang's name is Song Bo, formerly known as Zhong You, and his rank is General Yiwu.

Zhuge Zhan: (A.D. 227-263) Philip Burkart, aged 65,438+07, was recruited by his late master Liu Shan as a Xu. He has served as commander-in-chief, lieutenant, servant of ministers, strategist and general. After 26 1 year, he co-managed the military and political affairs of Shu and Han with TEPCO. In 263 AD, Wei sent Wargo to Shu, and Zhuge Zhan led the troops to fight in Fucheng. Wargo wrote a letter to surrender in Chen Qian, and Zhuge Zhan beheaded him angrily. In the decisive battle between Mianzhu and Wei Jun, he died heroically because he was outnumbered.

Zhuge Huai: Zhuge Liang's youngest son, Wang Lan, a teacher of the Jin Dynasty, suggested to the court that the descendants of famous ministers of the Han Dynasty should be recruited to work in Beijing, but Zhuge Huai did not come. After investigation, I learned that I wanted Zhuge Huai to be knighted. He declined politely, saying that he could stand on his own feet and had no talent to make up for it. He is willing to die at home. Emperor Jin agreed to his request.

Zhuge: Zhuge Liang's daughter. There is a view of truth in southwest Chengdu, that is, the view of smoking. According to ancient legend, Zhuge Guo practiced here, and became immortal and ascended to heaven.

Zhuge Liang circulated a book of commandments: "A gentleman's trip is to cultivate one's morality by quietness, to cultivate one's morality by frugality, not to be modest and clear-minded, and not to be quiet and far away." If you study quietly, you must study. If you don't study, you won't learn widely. If you have no ambition, you can't succeed. If you are slow, you can't be energetic, and if you are dangerous, you can't be radical. Time keeps pace with the times, meaning keeps pace with the day, and then it becomes withered, which is not enough to meet the world. It will be very sad to stay in poverty! " .

later generations

According to ancient historical records, the whereabouts of Zhuge Liang's three generations of grandchildren are not recorded. 1992 The genealogy of Zhuge family in Gao Long was discovered in Zhuge Village, Lanxi, Zhejiang. According to records, the descendants of Zhuge Liang have been living in Lanxi, Zhejiang since the Song Dynasty.

At present, descendants of Zhuge Liang mainly live in 1 1 villages and towns within 50 kilometers adjacent to Jiande, Lanxi and Longyou. There are more than 8,000 descendants of Zhuge Liang here, mostly the 49th and 50th generations of grandchildren of Zhuge Liang.

The descendants of Zhuge Liang have lived in Zhejiang since the14th generation of Sun Zhuge Li and the Five Dynasties of Shou Chang County Magistrate. Shou Chang in the Five Dynasties was now Jiande, Zhejiang. Zhuge Li gave birth to Zhuge Qing, and the descendants of Zhuge Yincheng, the eldest son of Zhuge Qing, moved to Lu Quan Village in the Southern Song Dynasty. Lu Quan Village now belongs to Lanxi City, and there are 569 households in the village 109, including 450 descendants of Zhuge. The descendants of Zhuge Qing's second son, Zhuge Cheng, moved from Shou Chang to Shigu Banjiao, which is now shigu village, Lijia Town, Jiande County, Zhejiang Province. Now there are 292 descendants of Zhuge. The descendants of Zhuge Chengtu, the fourth son of Zhuge Qing, moved from Shou Chang to Hualong Village, Longyou County, Zhejiang Province, where there are 49 families and 230 descendants. The descendants of Zhuge Liang, the third son of Zhuge Qing, moved to Gao Long, Zhejiang Province in the Southern Song Dynasty. The name of Gaolong takes the meaning that Zhuge Liang stands high among dragons. Gao Long is now Zhuge Town, Lanxi City. The descendants of Zhuge lived in seven villages around Gao Long. In the Ming Dynasty, people began to call Gao Long Zhuge Town, and it has been called until now. Now there are 2500 descendants of Zhuge in Zhuge Town, which is the most concentrated place of descendants of Zhuge and has now become the activity center of descendants of Zhuge.

