Wang Anshi: If we don't meet at that time, we will be heroes!

Shang Yang's political reform led to division and extinction; Wang Mang's restructuring led to the ruin of the country; Zhang implem

Wang Anshi: If we don't meet at that time, we will be heroes!

Shang Yang's political reform led to division and extinction; Wang Mang's restructuring led to the ruin of the country; Zhang implemented the New Deal and was held accountable after his death. Guangxu 1898, the Reform Movement of 1898, the "six gentlemen" were slaughtered and the parties were exiled overseas.

In the reform of feudal society for thousands of years, experimenters have been walking on thin ice. A little carelessness will not only endanger one's own life, but also lead to the stigma of traitors stealing the country. This difficulty is equivalent to putting a brick on the top of Mount Everest.

Therefore, the reform needs not only smart designers, but also wise and powerful monarchs to support it. Among these leaders, Wang Anshi is a lucky one.

Wang Anshi is not only a great reformer, but also a famous scholar, poet and essayist. His articles can be compared with Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, and his poems are among the best among the "Eight Masters".

History's evaluation of Wang Anshi is mostly unfair. Only by putting aside the gloomy and bluffing appearance can we find the inner truth, goodness and beauty.

Genius meets genius

In Wang Anshi's childhood world, such a miracle happened. Once, he and his father visited his uncle's house. My uncle lives in Jinxi County, located in what is now Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province.

After going there, my grandmother inadvertently told an anecdote: it turned out that there was a family named Fang in the neighboring village, and they had been farming for generations. Actually, to put it bluntly, there are not many people studying in the whole village. The only scholars in the whole county are Xiao Wang's grandfather and his uncles.

Grandma said that when Xiao Fang was five years old, he had never seen a pen, ink, paper or inkstone, and suddenly he clamored for these things. His family borrowed it from other places and gave it to him. Only shua shua, four poems came out. And the evidence is conclusive. Wang Anshi said: "I can't do this. I can do this. " So I begged grandma to take him to get to know it. Grandma is too old to stand the 60-mile journey back and forth. His uncles said, "well, I'll take you to see it tomorrow."

After meeting, when asked about his age, the child was only one year younger than himself and twelve years old.

Wang Anshi said, "I heard that your poetry level is very high. Write a few words to make my eyes shine. "

Zhong Yong Jr. said, "I can only write poems, but I can't write lyrics."

Wang Anshi wondered, "What is this?"

Little Zhong Yong replied for a long time: "To tell the truth, I haven't learned the meter of poetry yet." Wang Anshi was puzzled and said, "Then just write a few words and have a look."

This Zhong Yong wrote an ancient poem with a wave of his hand, and the level is really average. Wang Anshi thought, why did once gifted children become like this? It turns out that since Fang Zhongyong became famous, his father took his son to make money all day, regardless of his studies. So that his level still stays at five years old.

Wang Anshi thinks: It seems that only learning determines a person's ability. Genius needs to learn more. He later wrote an article, the famous Shang. It can be said that because he witnessed the extinction of genius, Wang Anshi studied hard all his life, and even Su Shi admired this spirit.

? Horses run faster. When I am lucky, even the spring breeze is proud of me.

In the first year of Li Qing, Wang Anshi went from his hometown to the north to take the exam. 10, he finally came to the bustling Tokyo. He doesn't like walking around, so he stays in his room to review when he is free. Probably in the leisure time of drinking tea and eating, Wang Anshi met a talented person who lived in an inn-Ceng Gong.

Ceng Gong is two years older than Anshi, and they chatted for a while before they knew they were related. This Mr Zeng is actually Anshi's distant uncle. Fate has always been so wonderful. Wang Anshi met relatives the first time he went out.

Speaking of Ceng Gong, compared with his cousin's luck, he didn't succeed until he was 39. In other words, Wang Anshi went to Beijing this time and will be admitted to Jinshi next year; Ceng Gong, the first cousin, had to wait for more than ten years to become classmates with Su Shi. This is not bullying! But there is no way. The imperial examination system mercilessly wasted the youth of most people.

To be an official, you have to take an exam. Although Wang Anshi also hated the imperial examination, he had to take this step in order to contribute to the country in the future.

