Translation of Xiao Tong's Biography of Tao Yuanming

Translation of Xiao Tong s Biography of Tao Yuanming;

Tao Yuanming has a distinctive character. Some people say that the name is hidden and the word is deep. (According to Sister Ji Cheng, Tao Yuanming's real name was well known in the Jin Dynasty. It was only after the Southern Song Dynasty that it was renamed Qian, with Yuan and Ming as the characters. His great-grandfather Tao Kan was a fu master in the State of Jin.

Tao Yuanming has a high interest since he was a child, reading widely and writing well. Brilliant, sharp-edged Ren Zhen is complacent. I once wrote "Biography of Mr. May 6th" to illustrate myself. Everyone who saw it at that time thought it was a true portrayal of him.

In order to be filial to the elderly and take care of the family, but the family is poor, so I have to be an official and make a wine offering in Jiangzhou. Unable to stand the constraints of official duties, he soon resigned and went home. Jiangzhou secretariat called him the main book, but he didn't take office. Hard work, self-sufficiency in farming.

Thin and hungry. Tan Daoji, the secretariat of Jiangzhou, went to visit him. Tao Yuanming has been lying upright for several days because of hunger. Tan Daoji advised him: "I heard that sages are alive. If there is no road in the world and they can't display their talents, they will retire to the mountains; If you have access, be an official and show your ambition.

Today, you live in a civilized world. How can you make yourself so poor? Tao Yuanming replied, "How dare I expect to be a saint? I just can't realize my ambition. " Tan Daoji then left him rice and meat, and Yuanming waved and refused.

In the future, Tao Yuanming became a town army and Jianwei joined the army. He once said to his relatives and friends, "I am willing to play that string song for the time being to prepare for my future seclusion, okay?" When the authorities heard about it, they asked him to be Ling Ze of Peng.

I don't want to be dragged down by family matters, so I sent an active soldier to help my son. The book says, "Your cost of living is very difficult for you. Now, sending this labor force to you can help you solve the dilemma of life. He is also someone else's son, be nice to him. "

The public is called Shu (brewing wine), saying, "As long as I can get drunk often, I will be satisfied." The family insisted on planting rice (Beijing late rice), so Yuan Ming planted two hectares of 50 mu of rice and 50 mu of rice.

At the end of the year, Huixian sent Du You to inspect, and the county official asked Tao Yuanming to say, "Wear formal clothes to welcome Du You." . Yuan Ming sighed: "How can I go to the village children to hunch over for the salary of five dou meters!" " "

On the same day, he immediately resigned from office, wrote "Go to Xi Ci" and retired to the countryside. The emperor recruited him as a writer, but he refused to take office. ? Jiangzhou secretariat Wang Hong wanted to know him very much, but he never had a chance.

Tao Yuanming once visited Lushan Mountain. Wang Hong asked his friend Pang Tongzhi to prepare wine sets and invited Tao Yuanming in Halfway Village. Yuanming's foot was ill, so a pupil and two boys carried a bamboo sedan chair. After stopping, Yuanming was very happy and drank together. After a while, wang hong came, and Yuan Ming was not disgusted.

Yan Yanzhi (A.D. 384-456), whose name is Yan Nian, was a famous scholar at that time, as well as Xie Lingyun. After the death of Tao Yuanming, Yan Yanzhi wrote Historical Records of Zheng Tao, which was then the secretariat of Jiangzhou. He was once a hero in Liu Liu's rear army, and forged a deep friendship with Yuanming when he was in Xunyang.

Later, it became Shi' an county magistrate. After Xunyang, he went to see Tao Yuanming for a drink every day and got drunk every time. Ms. Wang wanted to invite Yan Yanzhi for a drink, but she didn't get a chance.

When Yan Yanzhi left, he left 20,000 pence for Yuan Ming to subsidize his family, but Yuan Ming sent someone to send it all to the restaurant, thinking it was a daily drink. Yuanming once went out on the Double Ninth Festival on September 9, and sat thoughtfully among the chrysanthemums outside.