Zhuge Zhen Bao has Zhuge Grand Court and Prime Minister Ancestral Temple, which were built in the Ming Dynasty. Zhuge's genealogy is collected in the treasure house of the great court. This genealogy was revised 15 times, the first time was in the early Southern Song Dynasty, and the last time was 1947. At that time, Chen, a veteran of the Kuomintang, wrote a preface for the final revision of this genealogy.

Cao Cao's message

Meng De, a native of Bo County, Anhui Province, was a politician, strategist and poet in the Han and Wei Dynasties. His father, Cao Song, is the adopted son of Cao Teng, who often works among eunuchs. Cao Cao has been alert and resourceful since childhood, and likes to wander around Ren Xia. At the age of 20, he promoted Xiaolian to A Lang and awarded him a captain in the north of Luoyang. After the outbreak of the Yellow Scarf Righteousness, the law enforcement was strict and the strongmen were not avoided. He began to build up his own armed forces. Since then, he has fought side by side with Tao Qian, Lu Bu and Yuan Shu for many years, and his strength has gradually grown. In the first year of Jian 'an (196), he welcomed Emperor Han to Luoyang, moved the capital to Xuchang at the emperor's command, worshipped Sikong, and sealed Wu Pinghou. Since then, the political advantage of "relying on the emperor to make the princes" has been established. In the fifth year of Jian 'an, Guandu defeated Yuan Shao in World War I, and since then. Ending the 20-year war in the Central Plains. In the 13th year of Jian 'an, he worshipped the Prime Minister and marched south to Jingzhou. Defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei in Chibi, a tripartite confrontation was initially formed. In eighteen years of Jian 'an, he was named Gong Wei, and in twenty-one years, he was named Wang Wei. In the first month of twenty-five years, he died in Luoyang. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was honored as Wei Wudi.

Cao Cao has profound cultivation in literature, calligraphy and music. His literary achievements are mainly manifested in poetry and prose.

Cao Cao wrote less than 20 poems today, all of which are Yuefu poems. Generally speaking, their contents can be divided into three categories: one is related to current events, the other is mainly to express ideals, and the other is poetry about immortals.

Works related to current affairs include Autumn Dew Trip, Good Li Xing, Cold Trip, Walking Out of Xiamen and so on. Two songs, Autumn Journey and Good, were written in the early years of Jian 'an. The first one reflects that He Jin murdered the eunuch, and Dong Zhuo went to Luoyang for an insurrection. The latter part is about the states and counties in Kanto, each with its own ambitions and fighting with each other, and the content is following suit. Poetry describes this historical process in concise language, so it is known as "a true record of the late Han Dynasty, an authentic work of poetry history" (Zhong Xing's Return of Ancient Poems). What is particularly commendable is that in the poem "Good", he wrote a lot of poems in a sympathetic style. Bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles. Leaving a hundred legacies to people, people's minds are broken. Written in the 11th year of Jian 'an, A Bitter and Cold Journey describes the cold, desolation, precipitousness and vivid image of the Taihang Mountains in winter, and at the same time writes the poet's inner complex feelings. "Out of Xiamen" was written in the twelfth year of Jian 'an, and the five rings levied three counties. There is Yan in the poem. Secondly, it explains October in Winter. Thirdly, it explains Cold in the River and writes about what you saw on your way home. Fourth, explain "although your life is long" and write about your ideological activities after winning this important battle. Among them, "Looking at the Sea" describes the seascape, "The autumn wind is bleak, the waves are rough, and the trip between the sun and the moon is unexpected; The stars are bright and the Han Dynasty is brilliant, which reflects the poet's broad mind of embracing the universe and the sun and the moon. " Although Guishou expresses the poet's views on life and career with a series of vivid metaphors: "An old horse rides a thousand miles, a martyr dies, and his heart is full of courage". This is the true confession of the poet's active and enterprising spirit all his life.