Uncle read my nephew's article and immediately recommended it to Ouyang Xiu. Ouyang Xiu saw that he was a fellow villager in Jiangxi, and gave him good comments without saying anything. Then, wrote a poem to praise:

There are 3,000 romantic poems in Hanlin and 200 in the official department.

Self-pity is still there when you are old, so who is competing with your son?

Zhumen dance in a new state, and green dust blows the old strings.

I often hate being famous because I don't know each other, but I hate meeting you late and forget to return.

-"To the King"

Well, your level is already Li Bai and Han Yu, and you will be the pride of our fellow villagers in Jiangxi in the future. Now I have nothing to say, I just want to buy you a drink.

Wang Anshi replied, "Eating is necessary, but I beg to differ when you say that I am like Li Bai and Han Yu. Han Yu's people are too powerful, so I just want to study hard. I wish I could be a Mencius in the future. "

Ouyang Xiu was shocked, thinking: This boy can, on the other hand, say that he is more powerful than I thought. But in fact, Wang Anshi doesn't think so at all. His ideal is not to be a scholar who writes and draws, but to be a real doer.

Not long after, the imperial scholar list was released, and Wang Anshi was the fourth scholar. He wrote a letter to his uncles in his hometown:

The world doesn't laugh at the old snakeskin, making Longlin a beautiful place.

It is said that now is a good time to sell goods.

This little poem has no title. Let's just call it "Send Uncle". His uncle, who took him to see Fang Zhongyong earlier, used to laugh at his nephew when he was free, saying, "A character like Liu Ling wants to learn from others-learn martial arts and sell it to the royal family?"

My uncles, after all, have read books, and dare not compare Bao Zheng, because they are also court officials at this time, and they will be held accountable if they know about it. Wang Anshi listened to obscurity and only knew how to study hard. Finally, he hit back at his old uncles. As for Fang Zhongyong, the partner I once met, now I only know agriculture.

Small officials can sharpen people best.

Shortly after he was admitted to Jinshi, Wang Anshi was appointed as Huainan's assistant. His job is to organize documents and write materials, which is no fun. At last, you can make free arrangements at night. Wang Anshi took out Shang Jun and Historical Records and started reading all night.

He didn't do it in a day, but it has become a habit. I often get up early in the morning without brushing my teeth or washing my face and rush to work. I haven't changed clothes for a long time. One morning a few months later, Wang Anshi went to the door unkempt again and happened to meet Han Qi.

As a senior, Han kindly asked, "Xiao Wang, did you go to KTV again last night?" Young people can't keep doing this, and their bodies can't stand it. You should spend a lot of time reading more books, make a change like me in the future and do your part for the country. "

Wang Anshi still has considerable respect for this predecessor who presided over the Qingli New Deal. He just nodded and made no excuses. Later, I also said privately, "Han Palace doesn't know me!"

The next year, Wang Anshi returned to his hometown, and after he came back, he changed from a single youth to a little husband. But in fact, he wants to be a gentleman in his bones. About this girl Wu, she is Wang Anshi's cousin, four years younger than her and nineteen years old. Because the author has never seen it, it is not convenient to reveal his appearance, but when it comes to temperament, I think he is probably an ordinary wife and mother. The following year, Mrs. Wang gave birth to a son.

In the seventh year of Li Qing, Wang Anshi was appointed as the magistrate of Yinxian County. This position is of great significance to Wang Anshi. Because from here on, he built water conservancy, experimented with young crops and started education. During this period, Wang Anshi's young crops method was very successful, farmers borrowed it and returned it, and the warehouses in yamen gradually became surplus.

The reason behind this success lies in the wise and pragmatic work of local leaders. He really wants to do something practical for the people. If it were anyone else, he would be deformed immediately. In fact, we might as well make an assumption that if there were 100,000 Wang Anshi in Qian Qian at that time, the result of the subsequent political reform might be unpredictable.

At the age of thirty, Wang Anshi was appointed as a judge in Zhou Shu. At this time, the court began to do everything possible to send him an official. Song Renzong said: "Come and take the exam. After the exam, you will work in the pavilion." Wang Anshi said: "The capital is too expensive, and I really have no money to go. And there are still a few younger brothers and sisters who are not married, and these need money. " Even if this matter is temporarily faltering.

