About Shantou! !

Shantou city is located in the east of Guangdong province, at the southern end of Hanjiang River Delta, and is known as the "gateway of Lingdong and the hub of South China". It is a special economic zone, an open coastal city and a famous hometown of overseas Chinese. The city has a total area of 2,64 square kilometers and a population of 4,846,4. Jurisdiction over Jinping, Longhu, Haojiang, Chenghai, Chaoyang, Chaonan six districts and Nan 'ao County. Shantou's geography and humanities have four characteristics:

First, it is close to the South China Sea and has superior natural conditions. The city's coastline is 289 kilometers, the urban area is 187 nautical miles from Hongkong and 18 nautical miles from Kaohsiung, Taiwan Province. The Tropic of Cancer runs through the whole territory and has a subtropical marine climate, with no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer.

Second, there are many overseas Chinese and they have close contacts with overseas. At present, there are 3.35 million overseas Chinese, Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, all over the world in more than 4 countries and regions. The unique advantages of human relationship, geography and kinship make Shantou have special advantages and great potential in opening up to the outside world, and its friendly exchanges and cooperation with other countries are becoming increasingly active. It has successively established sister cities with Kishida City of Japan, St. John City of Canada and Pyeongtaek City of South Korea.

thirdly, it is a century-old commercial port with an extroverted economy. Shantou, which opened in 1861, is one of the earliest port cities in modern China, and its commerce and trade have always been relatively developed. In 193s, Shantou Port once ranked third in the country in terms of throughput and seventh in terms of commerce. It is a transportation hub, a port of entry and exit and a commodity distribution center in eastern Guangdong, southwestern Fujian and southeastern Jiangxi. At present, Shantou has established economic and trade relations with 165 countries and regions, has freight exchanges with 248 ports in 5 countries and regions and major domestic ports, and 53 multinational corporations, big consortia and big trading companies have invested in Shantou.

Fourth, there are many people and few places, and the cultural tradition is unique. The population density of the city is 2,18 people per square kilometer, and the per capita cultivated land area is .16 mu. It is one of the most densely populated areas in China with the least per capita cultivated land area, and is known for its intensive cultivation. Shantou has a profound cultural background and enjoys the reputation of "Zou Lu by the Sea". Chaoshan dialect is the local dialect, and Chaozhou opera, Chaozhou music, Chaozhou cuisine and congou are well-known at home and abroad. Shantou people are more famous for their hard work, pioneering spirit and good management.

historical evolution of Shantou

Shantou city was a coastal alluvial land in ancient times. A village was formed in Song Dynasty, belonging to Jieyang County. In the Yuan Dynasty, there was a large fishing village in Guanghuabu, which was called Xialing. In the early Ming Dynasty, Pengzhou was set up to defend thousands of households, and Chenghai was attached to Chenghai when it was set up in Jiajing period. Because the sand ridge extends to the sea, the people set up fences to fish, which is called sand hill. Shashantou Fort was built in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. The Yongzheng period was referred to as Shantou for short. Xianfeng ten years (AD 186) opened to the outside world. Shantou Municipal Bureau was established in the winter of 1919. In July 1921, the city hall was established and divided with Chenghai. In 193, it was granted to set up a city, which was subordinate to the Guangdong provincial government.

After liberation, Shantou Municipal People's Government was established on March 15th, 195. In 1981, with the approval of the State Council, a special economic zone was set up on a trial basis in Longhu. On December 22, 1983, the system of city governing county was implemented, Shantou area was abolished, and 8 counties and 1 city belonging to the original area were merged into Shantou city. In November, 1984, with the approval of the State Council, Shantou Special Economic Zone expanded to 52.6 square kilometers, divided into Longhu and Guang 'ao. In April 1991, the State Council approved the expansion of Shantou Special Economic Zone to the whole urban area of Shantou, covering an area of 234 square kilometers, and it was confirmed that it was officially implemented in November of next year. In November 1991, the administrative region of Chaoshan was adjusted, and Chaozhou and Jieyang were divided into prefecture-level cities.

In p>23, with the approval of the State Council, the administrative divisions of Shantou were greatly adjusted, Chaoyang and Chenghai were removed from the urban areas, and the five districts of the original urban area were reorganized and merged into three districts, of which Hepu and Dahao were merged into Haojiang District; Shengping and Jinyuan were merged into jinping district; Longhu district is reserved, and Waisha Town and Xinxi Town, which originally belonged to Chenghai City, are assigned to longhu district; Chenghai City withdrew from the city and set up a district; The withdrawal of Chaoyang City is set as Chaoyang District and Chaonan District. After the adjustment, the urban area expanded from 31 square kilometers to 195 square kilometers, and the urban population increased from 1.2 million to 4.54 million. Only 128 square kilometers of Nan 'ao County is built

Shantou Tourism: Tropic of Cancer Sign Tower

Shantou Tropic of Cancer Sign Tower is located on the hill called centipede ridge in the south of Jilong Mountain west of Shantou, 2 kilometers away from the urban area.