The poems that mainly express ideals are Du Guan Shan, Duijiu, and Short Song. The political ideals of the first two poets. His idea of a peaceful and prosperous life is the politics of virtuous monarch and good minister, which is undoubtedly of progressive significance under the realistic background of social destruction at the end of Han Dynasty. The theme of the short song is to seek the virtuous, with "the mountains are never too high, and the water is not limited." Recruit talented people and make it a great cause. Poems about immortals include "Hu" and "Autumn Tour". Cao Cao didn't believe in the alchemist's immortal theory, so he wrote these poems for another reason, so they can't be equated with Qin Huang's and Wu Han's immortal seeking. In terms of artistic style, Cao Cao's poems are unpretentious and not gorgeous. They are full of deep feelings and charm. This was originally the keynote of Jian 'an literature, but it is the most typical and prominent in Cao Cao's poems. In terms of poetic genre, Cao Cao's Yuefu poems did not copy the routine of Han Yuefu, but developed. For example, Lu Luxing and Good Li Xing are all elegies in Han Yuefu, but he uses old topics to express new contents. Cao Cao Kai

Cao Cao's prose is mostly applied words, which can be roughly divided into three categories: table, order and book. Representative works include Please Increase the List of Feudal Municipalities in Guo Jia, Order to Make Counties Self-evident, Show Books with the King, Sacrifice to Taiwei Bridge, etc. The same characteristics of these words are simple and honest, frank and fluent, and they write the unique voice of Cao Cao. For example, the words "Let the country be alone, I don't know how many people will be emperors and how many people will be kings" are very frank and verve. From the Eastern Han Dynasty, prose showed the trend of parallel prose, and gradually appeared at the end of the Han Dynasty. General prose writers began to emphasize duality and use allusions. But Cao Cao was unique at that time because of his simple, practical and concise style. Lu Xun once praised Cao Cao as "the founder of reforming articles" (Wei and Jin demeanor and the relationship between articles and medicine and wine).

Cao Cao's achievements in literature are also reflected in his constructive role in Jian 'an literature (see Seven Children of Jian 'an). Jian 'an literature can flourish under the background of long-term war and social fragmentation, which is inseparable from his attention and promotion. When discussing the reasons for the prosperity of Jian 'an literature, Liu Xie pointed out that "Wu Weizun loves poetry and elegance" (Wen Xin Diao Long) has a close relationship with him. Cao Pi and Cao Zhi are his sons, and the "seven sons" and Cai Yan are also sheltered by him. It can be said that "Ye Group" was formed on the basis of the material conditions he provided; And their creation is also under the influence of his advocacy. According to Yao Zhenzong's Textual Research on the Records of the Three Kingdoms in Qing Dynasty, there are more than ten kinds of works, such as Wei Wudi Collection, Sun Tzu's Art of War 1 Volume and Sun Tzu's Art of War 13 Volume. However, many of them have died, and the only one that survives today is Note to Sun Tzu. In Ming Dynasty, Ding's Collection of Famous Scholars of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties also included several collections, slightly more than Zhang Yan's. 1959, Zhonghua Book Company added Sun Zi's Note according to Ding Ben, and attached the Ji of Emperor Wu and Chronology of Cao Cao. Peking University Publishing Group (version 1925) and People's Literature Publishing House (version 1958) made corrections and rearrangements, and changed their names to Wei Wudi Wei Wendi Poetry Talk.

There are too many sons of Cao Cao, as recorded below:

Cao Ang, the eldest son, died in the Battle of Wancheng.

The second son is Cao Pi.

Cao Ang, Zi Xiu and King Fengcheng, the eldest sons of Cao Cao, died in the Zhang Xiu Rebellion.

Cao Shuo, fuck, mourn for you.

Cao Chong, Chinese character, Cao Zi name, Deng Ren.

Cao Zhi, Cao Zi Wang Cheng Peng.

Cao Yu, Cao Zi, General, Prince of Yan.

Cao Lin, damn it, King Pemu.

Cao, the number one fuck gun, less studious, Zhongshan people.

Cao Da, fuck, Huai Wang.

Cao Ju, Cao Zi and john young Wang Min.

Cao Gan, Cao Zi, Wang Zhao.

Cao Shang, Cao Ziren, son of Linyi.

Cao Qin, son of a bitch, just died.

Cao Cheng, son of Cao Zi, Gu Cheng.

