Comprehensive list of exterior wall decorative stone types

As a high-end building decoration material, stone is widely used in indoor and outdoor decoration design, curtain wall decoration and public facilities construction. Common stones currently on the market are mainly divided into natural stone and artificial stone. Natural stone is divided into two types: slate and granite according to its physical and chemical properties. Artificial stone is divided into terrazzo and synthetic stone according to the process. Terrazzo is forged from cement, concrete and other raw materials; synthetic stone is made from natural stone gravel, plus adhesives, etc., which are pressurized and polished. The latter two are artificially made, so their strength is not as high as that of natural stone. So, what are the decorative stones for exterior walls? The following is a comprehensive introduction to the types of exterior wall decorative stones for your reference.

Comprehensive list of exterior wall decorative stone types

1. Marble

Marble is a metamorphic rock formed from the original rocks in the earth's crust after high temperature and high pressure in the earth's crust. The internal forces of the earth's crust cause the original types of rocks to undergo qualitative changes, that is, the structure, structure and mineral composition of the original rocks change. New rocks formed after qualitative changes are called metamorphic rocks.

Marble is mainly composed of calcite, limestone, serpentine and dolomite. Its main component is calcium carbonate, accounting for more than 50%. Since marble generally contains impurities, and calcium carbonate is affected by carbon dioxide, carbides, and water vapor in the atmosphere, it is also easily weathered and corroded, causing the surface to quickly lose its luster. Marble is generally softer than granite.

The processing technology of overall grinding, polishing and crystallization of marble materials. Marble is internationally known as marble. With its natural and simple texture and bright color, it is widely used in building interior walls. Because marble materials are relatively It is loose and has a soft texture with a relatively high water absorption rate. There are many joint lines, so during processing, transportation, installation and use, various contamination, warping deformation, gloss loss and other phenomena are prone to occur, which affects the decorative effect. Therefore, the care of marble is also a required course in the nursing industry. To conduct a comparative analysis of the condition of marble veneer, the care methods can be divided into:

First, waterproof the stone before renovation and polishing. The purpose is to make the stone absorb as little water as possible, thereby reducing the water absorption rate of the stone. , do waterproofing after 300#. At that time, the waterproofing effect will be reduced or disappear due to grinding. If conditions permit, it is best to do waterproofing again after 800#.

When encountering relatively loose stones, such as white sand beige, sandstone, tropical rainforest, wood grain stone, etc., you must first use a high-content sealing curing agent (such as super-hard inorganic paint, silicone resin with a content of more than 40% Sealer) is used as a pre-treatment, so that the stone can fill in the loose material and harden the material at the same time.

The composition and structural characteristics of marble give it the following properties:

(1) Excellent decorative properties. Marble does not contain radiation and is bright and colorful. It is widely used indoors. Wall and floor decoration.

(2) Excellent processing performance: sawing, cutting, polishing, drilling, engraving, etc.

(3) Marble has good wear resistance and is not easy to age. Its service life is generally about 50-80 years.

(4) In industry, marble is widely used. Such as: used in raw materials, purifiers, metallurgical solvents, etc.

(5) Marble has the characteristics of non-conductivity, non-magnetic conductivity, and stable field position.

2. Granite

1. Formation: Granite is formed by the eruption and intrusion of underground magma, cooling and crystallization, as well as granitic metamorphic rocks.

2. Composition: The main component of granite is silica, whose content is about 65%-85%.

3. Chemical properties: The chemical properties of granite are weakly acidic.

4. Structure: The structure of granite is usually a point-like structure, with relatively coarse particles (referring to silica), a regular distribution of surface patterns, and high hardness.

5. Due to the special conditions and firm structural characteristics of granite formation.

It has the following unique properties:

(1) It has good decorative properties and can be used for decoration in public places and outdoors.

(2) Excellent processing performance: sawing, cutting, polishing, drilling, engraving, etc. Its processing accuracy can reach below 0.5μm, and its luminosity can reach above 100 degrees.

(3) Good wear resistance, 5-10 times higher than cast iron.

(4) The thermal expansion coefficient is small, not easily deformed, similar to indium steel, and is minimally affected by temperature.

(5) The elastic modulus is large, higher than cast iron.

(6) Good rigidity and large internal damping coefficient, 15 times larger than steel. Can be shock-proof and shock-absorbing.

(7) Granite is brittle and will only partially fall off after damage, without affecting the overall straightness.

(8) Granite has stable chemical properties, is not easily weathered, and can resist the erosion of acids, alkalis and corrosive gases. Its chemical properties are proportional to the content of silica, and its service life can reach about 200 years. .

(9) Granite has many excellent properties such as non-conductivity, non-magnetic conductivity, stable field position, etc.

3. Sandstone

1. Formation: Sandstone, also known as sandstone, is due to the movement of the earth’s crust, sand grains and cements (siliceous matter, calcium carbonate, clay, oxide Iron, calcium sulfate, etc.) is a sedimentary rock formed by compression and bonding under long-term huge pressure.

2. Ingredients: The main ingredients are sand (silica) with a content of more than 65% and cement.

3. Properties: weakly acidic.

4. Structure: The particles of sand and gravel are uniform, fine in texture, and loose in structure, so the water absorption rate is high (the cost of protection is high), and it has sound insulation, moisture absorption, resistance to damage, and resistance to weathering. It is resistant to fading, insoluble in water, and non-radioactive.

5. Sandstone cannot be polished and is a matte stone, so it reveals its natural shape and contains rich cultural connotations. In decoration, sandstone shows a warm-toned decorative style that is elegant, warm, and luxurious. According to the characteristics of this type of stone, it is often used for indoor and outdoor wall decoration, furniture, sculptures, and garden construction materials. .

6. The hardness of sand and gravel is intrinsically and inevitably related to its origin. Some high-quality sandstones have a very tight structure and are even harder than granite. In terms of durability, sandstone is comparable to marble and granite. Many buildings built of sandstone one or two hundred years ago still retain their style and charm.