After a while, before I knew it, my hands were full of chrysanthemums. Just wang hong sent someone to deliver wine, and she simply drank it between chrysanthemums until she was slightly drunk. Tao Yuanming doesn't know melody, but he has a collection of stringed instruments. Whenever he drinks heartily, he fondles the stringed piano to express his feelings and cheer him up.

Anyone who comes to visit, regardless of rank, always drinks. If Tao Yuanming got drunk first, he said to the guests, "I'm drunk and I want to take a nap." You can go back first. " He is so frank with others.

The county general once went to see him, just as the new wine was ripe. Tao Yuanming took off the kudzu towel tied to his head and let out the wine. After filtering, he still wears it on his head. At that time, Zhou entered Lushan to serve the abbot Hui Yuan; Liu's adherents in Pengcheng also hid in Kuangshan, and Tao Yuanming did not accept the power of attorney from the court. People call them "Xunyang Yin San".

Later, Tan Shaoyang, the secretariat, begged Zhou to come out of the mountain, said "Zhou Li" in the north of the city with a bachelor's ancestor, and then corrected it. My apartment is close to the stable. So Yuan Ming wrote a poem and said, "Zhou Sheng described Confucius' career, and his ancestors and Xie Xiangran realized this. The cavalry is not arrogant, and the school books have been diligent. "

Tao Yuanming's wife, Zhai, can also live a hard and poor life, and is like-minded with Tao Yuanming. When Tao Yuanming was in Tao Kan, his grandfather's uncle, he thought he was Zaifu in the Jin Dynasty, and in the later Liu and Song Dynasties, he was ashamed to be an official.

Since the Emperor Gaozu of the Song Dynasty (that is, the Emperor Wu of Song Wudi, the founding emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty), Wang Ye gradually prospered and refused to be an official. In the fourth year of Yuanjia, he was about to reply to the imperial edict and suddenly died of illness. At age 63.

After his death, the world called him "Mr. Jingjie" and gave him posthumous title because of Tao Yuanming's virtue of "forgiveness and happiness" and "honesty and self-denial".

Original text:

Tao Yuanming, with distinctive characters; Or the word Yun Gan Yuan Ming Xunyang Chai Sang people also. Great grandfather Kan, Jin Sima. Yuan Ming is very interested, knowledgeable and good at writing. Smart Ren Zhen is complacent. Taste the biography of Mr. Wu Liu to tell your story. When people call it a record. Pro-poor hometown, drinking for the country;

The official position can't stand it, and I will return to China in a few days. The country is called the master book, not just. I worked hard at my own expense, so I got sick. Jiangzhou secretariat Tandaoji is waiting, and it must be the day of Tongzhi. Dao Ji said, "The sage is alive. If there is no way, they will be hidden. If there is a road, they will arrive.

The child was born in the civilized world, so why bother? "Yes," I said, "I dare not expect to be virtuous, but I am not that ambitious." Knife Ji gave Liang meat and left. ? Later, Zhenjun and Jianwei joined the army and said that relatives and friends said, "I want to sing a song. Do you think the three-way capital is ok? " The deacon heard about it and thought it was ordered by Peng.

If you don't take care of your family, send a hand to your son. The book says, "It's hard for you to support yourself at any time. I sent this unit to help you pay your salary. This is also the son of man, so you can meet him. " When Gong Tian learned that officials were sowing seeds, he said, "I often drown my sorrows in wine." My wife invited me to plant rice, so I planted 20 hectares of 50 mu of rice and 50 mu of japonica rice.

At the end of the year, Hui county sent Du You, and the county official asked, "You should see its area." Yuan Ming sighed, "How can I bend over to the children in the village for five buckets of rice?" On the same day, I was relieved of my post and assigned to "come back". If you want to be A Lang, don't you?

Jiangzhou secretariat Wang Hong wants to know, but he can't. Yuanming tasted Lushan Mountain, ordered Yuanming's old friend Pang Tong to drink and invited him to his chest. Yuan Ming has foot disease, so let one student and two children have a basket; When I arrived, I was happy to have a drink.