Cao Zheng, Cao Zi, Uncle Shao Jizi, and Dai Gongzi.

Cao Jing, fuck, Zi Ling.

Cao Zi, Schopenhauer's stepson, Fan Angong.

Cao Ji, son of Cao Zi Guangzong.

Cao Zi, Shu Yu's stepson, Dongping people.

Cao Mao, Cao Zile Ling Wang.

Cao Zhang, word for word, is the son of Cao. He is not good at shooting in the palace, but he has great strength. He rode a general and became the king of the city.

Cao Zhi, Cao Zi, Chen.

Cao Xiong, Zi Zijian, Cao Zi, Wang Huai Jr.

Cao Pi, Zi, Prince Cao Cao, Wendi.

Sun quan

(182-252) is Wu Dadi. The founders of the Three Kingdoms and the State of Wu. Zhong was born in Fuchun, Wu Jun (now Fuyang, Zhejiang). His father was a magistrate in Changsha, and his brother made friends with Jianghuai family. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he followed his brother's rule in Jiangdong and managed the territory with the assistance of Lu Su and Zhou Yu. In the 13th year of Jian 'an (208), Liu Bei joined forces and Chibi defeated Cao Cao. After Wu and Shu fought for hegemony, they defeated Liu Bei in the battle of Yiling. In the first year of Huanglong (229), the emperor was located in Wuchang (now Hubei), with the title of Wu. Soon moved the capital to Jianye (Nanjing). He sent a fleet to Yizhou (now Taiwan Province Province). Set up agricultural officials, cultivate fields and develop production. But the taxes are heavy, the criminal law is severe, and the people are constantly rebelling.

......

Zhou Yu was born in an official family. /kloc-in 0/90, Sun Jian sent troops to join the army against Dong Zhuo and moved his family to Shu. Zhou Yu and Sun Ce became friends in the same year, and even lent their mansion to Sun Ce, making them feel like brothers. However, Zhou Yu succeeded his father as the magistrate of Danyang, and Zhou Yu followed closely.

After the death of Sun Ce's father, after years of war and merger in Yuan Shu, he was finally able to start developing. When he was going to cross Liyang to Wu, Zhou Yu received the letter, and Zhou Yu immediately set about responding. Sun Ce said happily, "I am noble and harmonious." "Later, he helped Sun Ce conquer Hengjiang, Dangli, Moling and Qu, defeated Yan Rong and Betty, and drove Lu You away, which developed rapidly. Later, Sun Ce personally attacked Shanyue and ordered Zhou Yu to return to Danyang. Soon, Yuan Shu sent his younger brother Yuan Yin instead of Zhou Yu, and his father was the magistrate of Danyang. Yuan Shu wants to attract Zhou Yu, but Zhou Yu thinks that Yuan Shu has accomplished nothing, so don't resign and go back to his nest. 198, he voted for Sun Ce again, and Sun Ce personally greeted him. He was appointed as the corps commander of Jianwei, distributed 2,000 songs for Zhou Yu, and gave 50 military horses and a big house, which was unparalleled.

Zhou Yu trained in Lujiang, prepared cattle and bamboo, and then took charge of Spring Valley. Soon, Sun Ce sent troops to attack Jingzhou, with Zhou Yu as the central defender, and led Jiangxia County (Jiangxia was not led by Sun Jun) to conquer Anhui. At the same time, Sun Ce and Zhou Yu married two daughters, and Sun Ce said to Zhou, "Although they are displaced from their homes, it is enough for them to get married. The relationship between the two went further. Yang was attacked again, and he was defeated, so he ordered and Luling to stay in Baqiu.

In 200, Sun Ce was assassinated and handed over power to his younger brother Sun Quan before his death. Zhou Yu returned to Wu's funeral and assisted Sun Quan with Zhang Zhao. At the same time, Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao and asked Sun Quan to send the hostages to Cao Ying. Sun Quan asked Zhou Yu and his mother for advice, but Zhou refused. His mother also supported Zhou Yu's decision and asked Sun Quan to treat Zhou Yu as a brother. In 2006, the governors Zhou Yu, Sun Yu and others cracked down on two thieves, Ma and Bao, captured more than 10,000 people, and then guarded the Guanting. Later, Huang Zu, the satrap of Jiangxia, sent Deng Long to lead thousands of people into Chai Sang. Zhou Yu recovered the blow and captured Deng Long alive. In the spring of 2008, Sun Quandong invaded Jiangxia, and Zhou Yu was appointed as the former governor.