In the first year of He Zhi, Song Renzong said, "Forget it, you don't have to take the exam. You can directly come to Jixian College for management. " Wang Anshi also said that the family was too poor to open the pot. Ouyang Xiu said: "Cry all day. Emperor, please give him a good job. " Song Renzong thinks so, too. People who have never been corrupt should be retained at a high price. So he transferred Wang Anshi to the Ministry of Animal Husbandry and became Bi Marvin.

? Friendship at that time was the purest.

In the days after graduation, Wang Anshi made several good friends, including Wu Zhongqing and Sima Guang. Everyone often sees that Wang's face is dirty and his clothes haven't changed for a long time. Although it is to raise horses, we should pay attention to hygiene, especially Sima Guang, who is a clean person. On this day, everyone discussed taking Wang Anshi to the sauna.

After taking a shower, Wang Anshi picked up his clothes and put them on, not realizing that he had "exchanged the old for the new". Han Wei was surprised: What's going on? ! There is such a funny thing. Does he really don't know or pretend not to know? So I decided to continue playing tricks on Wang Anshi the next day.

The next day, Wu Zhongqing invited everyone to dinner, and eight small dishes were well prepared. The men got a deer the day before yesterday, and Xiao Wu ordered the kitchen to make shredded pork. I heard that Anshi worked hard recently and put it in front of him. Everyone is talking and laughing. Mr. Wang doesn't drink, but only takes food. After three rounds of wine, everyone found that the plate in front of Wang Anshi was empty and the other dishes were untouched. When Xiao Wu got the treasure, he rushed to report to Mrs. Wang: "Your husband likes to eat shredded deer."

Mrs. Wang looked puzzled, thought it over and asked, "Where did you put the shredded pork?"

"Right in front of him." Xiao Wu answered without thinking.

"It's no wonder. My Mr. Wang only eats what is in front of him. As for the taste, he has no concept at all. " Xiao Wu does not believe it.

Mrs. Wang smiled and said, "Next time we eat, let's change dishes and see if he has changed." The next day, Xiao Wu invited another guest and changed a plate of bean sprouts, and found that Mr. Wang still ate with relish. It's amazing that there are such people in the world!

Then, it was Sima Guang's turn to appear. Sima Guang called Wang Anshi to talk at night: "Bro, just a few days ago, my wife put a concubine in my room when she went back to her family. Why should I ask her? " She said my wife sent me to wait on me. I reprimanded her and told her to leave. Finally, my wife came back and complained that I was unreasonable. Tell me, brother, what should I do if this happens to you? "

"It really happened to me," Wang Anshi said. "My wife also bought me a concubine. I asked her what happened. The girl said that her husband had to sell her mortgage because he capsized while delivering goods to the court. I asked how much, and she said 900,000. I asked her husband to call and say,' I don't want money, I can take my daughter-in-law back and live a good life. No matter how hard it is, I can't sell my wife. I will be punished next time.' The couple left with tears in their eyes. Brother, what do you think of my handling of this matter? "

"Gao, you are not ordinary." Sima Guang spoke highly of his moral character. The two went on to learn knowledge together, which was the most harmonious years in their lives.

Lifelong career belongs to political reform.

In the fourth year of Zhiping, Yingzong died of illness, and 20-year-old Zongshen ascended the throne. Song Shenzong is one of the few outstanding emperors in the history of China. As soon as he took office, he began to plan to do something big.

If you want to do business, you must leave your right hand. On this day, Zong Shen asked Han Wei, "What do you think of Wang Anshi?" When Han Wei saw that the time had come, he quickly said, "An Shi is a person who really wants to do something practical for the country, and he does have this ability."

Zongshen asked doubtfully, "Then why did the first emperor ask him to be an official in Beijing, but he was always rejected?" Han Wei said: "At that time, his family did have some difficulties. But now that my brother and sister are married, it should be no problem for the emperor to call him again. "

The emperor made up his mind and continued to ask Ceng Gongliang, Wu Kui, Han Qi and others the next day. They have different opinions, but most of them are against it. Song Shenzong thinks that your objection shows that Wang Anshi is really talented, so I must summon him.