The Tropic of Cancer is the dividing line between the north temperate zone and the tropical zone on the earth, that is, latitude circle at 23 26 ′ north latitude. In addition to continuous rotation, the earth in which we live revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit, which is called revolution. The rotation of the earth produces the alternation of day and night, while the revolution of the earth forms the cycle of four seasons. When the earth revolves around the sun obliquely, the axis of the earth and the orbital plane of the revolution form an included angle of 66.5 degrees. Therefore, during the revolution of the earth, the sun's vertical illumination on the surface of the earth is not fixed in one place, sometimes directly in the northern hemisphere, and sometimes directly in the southern hemisphere. Connecting the northernmost point of direct sunlight into an imaginary line is called the Tropic of Cancer. During the year, the vertical irradiation point of sunlight moves between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. Only at about 12 noon on the summer solstice on June 22 every year, there is a moment of direct contact with the Tropic of Cancer. From this moment on, the northern hemisphere enters summer. Therefore, only once a year can we see the astronomical phenomenon of "standing on a pole without a shadow"

The Tropic of Cancer is an invisible imaginary line. With the establishment of the sign tower, people can intuitively see the objective entity of the Tropic of Cancer and feel the existence of this latitude. It is of great significance to the scientific research of astronomy, geography, soil, biology and climate. Therefore, in the places where the Tropic of Cancer passes, Chiayi and Hualien in Taiwan Province, Shantou, Conghua, Fengkai in Guangdong and Mojiang in Yunnan have all built sign towers. Up to now, China has built the largest number of Tropic of Cancer towers in the world.

The Tropic of Cancer passes through 16 countries and regions on earth, mostly in desert and grassland areas, such as the Sahara Desert in North Africa, the Arabian Desert in Arabian Peninsula, the Indian-Pakistani thar desert, the Mexican Desert in North America, etc., and the so-called "return desert zone" appears, which only passes through Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Taiwan Province provinces in China, but it is another scene. This area is luxuriant in trees, lush, abundant in rainfall and rich in products, and people call it "the magical returning green belt".

Shantou Tropic of Cancer Sign Tower was built in June 1986. The base of the tower is a three-stage circular platform made of granite. The main building on the platform is a reinforced concrete pillar with the word "North" paved with white marble. A globe with a diameter of 5 meters is supported on the pillar, and a stainless steel pipe with a diameter of 45 cm and a length of 5 meters is arranged on the central axis of the globe from top to bottom. Every year at noon on the summer solstice of the lunar calendar, when the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer Tower, the sun shadow passes through this tube and is projected on the center of the black granite set in the center of the viewing platform.

In the east-west direction of the viewing platform, a black slate belt is laid to mark this line as the Tropic of Cancer, and plants with warm and hot zones are planted on both sides. When we step on this slate belt, we are between the north temperate zone and the tropical zone, and it seems that we can feel the rotation of the earth and have a sense of mystery across the two zones. "Looking at the sun from the North Standard" is a true portrayal of the "Summer Solstice" view of the sun. Every summer solstice (noon on June 22), the sun watchers are very enthusiastic, competing to see the annual spectacle of "standing on a pole without a shadow" and personally feel the alternating moment of spring and summer.

Many trees and flowers have been planted around the Tropic of Cancer sign tower, and mountaineering roads have been paved. At the top of the mountain, Kuafu Pavilion and Deng Linting Pavilion (named after the myth of Shan Hai Jing) have been built, and many poems of mountaineering tourists have been carved on the roadside stone walls. When you board the Denglin Pavilion, you can look at the wide water surface of Niu Tianyang in the west and Jilong Mountain in the east.

The names of "Kuafu Pavilion" and "Deng Linting Pavilion" are related to the sun. There is a touching myth in the ancient book Shan Hai Jing: Kuafu means man. In ancient times, when there was drought, he wanted to conquer and chase the sun. He was sweating all over, and his thirst was unbearable. He didn't quench his thirst after drinking all the Wei water in the Yellow River, and he wanted to drink the water from the sea. Before he arrived, he died of thirst on the road. Kuafu discarded cane, inserted in the ground, that is, into a dense Deng Lin. Deng Lin is Taolin. Shantou Tropic of Cancer Sign Tower is located in our coastal city, and the scenery such as "Kuafu Pavilion" is very consistent with the myth story of Kuafu chasing the sun in Shan Hai Jing.

Shantou Tourism: Zhongshan Park

Shantou Zhongshan Park was laid in 1926 and opened on August 28th, 1928, with a total area of 2.18 hectares, including 6.3 hectares of Yujian Lake, which is the oldest and largest comprehensive park in Shantou.