In the autumn of the same year, Cao Cao led an army to invade the south and occupied Jingzhou. Cao Cao approached Sun Quan. When the army besieged the city, Sun Quan's ministers appeared two factions, the peace faction and the war faction. Lu Su advised Sun Quan to call Zhou Yu, who was far away in Poyang, back to help. Zhou Yu did not analyze Sun Quan and said, "Although Cao Cao is called Han Xiang, he is actually a Chinese thief. With the outstanding talent of SHEN WOO and the strength of his father and brother, the general established a separatist regime in Jiangdong, thousands of miles away. When the soldiers are full, the heroes are happy. It's still time to spread all over the world, and to kill the Han family. What evil did Cao Cao Can encounter when he died? Please ask the general to mention: Now that the land in the north has been settled, Cao Cao has no internal worries. Can he fight for territory for a long time, and who will win or lose with our hospital? Now there is no peace in the north, and Ma Jia Chao and Han Sui are still in Kansai, which is a future trouble for Cao Cao. And give up the pommel horse, to fight the boat, to compete with wuyue who is not directed by China. In this cold weather, there is no grass on horseback, which drives China literati to travel far and wide. If they are not used to water and soil, they will get sick. These four men are also suffering from fighting, but Cao Cao is desperate. General, fuck it. It should be today. Zhou Yu invited 30,000 elite soldiers to stay and ensure that they would be breached by the general. Sun Quan was incited by Lu Su. After listening to Zhou Yu's detailed analysis, he decided to go to war.

Sun Quan ordered Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu to lead 30,000 troops to fight Cao Cao. On the way, they met at Chibi. Cao Cao Jun was ill and unfamiliar with water, so he lost the first battle. Cao Cao led the army to Jiangbei. Zhou Yu and the alliance Liu Beijun camped on the south bank, and the two sides were at loggerheads. Zhou Yu suggested that Huang Gai beat Cao Jun with a fire meter. Zhou Yu thought it was feasible and ordered Huang Gai to cheat. As expected, Cao Cao was trapped, all the ships were burned, and Cao Cao returned to Nanjun in the north. The history of this war is called Battle of Red Cliffs.

Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu pursued their victory and sent troops to Nanjun, facing Cao Cao's general Coss across the river. Zhou Yu sent Gan Ning to attack Yiling first, and Coss also divided his troops to besiege. Gan ning asked Zhou Yu for help. Zhou Yu used Lv Meng's plan to stay in Ling Tong, and then he and Lv Meng went to save him. After the siege of Gan Ning, he led his troops to the north shore. Zhou Yu personally led the army to attack, but the right wing was wounded by the flow vector, seriously injured, and led the army to retreat. Coss heard that Zhou Yu was injured and couldn't get up. He personally supervised the army to Zhou Yu. Zhou Yu got up and went to the barracks to boost morale. Coss, seeing this, retreated again and again. After almost a year, Nanjun was finally conquered. Sun Quan, instead of worshipping Zhou Yu as a partial general, led the Southern County prefect. The following are counties, Hanchang, Liu Yang and Zhouling, with Jiangling as the resident. At the same time, Zhou Yu offered a honey trap and divided Liu Bei's camp, but Sun Quan didn't have to.

In 2 10, Zhou Yu proposed a plan to conquer western Shu, and Sun Quan agreed, but he fell seriously ill on his way back to Jiangling, where he was stationed, and finally died in Baqiu at the age of 36. Sun Quan personally put on plain clothes, and both sides were moved.