Wang Anshi received an imperial edict from Song Shenzong and finally decided to go to war. This time, things are different. In the past, even if you chased the toilet with an official power of attorney, he wouldn't accept it. Because after witnessing the failure of Fan Zhongyan and others, Wang Anshi knew that the emperors in front were not people who handled affairs. As soon as the young emperor who just ascended the throne came to power, he immediately felt a strong wind and tried to reform.

In just a few months, Wang Anshi became a red man around the emperor. The following year, he served as deputy prime minister and set up three laws and regulations departments, which were implemented one after another. Wang Anshi said in his poem:

The roar of firecrackers, the old year has passed; The warm spring breeze ushered in the New Year, and people happily drank the newly brewed Tu Su wine.

The rising sun sheds light on doors of each household, New peachwood charm is put up to replace the old.

-"One day in January"

There is always a new beginning in the new year. Whether it's setting off firecrackers or drinking Tu Su wine, every household will put up new colorful Spring Festival couplets at this time. For Wang Anshi, this may be the happiest Spring Festival in his life.

The hero was defeated by the times.

In the new year, at the beginning of the political reform, Su Zhe was the first person to jump out and openly oppose it. Then, friends Sima Guang and others also defected, accusing Mr. Wang of doing so is wrong and will lead to national chaos. Wang Anshi ignored him, and Sima Guang and Han Qi wrote letters to the emperor one after another.

Song Shenzong thought, "You go up, you go up, and I will continue to do mine." A few days later, Su Shi wrote another book, The Book of the God Emperor, which exposed the disadvantages of the new law.

Wang Anshi said angrily, "Do you know what we are doing? Just follow up. " I couldn't bear it for a while, and finally I made up my mind to suppress it with strength. So all those who opposed the reform were released. But in fact, there is also a problem overlooked here. Imagine that those officials who have been ruthlessly exiled will implement your policies when they get there?

And some of them are really fooling around. For example, Li Ding, Deng Shao and Zhang Dun were the main forces that led to the final failure of the political reform. Xianghong Wang is determined to stick to what he has decided and never listen to other people's opinions. We dare not blame, but keep attacking Prime Minister Wang.

Apart from natural disasters, there are also man-made disasters that lead to the decline of Prime Minister Wang. The drought has made people uneasy, and Huashan is a mess. Zong Shen said, "Nothing, I can handle it." The next day, I was called by my grandmother and mother and scolded. On the third day, Xia Zheng was on the map of refugees before his grievances were clarified.

Speaking of Xia Zheng, he turned out to be a student of Wang Anshi. I never thought that the teacher started the reform, and the students not only did not support it, but became the last straw to crush the camel. At that time, people from all walks of life pushed Qi Xin to overwhelm Zongshen and Wang Anshi. Finally, Zongshen had no choice but to order Wang Anshi to strike, and the implementation of the new law was suspended. Wait until the second strike the following year, Wang Anshi returned to Jiangning with his family. This also declared the end of the whole new law.

? The emperor's lifelong friend

The relationship between Song Shenzong and Wang Anshi has already gone beyond the ordinary relationship between monarch and minister, but is a bosom friend and teacher-student relationship. From his first arrival in Beijing, Zongshen made him more and more correct, then tried his best to maintain it in the political reform, and finally cared about his later life, all of which revealed Zongshen's love for this teacher.

When the officials disagreed, Zong Shen said, "Needless to say, I have handed this matter over to Wang Anshi." When all conservatives pointed their finger at Wang Xianggong, he was forced to resign as emperor.

Zongshen wrote to ask Mr. Wang to stay. As a result, Sima Guang is a ghost writer. Sima Guang and Wang Anshi have been friends for many years, but they fought to the death for political reform. Later, Wang Anshi said, "It is Sima Guang who always says that the new method is inconvenient." It is conceivable that Sima Guang's pen can write good words?

Sima Guang first criticized Wang Anshi, and finally said darkly, "If you want to go, go quickly." Wang Anshi was disheartened and resigned early the next morning.

On the other hand, Zongshen regretted reading Sima Guang's imperial edict all night and could not stay up late. When I met Wang Anshi the next morning, he kindly said, "Miss Wang, don't be angry, blame me, because I'm too lazy to give this to Sima Guang. Don't you know what kind of person Sima Guang is? I'm sorry. I'm really sorry. Don't worry. "

Wang Anshi relented and continued to stay in office, but it was not long before he resigned. After returning to Nanjing, he built the Mid-Levels Garden and rode around on a donkey every day when he was free. I just came back from outside this day and saw my daughter-in-law quarreling with two officers. When Wang Anshi asked the truth, it turned out that my brother-in-law was hiding at home in trouble outside, and the officers came to catch him. Mrs. Wang tried to hide that people didn't sell her face at all. Mrs. Wang quarreled with your honor. Teacher Wang gave an angry cry and went back to his room.