It is surrounded by water, with the Hanjiang River in the north, overlooking the natural scenery of the Hanjiang River, and artificial rivers on three sides, which are connected with the urban area by three bridges. Zhongshan Park is located in the downtown area and there is no noise in the downtown area. The park is known as the "city lung" of Shantou because of its wide water surface and shady trees.

(Main Gate Archway)

This is an archway with traditional architectural features of China. The whole building is magnificent and antique. The archway was built in 193. It is supported by six red columns, which are 3 meters high. The base is made of granite stone about 1 meter square, and the pavilion top is covered with glazed tiles. Therefore, the archway is not only solid and solemn, but also magnificent. The word "Zhongshan Park" is written by Tan Yankai in calligraphy. Its calligraphy structure is rigorous, dignified and delicate, which matches the solemn and generous archway. Tan Yankai, a native of Chaling, Hunan Province, was a scholar in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. He was once an editor of the Imperial Academy, and later followed Sun Yat-sen's revolution. He served as a viceroy, minister, commander-in-chief and chairman of the national government. He studied calligraphy in addition to politics, and his calligraphy is quite famous in France. On the back of the archway is the four golden characters of "The World is Public" magnified by Sun Yat-sen's calligraphy, which is elegant and open. The towering red archway and the green trees complement each other to form a beautiful painting, which has become one of the landmark attractions of the park, so many tourists like to take pictures here as a souvenir.

(rockery)

This rockery is a must in the park.

The rockery is three stories high and covers an area of 1,7 square meters. It is made of stone and reinforced concrete eroded by seawater. In the meantime, there are seven small pavilions, including Yi Pavilion, Mei Pavilion, Syrian Pavilion, Deyue Pavilion, Yuemei Pavilion, Qixian Pavilion and Star Picking Pavilion. It is a typical landscape in southern China. Because the stones are grotesque, empty and connected; The path is designed in twists and turns, and the wall hole is both hidden and present; The mountain path hovers, seeing nothing in it, seeing something in it and nothing in it. So don't have fun walking up the mountain. Climbing to the top of the mountain and looking out, I saw green bamboo trees hidden and rugged rocks intertwined, which gave me a sense of climbing and stretching. The sea breeze blows, and it feels cool. So the old people are willing to hang around here all day; Some sing Chaozhou opera in a wide area; Some are singing Chaozhou songs in caves. People enjoy themselves while enjoying the cool.

(Jiuqu Bridge)

Jiuqu Bridge was built in 1936. There are three ventilation pavilions on four sides, with a large main pavilion in the middle and a small pavilion on both sides, and then connected by a bridge. Nine right-angled bridges are dotted on the lake, forming the characteristics of Jiangnan garden architecture. The pavilion is covered with yellow glazed tiles and reflected in the green lake, picturesque. The bridge is tortuous. When people walk on the bridge, they can constantly change their directions and get the effect of "changing scenery". With the railing, you can see the beautiful scenery of lakes and mountains, the reflection of waves, and the fish playing one by one, which is full of interest. Therefore, as early as the 193s, it became one of the eight scenic spots in the garden, and was known as the "nine-curve smoke wave".

(Shengzhi Pavilion)

This is a unique hexagonal western pavilion in the park. The pavilion was built in 1931, with a height of 7 meters and a second floor. It was built to commemorate Mr. Gao Shengzhi's contribution to the Revolution of 1911. Gao Shengzhi, a native of Chenghai, was a famous overseas Chinese industrialist and social activist in Chaoshan at the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China. He not only actively supported the democratic revolution advocated by Sun Yat-sen, but also donated money to pay for it. He is also actively preparing for the establishment of Shantou Kaiming Electric Light Company to do his best to build Shantou. At that time, Hu Hanmin, a veteran of the Kuomintang, wrote "Mr. Gao Shengzhi's Memorial Pavilion", in which he said: "The Prime Minister first declared the righteousness of Huizhou, and your family helped you, and the people of the country remembered your merits and built a pavilion to commemorate Zhongshan Park."

(Museum Flower Palace)

This is a new scenic spot that was built and opened in 1986. It adopts the design technique of China garden, with connected courtyards and corridors and twists and turns. All kinds of novel flowers and bonsai are displayed in the museum. This is a small garden. If you are interested in bonsai, you can enjoy many unique bonsai here and enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature in the world of "shrinking the scenery to an inch". Flowers bloom all year round in the palace garden, and many of them can only grow and bloom in tropical or cold regions, so it is a new world of flower appreciation. Since its opening, this palace has received many tourist groups and individuals at home and abroad every day, and they all praised it as "a unique landscape in the South China".

There are also amusement facilities such as zoo, amusement park and opera stage in Zhongshan Park. There is also a bank with quiet scenery, such as the Hanjiang River and bamboo trees, which is called "Lover's Bank" by young people. There is also a special interest, but I can't accompany you there, so I have to experience it myself.