After Zhou Yu's death, he was buried in the east of Lujiang, Anhui Province.

trait

Zhou Yu was brilliant and handsome when he was young. As an open-minded man, he was convinced by humility that everyone in Sun Jun was his friend. However, Cheng Pu insulted Zhou Yu several times because he was older than Zhou Yu, and Zhou Yu endured it every time. Cheng Pu began to change his view of Zhou Yu and drank with Zhou Yu. He is also very kind. People in Yangzhou call Sun Ce, Zhou, Lang,. Zhou Yu's delicate temperament, although the wine lead three rounds, but if the music is wrong, he will definitely turn back, so there is a saying that "the music is wrong, Zhou Lang cares".

Although Sun Quan regarded Zhou Yu as his elder brother, Zhou Yu never took credit for himself, and treated Sun Quan respectfully and cautiously, in full accordance with the ceremony of the monarch and the minister. Cao Cao was extremely loyal to this statement and sent a celebrity Jiang Gan to lobby Zhou Yu to surrender, but Zhou Yu refused.

domestic

great-grandfather

Zhang, what is the emperor, is the history.

(paternal) grandfather

Zhou Jing, less known for his honesty and ability, was first investigated as a filial piety and government official. Later, it was the secretariat of Yuzhou, where Mars and Xun Yu were engaged. They moved to Shangshuling and became autumn.

father

Zhou Yi was ordered by Luoyang.

Shang Zhou, Zhou Yu from father, official to Danyang.

Madam

Xiao Qiao, Gong Qiao's daughter and Gong Qiao's sister, is born with beauty and fragrance.

children

Zhou Xun, the eldest son of Zhou Yu, his wife was a princess, and he rode a captain, which was Zhou Yu's wind and died young.

Zhou Yin, the second son of Zhou Yu, was originally a Xingye family, and his wife was Sun Jiazong's daughter. He was stationed in the public security and was appointed as the capital of Hou Xiang. Later, due to the sin of Luling County, he died of illness.

Zhou Yu's daughter Zhou married Prince Sun Deng.

Brother's son

Zhou Jun, the son of his younger brother Zhou Yu, was appointed as a partial general because of Zhou, leading thousands of officials.

evaluate

"The History of the Three Kingdoms" commented: "Cao Gong took advantage of the wealth of the Han Dynasty, held the emperor to make the princes, swept away the unruly crowd, and made a new wave in Jingcheng to fight Eastern Xia. The person who discussed it at that time was undoubtedly. " Zhou Yu and Lu Su established their own dogmatic opinions, making them look like other people and really wizards. 」

Sun Ce: "Zhou Gongjin's talent is different from that of a loner. He is divided into two parts. 」

Cheng Pu: "If you and Zhou Jin are bus friends, you won't get drunk when you drink. 」

Jiang Gan: "You are generous and don't talk idle. 」

Liu Bei said, "Gong Jin's combination of civil and military skills is very important to thousands of people in Qian Qian. Despite its large caliber, I'm afraid it will soon become a minister. 」

Sun Quan said, "Gong Jin was endowed by Wang Zuo, and his life is short. Why does he want to be alone? " ! ","lonely is not Zhou Gongjin, not the emperor. 」

People at that time: "This song is wrong, and Zhou Lang cares. 」

Zhou Yu in Literary Works

Romance of the Three Kingdoms

Zhou Yu in Luo Guanzhong's novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms is resourceful, but what impresses readers most is his narrow mind. Recognizing Liu Bei's threat to the future of Jiangdong, he tried to kill Zhuge Liang many times in Battle of Red Cliffs, and once tried to kill Liu Bei. After the war, he tried many times to eradicate Liu Bei's influence. Zhuge Liang was so angry that he vomited blood and died. Before he died, he lamented that he had given birth to Yu and He Shengliang. Nowadays, people often use "Yu Liang Complex" to describe the situation that two owners have to be tit for tat.