This is a moment of glory, no embarrassment. First, Yan Yanzhi was a hero in Liu Liu's army. He worked in Xunyang and Yuanming, and then in Shi 'an County. After Xunyang, he made a deep drink. Every time I go, I get drunk. Hiro wants to ask him to sit down for a while, but he can't wait.

When Yan Yanzhi left, he left 20,000 yuan to Yuan Ming, who informed him that he would be sent to the restaurant, and then he would take the wine. Try sitting in the chrysanthemum room by the house on September 9, holding chrysanthemums for a long time, and suddenly sending wine to Hong, even if you drink it, you will be drunk. Yuan Ming doesn't know the melody, but he keeps a stringed piano. Every wine is suitable, so he needs to fondle it to convey his meaning.

The expensive and the cheap have wine. If Yuanming gets drunk first, he will say to the guests, "I am drunk and want to sleep." You can go now. " The truth rate is so. The county will taste it, heat it, take the headscarf and soak the wine, and then return it.

Zhou Xu entered Lushan Mountain and released Hui Yuan; The adherents of Liu Pengcheng also fled Kuangshan, and Yuanming did not report his life, so he was called "Xunyang Yin San". After that, please ask Tan Shao, secretary of the Secretariat, to stay in the state, and tell the bachelor's ancestral enterprise and * * *' s "Li" in the north of the city, and try to correct it. I live in a hotel, which is close to the cavalry.

Therefore, Yuan made it clear in his poem: "Describing Confucius' career, both his ancestors and Xie Xiangran realized it. Cavalry is not just talking, school books have been diligent. "His wife Zhai can also work hard with his comrades.

Since his great-grandfather, Wang Ye, the great-grandfather of the Song Dynasty, gradually made his fortune, he was no longer willing to be an official. In the fourth year of Yuanjia, he died at the age of sixty-three. The world number is "Mr. Jingjie".

Extended data:

Brief introduction of Tao Yuanming's life

1, adolescence (before the age of 28)

Tao Yuanming's great-grandfather Tao Kan used to be a fu, and his grandfather and father also worked as magistrates and other officials. However, Tao Yuanming's father died early. When Yuan Ming was a teenager, his family wealth had declined, and he was "poor and poor."

He said: "I am a self-sufficient person, and I am greedy for luck. It' s winter when the gourd ladle is repeatedly smashed. " (Self-Sacrifice) But Tao Yuanming's material life is poor, but his spiritual life is rich.

He studied the Six Classics of Confucianism, Laozi and Zhuangzi, and "determined to escape from the world, lost in thinking far away", which was quite a political ambition of "supporting the monarch and establishing a career".

On the other hand, Lushan's water and pastoral scenery also make him love nature. "No rhyme, naturally love Qiushan." "Don't worry about poverty, don't worry about wealth."

2. Xueguan (29-4 1 year)

The gate valve system in the Jin Dynasty made "the top grade have no poverty, and the bottom grade have no home." In that era when the ruling class was fighting for power and profit, Tao Yuanming could not realize his ambition at all.

At the age of 29, he entered the officialdom and became a wine offering ceremony in Jiangzhou, but soon he was overwhelmed and returned to his hometown to live in seclusion. Later, he served as a small official several times, not only because he had no reason to display his ambition to help the world, but also because he was "ashamed of his ambition."

The last time I served as an official was in Peng. After more than 80 days as an official, because of the darkness of the officialdom, "five buckets of rice can't kneel down to the village villain" and resigned and returned to the field.

3. Return to the field (42-63 years old)?

After returning to the field, Tao Yuanming lived in seclusion in his hometown and took part in agricultural labor himself. I personally wrote the famous article "Biography of Mr. May 6th" to make my ambition clear.

This changed his attitude of despising labor and realized the value of labor to a certain extent. It is also in my labor and communication with farmers that I have a cordial feeling for them.

In his later years, he lived in poverty and was "hungry until he was old", but he refused to be "eaten by strangers" and refused gifts from powerful people, showing his ambition to help the poor.