Everyone was awed by the majesty of teacher Wang and dispersed. Who knows that an angel of Shinto came to see Wang Anshi on this day and reported it when he went back. Zongshen fired the monkey immediately without saying anything. Then, people still sent silks and satins and delicious food every month until his death.

It can be seen that Mr. Wang's position in Zongshen's mind is quite important. In other words: although he is no longer the prime minister, he is still my best confidant, not someone who can trample on him.

? Seclusion in old age

After living in seclusion, Wang Anshi's poetry level has advanced by leaps and bounds, and many excellent works have emerged. Especially good at the Seven Wonders. Chen Yan, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, said in his "Essence of Song Poetry" that Wang Anshi's quatrains seemed to have been written after the rhyme was broken. It is said that the sentences are neat, but it also shows the depth of kung fu.

Poetry depends on mood. His plum blossom poems, free and easy, are unique in later generations.

There are some plums in the corner, and cold ling opens them alone.

I knew from a distance that it wasn't snow, because there was a smell coming.

? -"plum blossom"

In fact, what Mr. Wang wants to say in this poem is a problem: even if I am not a prime minister now, I am left out in the cold and lead such an idyllic life, then my temperament is the same as his. This is why no matter what his political behavior is, we should admit that he is a gentleman.

Compared with today, his mood is full of pity, but more, he still wants to show that he has no regrets. No matter what the result is, at least I am better than Fan Zhongyan and his gang. He wrote in another poem:

A vicious spring water surrounds the flower body, and the flower shadow is enchanting, occupying the spring.

It is better to be blown into snow by the spring breeze than to be crushed into dust by Nanmo.

-"apricot blossoms in the north skin"

Even if it is blown up by the spring breeze like a snowflake, it is snow floating in the world and shining on the earth. It's always like being born on the side of the road, falling on the road and being trampled mercilessly. The meaning here is even more obvious. Wang Anshi said: "Fortunately, I met the God Sect, which enabled me to show my lifelong ambition. Even if the current result is not satisfactory, it is better than my time in silence. " This is Wang Anshi's temperament.

In the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Mr. Wang was seriously ill and was in a coma for two days and nights. Zongshen hurriedly sent a doctor to visit him, and finally he was saved. After his recovery, he moved out of the Mid-Levels Park and rented a house, which has become more and more like a farmer. If the partner named Fang Zhongyong is still alive, they may still be companions.

On this day, the famous Mr Dongpo came to visit Lao Wang. Wang Anshi said with some emotion: "I didn't expect to see me now. It's been a long time."

Su Shi said: "I didn't agree with you politically before. Now you are not the prime minister, and I still regard you as a senior." I remember the last Wutai poetry case, although you didn't ask about the affairs of the DPRK, you wrote to the emperor that although I was outspoken, I was a loyal minister and should not be severely punished. I have always kept this in mind. "

Wang Anshi already loves Buddhism at this time, and both of them advocate literary boldness, so they talked very well.

The following year, Zongshen died of illness, and Wang Anshi lost his bosom friend and wrote a poem with tears in his eyes. Then, Sima Guang came to power and abolished the new law. When the exemption law was abolished, Wang Anshi bluntly said that it was meaningless to live. Soon he died of illness in Nanjing. Some friends and students are afraid of mourning after death. Sima Guang was very dissatisfied and said, "Fu Jie likes to make trouble, but he has nothing to say about talents and morality."

In a blink of an eye, Wang Anshi has been dead for more than 900 years. If we evaluate him from the perspective of modern people, I think it is best to put it in his own words:

Both Yi and Lu failed. They both experienced poverty. One is a fisherman and the other is a farmer. If you hadn't met at that time, you would be a hero.

Tang Wu meets, and the wind is like a tiger and a dragon. Wang Xing is just talking and laughing. Until now, thousands of years later, who will compete with you!