Sima Yi was a literary consultant in his early years and later became the main book. He is one of Cao Cao's advisers, but he is not famous. Later, Sima Yi helped Cao Pi to make a plan to cut Shu by five roads, and began to emerge. Before his death, Cao Pi became a minister of life care. After Cao Rui acceded to the throne, Sima Yi volunteered to guard the western part of Wei. Later, due to Masu's double espionage scheme, it was once abandoned. However, in the face of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, Wei had to use Sima Yi again. Sima Yi was defeated by Zhuge Liang many times, so he adopted the strategy of closing the door without fighting until Zhuge Liang died of illness. After Cao Fang ascended the throne, Sima Yi and Cao Shuang supported the imperial court. Sima Yi was ostracized by Cao Shuang, so he launched a coup and killed the Cao Shuang clan, and from then on he mastered the power of Wei. After Sima Yi's death, the regime of Wei State was still controlled by his son, which led to the appearance of Wei State in Jin State many years later. Sima Yi was posthumously named Emperor of Jin Dynasty.

Liu Bei, the first emperor of Shu Han, is said to be a descendant of Liu Sheng, the son of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty. Liu Bei lost his father and made a living by selling shoes and weaving straw mats with his mother. During the Yellow Scarf Uprising, Liu Bei organized volunteers and government forces to wipe out the Yellow Scarf. He used to be a county commandant in Anxi county, and soon abandoned his official because of flogging Du You. After the warlord regime, Liu Bei was weak and often relied on others. He has taken refuge in Gongsun Zan, Cao Cao, Yuan Shao, Liu Biao and others. After many twists and turns, he still has no place of his own. Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Bei and Wu jointly fought against Cao Cao and won. He borrowed Wu Dong to Jingzhou, which developed rapidly, annexed Yizhou, occupied Hanzhong and established the Shu-Han regime. After Guan Yu died, Jingzhou was seized by Sun Quan, and Liu Bei conquered Wu after he proclaimed himself emperor. The battle of Yiling was defeated by Lu Xun and died in Baidicheng, leaving Zhuge Liang alone in his sickbed.

Guan Yu fled to Benzhuo County and became brothers with Liu Bei and Zhang Fei. When director Liu Bei entertained the guests, Guan Yu stood by and did not avoid difficulties and obstacles. After the war in Xuzhou, in order to protect Liu Bei's family, he had to surrender to Cao Cao and was favored by Cao Cao. But Guan Yu never forgot his roots, made contributions to Cao Cao and left to pursue Liu Bei. In the Battle of White Horse, Guan Yu stabbed Yan Liang, a famous Hebei soldier, on horseback, and Yuan Jun was invincible. Was awarded the title of Hou Ting of Hanshou. After Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Bei collected Jingzhou counties and named Guan Yu the prefect and general of Xiangyang and stationed in Jiangbei. After Liu Bei pacified Yizhou, he ordered Guan Yu to be in charge of Jingzhou military and political affairs. Liu Bei ascended the throne in Hanzhong, and was also named as a former general, having a holiday. Then Guan Yu led his army to attack Fancheng in the north and cut Pound, which was a big country to China at that time. Soon, because Jingzhou in the rear was captured by Soochow, Guan Yu's army was defeated at the front, and Guan Yu was finally defeated by Maicheng. He was killed by Sun Quanjun in Linzhou, and Guan Yu died heroically. Be a strong and intelligent person.

I met Liu Guan in Zhuo Jun, worked with Guan Yu in Liu Bei's place, and regarded Guan Yu as my brother. As Liu Bei helped Cao Cao defeat Lu Bu, he was awarded the corps commander. In Dangyang Changosaka, Zhang Fei led twenty riders to break the bridge by water and stopped Cao Cao's army. No one dared to enter Cao Jun, Liu Bei pacified Jingzhou, Zhang Fei served as prefect, General Lu and Xinting. When Liu Bei entered Shu, Zhang Fei and Kong Ming went upstream to Jiangzhou and were released by Yan Yan, the prefect. Yizhou was pacified, and Zhang Fei was appointed as the Brazilian satrap, which quickly repelled Zhang He's attack. It is a festival for Liu Bei to flatter Wang Hanzhong and make Zhang Fei the right general. In the first year of Zhangwu, he moved to ride a general, led a captain of the official department, and entered Xixiang Hou. After Liu Bei attacked Wu, Zhang Feiben led ten thousand soldiers to Jiangzhou from Langzhong. Before he left, he was killed by Zhang Da and Fan Jiang. After chasing, the more Huan Hou.